No abstract available.
Pre-Eclampsia* ; Toxemia*

OBJECTIVE: Hematologic abnormalities in toxemia mothers and their babies have been documented. The purpose of this study was to explore the hematologic findings in mothers with toxemia and postnatal hematologic findings in their babies. The relationship of hematologic findings between toxemia mothers before delivery and their babies immediately after birth was also examined. METHODS: Forty-six pairs of singleton toxemia mothers and their babies born by C-section with 28 to 35 weeks of gestation from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1999 were enrolled. Fifty pairs of singleton normotensive mothers and their babies with the same gestational period and delivery method were matched for control group. Blood samples of mothers were performed before delivery, and those of their babies, were done immediately after birth, day 3 and 7 of life. Hemoglobin(Hb) concentration, total white blood cell(WBC) count, absolute neutrophil count(ANC), and platelet count were examined. RESULTS: Toxemia mothers have significantly lower platelet count compared with controls(191,000+/-83,200/mm3 vs. 252,000+/-92,700/mm3, p<0.05). There were no difference between both groups in Hb, WBC and ANC. On the first day of life, Hb was significantly higher(16.97+/-2.36g/dL vs 14.32+/-1.5g/dL, p<0.05), but WBC, ANC and platelet count were significantly lower in babies born to toxemia mothers than those of control group(p<0.05 for all). In babies born to toxemia mothers, Hb was significantly decreased until the seventh day of life(16.97g/dL, 15.48g/dL, 14.61g/dL, p<0.05), however, WBC and platelet count were significantly decreased until the third day of life and then incresed until the seventh day of life(11,832/mm3, 8,334/mm3, 10,104/mm3 for WBC, p<0.05, and 152,220/mm3, 144,720/mm3, 214,090/mm3 for platelet, p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: Hemoglobin concentration was significantly higher, whereas WBC, ANC and platelet were significantly lower in babies of toxemia mothers than those of control group. In babies born to toxemia mothers, Hb was significantly decreased until the seventh day of life, however, WBC and platelet count were significantly decresed until the third day and then increased until the seventh day of life. There was no relationship between hematologic findings of toxemia mothers and their babies.
Blood Platelets ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Neutrophils ; Parturition ; Platelet Count ; Pregnancy ; Toxemia*

PURPOSE: To study the relationship between the damage of retinal pigment epithelum and the lesion of choroidal vessels in various types of the serous retinal detachment(SRD) on fluorescein angiography(FAG) and indocyanine green angiography(ICGA). METHODS: FAG and ICGA were performed 81 eyes with various types of serous retinal detachment. The series comprised central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC, 63 eyes), toxemia of pregnancy(8 eyes), and Harada's disease(10 eyes). RESULTS: All the eyes showed dye leakage through the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) by FAG. Of sixty-three eyes with CSC, sixty eyes showed choroidal tissue staining in late phase on ICGA. Delayed filling of ICG dye in early phase was present around the site of leakage on FAG in 48 eyes with CSC. In toxemia of pregnancy and Harada's disease, all the cases showed delayed choroidal circulation and leakage from choroidal vessels on ICGA. As a common feature, ICGA showed choroidal hypoperfusion or delayed choroidal circulation and choroidal vascular hyperpermeability in the three types of SRD. CONCLUSIONS: The authors presume that they might contribute to the damage of RPE. The pathogenesis of SRD may be related to the hypothesis fact that choroidal vascular hyperpermeability probably moves fluid into the subretinal space from the choroid.
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ; Choroid* ; Fluorescein ; Indocyanine Green ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Toxemia

It is important to recongnize that the finding of Clostridia in a wound does not establish the diagnosis of gas gangrene. Clostridia may be present in traumatic wound under three circumstances: (1) simple contamination, (2) anaerobic cellulitis, and (3) gas gangrene. Confusion between clostridial cellulitis and gas gangrene may be avoided by remembering that clostrdial cellulitis is not associated with muscle invasion, and seldom produce swelling, pain, toxemia, or shock. Authors had been treated a case of clostridial infection with a vascularized groin flap followed by good result.
Cellulitis ; Clostridium perfringens ; Clostridium ; Diagnosis ; Gas Gangrene ; Groin ; Shock ; Toxemia ; Wounds and Injuries

It is a highly risky procedure to perform general anesthesia on a patient with toxemia in whom the function of the vital organs is seriously impaired. The risk is much increased when pulmonary edema is also a complication. Recently, many physicians are increasingly interested in PEEP(positive end-expiratory pressure) as a valuable therapeutic approach for pulmonary edema. There are reports that the PEEP has contributed a great deal of the treatment of the pulmonary edema. This is a case report of a patient with toxemia and pulmonary edema who underwent cesarean section. She was treated with oxygen, diuretics, digitalis, steroids, bronchodilators and PEEP(pr.=10cm.H2O, Vt=700ml., assist mode), The therapeutic result was excellent.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Bronchodilator Agents ; Cesarean Section ; Digitalis ; Diuretics ; Female ; Humans ; Oxygen ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Steroids ; Toxemia*

Clinical observation about 34 infants of gestational diabetic mothers(IGDM) and 4 infants of overt diabetic mothers(IDM) was attempted on the 388 large infants(above 4kg.) among 9,263 neonates, who were delivered at the Ilshin Women's hospital during 19 months from Jan. 1977 to July 1978. Birth characteristics, maternal history and perinatal complications were compared with control group of non-diabetic mothers. The results were summerized as follows : 1. The frequency of large infants was 4.2%. Among the large infants, IGDM were 8.8% and IDM were 1.0%. 2. The mean birth weight of IGM ranging in gestational age from 38 to 44 weeks was 4,240gm. No relationship between gestational age and birth weight was noticed. 3. The clinical features of IGDM were asymptomatic hypoglycemia (14.7%), hyperbilir ubinemia(11.8%), Apgar score below 6 at 1min(8.8%), and cogenital mal-formations(5.9%)in order of frequency. But no remarkable difference was noticed between IGDM and control group. 4. Compared with control group, the incidence of gestational diabetic mothers with toxemia and complicated pregnancy was higher. But no diffenence was found about maternal history and other perinatal problems. 5. Among 4 cases of IDM, two with hyperbilirubinemia, Apgar score below 6 at 1 min. and asymptomatic hypoglycemia and one with congenital malformations were noted. One case expired with respiratory distress syndrome.
Apgar Score ; Birth Weight ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Immunoglobulin M ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Mothers* ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Toxemia

As a result of heightened awareness that ophthalmologic examinations are essential for diagnosis and management of certain systemic diseases, the number of patients referred to the department of ophthalmology by other specialists have increased. This paper presents a statistical analysis of the in-patients referred from other departments for ophthalmologic evaluations at the Yonsei University Severance Hospital. Among the total 9.350 in-patients of Severance Hospital excluding the admissions to the department of ophthalmology during the six month period from November of 1970 to April of 1971, 200 patients (2.1%) were send for ophthalmologic consultations. They consisted of 127 (63.5%) males and 73(36.5%) females, and the incidence was high at the fifth decade (40 patients, 20%) followed by in order of frequency forth, sixth, third, and second decades. The patients were referred most frequently by internists (91 patients, 45.5%) followed by psychiatrists, obstetrician, and neurologists, etc. in that order. The underlying diseases necessitated the ophthalmologic consultations were diseases of cardiovascular system (43 patients, 21.5%), and of nervous system, trauma, and toxemias of pregnancies, etc. Seventy-nine patients demonstrated no specific findings in the eyes, and 59 of the remaining 121 patients had retinal changes. Diseases of the lids, conjunctivae, refraction, and the lens followed. There were 51 patients with hypertensive retinopathy among the 59 patients with retinal changes.
Cardiovascular System ; Conjunctiva ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertensive Retinopathy ; Incidence ; Male ; Nervous System ; Ophthalmology ; Pregnancy ; Psychiatry ; Referral and Consultation ; Retinaldehyde ; Specialization ; Toxemia

Authors were reviewed clinically for the patients who revealed ocular manifestations related to systemic diseases in year of 1968 (Table 1). The incidence of ocular changes related to systemic diseases (Table 2, 3, and 4), and ocular mansfestations of various systemic diseases such as infectious diseases, allergic diseases, endocrine diseases, nutritional and metabolic, central nerve system, cardiovascular diseases, hematopoietic diseases and connective tissue disorders (Table 5 to 22) were statistically and clinically observed in many respects. We observed some interesting cases such as macular edema (OU, aged 22, male) related to epidemic homorrhagic fever, monocular pseudoptosis in ocular conversion reaction and optic nerve atrophy (OU, aged 34, female) in toxemia.
Atrophy ; Cardiovascular System ; Communicable Diseases ; Connective Tissue ; Conversion Disorder ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Macular Edema ; Optic Nerve ; Toxemia

The authors have experienced three cases of pulmonary edema during anesthesia and after operation: 3 cases in urgent condition with toxemia and ectopic gestation underwent general anesthesia. One patient had no specific past history and the other two had cardiac or pulmonary problems before operation. In these cases, we believe that relative overloading of fluids in an undetected valular heart disease, preexisting pulmonary disease, severs preeclamptic condition, and myocardial depressant were the causative factors. High Fio2, with IPPB, diuretics, digitalis, dopamine and albumine were given immediately and so full recovery was observed in 4 hours to 3 days. There are many causes, prevention, and treatment for acute pulmonary edema. But believe that preoperative evaluation, intraoperative monitoring, prompt recognition and attention by the anesthetists are the most important preventive and therapeutic measures.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Digitalis ; Diuretics ; Dopamine ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing ; Lung Diseases ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Toxemia

The anesthetic management of cesearean section in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has been controversial. Regional anesthesia, particularly lumbar epidural block, and general anesthesia have been recommended. We have made a clinical analysis of anesthesia for 349 cesearean sections among total 1,434 toxemia from Jan. 1976 to Dec. 1980 in the Department of Anesthesiology, Ewha Womans University Hospital. The results are as follows: 1) The incidence of cesarean section of toxemic patients was 24.3%. 2) Indications for cesarean section were, in order of frequency:FPD(48.9%), previous C-section(14.3%), abnormal presentation (10.0%), etc. 3) Of the total 349 cesarean sections, 86%(300 cases) were emergency cases. 4) The majority of preoperative systopic pressure was 140~160 mmHg. 5) Of the total cases, 48.8%(153 cases) had general anesthesia and 51.2%(196 cases) had spinal. 6) One minute Apgar score of the infants born after spinal anesthesia are better than general anesthesia. 7) In patients received magnesium sulfate(96 cases), 54.2%(52 cases) had general anesthesia and 45.8%(44 cases) had spinal anesthesia. 8) In cases with magnesium sulfate therapy, there was a few incidence of severe neonatal depression.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthesiology ; Apgar Score ; Cesarean Section* ; Depression ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Magnesium ; Magnesium Sulfate ; Pregnancy ; Toxemia*