No abstract available.
Paralysis* ; Tourniquets*

No abstract available.
Paralysis* ; Tourniquets*

PURPOSE: Surgery on digit requires a clear, bloodless field and it can be achieved by using a tourniquet. Several type of tourniquet have been used including Penrose drains and sterile glove with hemostat. We present a simple digital tourniquet using nelaton catheter, which is easily available, inexpensive, easy-to-apply, and effective for digital surgery. METHODS: We made a small incision on the opposite side of an opening at the tip of nelaton catheter. Then the other tip of nelaton catheter is passed through the incision to form a ring. Nelaton catheter is placed aournd the base of the injured finger, making a tight circle to desired pressure. RESULTS: A simple tourniquet using nelaton catheter effectively achieves a bloodless field and allows fine control of the pressure for digital surgery. CONCLUSION: We present a sismple digital tourniquet using nelaton catheter, which is easily available, inexpensive, tunable, and available for more than one finger.
Catheters ; Fingers ; Tourniquets

No abstract available.
Aged ; Humans ; Tourniquets

A new adaptive pneumatic tourniquet was developed for limb operation and first-aid. The crucial hardware circuits of the adaptive pneumatic tourniquet were designed based on the microprocessor C8051F340 and blood pressure module CSN602, software was programmed and an experiment was carried out for verifying the system. Results showed that the prototype could measure accurately systolic blood pressure, heart rate and other relative parameters and the designed device could adjust tourniquet cuff's pressure through inflation and deflation according to systolic blood pressure and limb circumference. This designed system integrated the advantages of the adaptive pneumatic tourniquet, and could be used for controlling life-threatening extremity hemorrhage operation and maintaining a bloodless opeation field.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Microcomputers ; Tourniquets

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of the tourniquet on intraoperative patellar tracking and to determine how this may influence the decision to perform lateral release during primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From Jan. 1998 to Feb. 1999, 126 TKAs in which patellar tracking was assesed with tourniquet inflated were chosen as a control group. From May 1999 to June 2000, a total of 221 consecutive TKAs in which patellar tracking was assessed before and after tourniquet release were selected as a study group and were placed into 1 of 3 groups: Group I (49 out of 221) were knees that tracked properly both before and after tourniquet release. Group II (150 out of 221) were knees that maltracked with the tourniquet inflated and subsequently corrected with the tourniquet deflated. Group III (22 out of 221) were knees that maltracked both before and after tourniquet release, therefore required a lateral release. The lateral release rate, patella tilt and displacement were compared among groups. RESULTS: In control group, the lateral release rate was 65.9%(83/126). The patella tilit and displacemen were 2.65+/-0.78 degree and 3.51+/-1.68 mm respectively. In study group, the lateral release rate was 10.0%(22/221). The patella tilit and displacement were 0.76+/-0.85degree and 2.96+/-1.96 mm in study group. CONCLUSION: Tourniquet application alters intraoperative patellar tracking during TKA. When contemplating lateral retinacular release, tourniquet release and reevaluation of patellar tracking should be considered.
Arthroplasty* ; Equidae ; Knee* ; Patella ; Tourniquets*

No abstract available.
Capillaries* ; Ischemia* ; Muscle, Skeletal* ; Tourniquets*

The anesthetic properties on blockade of tourniquet pain of hyperbaric tetracaine (T-caine) and bupivacaine (marcaine) with or without epinephrine administered intrathecally were compaired in randomized study involving fourty healthy surgical patients. This investigation employed solutions of the two agents with or without epinephrine that contained equal dose (13 mg), concentration (0.5%), and volume (3ml). No statistically significant difference in height, anesthetic time, tourniquet time, tourniquet pressure, and sensory blockade level were observed between the four groups. Tourniquet pain or inadequate anesthesia did not occur in epinephrine-mix groups, But occurred in 20% of the patients in the tetracaine (t-caine) group & bupivacaine (marcaine) group each other. The results suggest that equal concentrations and dosages of hyperbaric tetracaine (T-caine) and bupivacaine (Marcaine) possessed similar anesthetic qualities on blockade of tourniquet pain following subarachnoid administration.
Anesthesia ; Bupivacaine* ; Epinephrine ; Humans ; Tetracaine* ; Tourniquets*

BACKGROUND: Core temperature changes during tourniquet inflation and deflation have been reported. The aim of this study is to investigate the extent of core temperature changes during inflation and deflation, depending on tourniquet time. METHODS: Esophageal temperature in sixty patients who undergoing knee arthroscopy with tourniquet longer than 1 h (group L, n = 30) and less than 1 h (group S, n = 30) were measured before inflation, 30 and 60 min after inflation, just before deflation, and 1 min interval for 10 min after deflation. RESULTS: Tourniquet time in L and S group was 109 +/- 20 min and 46 +/- 10.7 min, respectively. Compared to baseline value of 35.7 +/- 0.07 degrees C, significant increase of 0.14 +/- 0.02 degrees C, 0.25 +/- 0.03 degrees C, 0.4 +/- 0.05 degrees C were observed at 30, 60 min after inflation, and just before deflation, respectively in group L, and the increase of 0.11 +/- 0.03 degrees C and 0.18 +/- 0.03 degrees C at 30 min after inflation and just before deflation, respectively in group S. Temperatures from 2 to 10 min after deflation were significantly lower than value of just before deflation in each group (P < 0.05). At 10 min after deflation, 0.76 +/- 0.13 degrees C in group L and 0.4 +/- 0.04 degrees C in group S were lower than values of just before deflation in each group (P < 0.05). Temperature at 10 min after deflation was significantly different between the groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Extent of core temperature decrease after tourniquet deflation was dependent on the duration of tourniquet application.
Arthroscopy ; Humans ; Inflation, Economic ; Knee ; Tourniquets*

BACKGROUND: Venous lidocaine retention with tourniquet has a possibility to prevent propofol injection pain efficiently. We performed the study to assess the efficacy of various intravenous lidocaine pretreatment methods with tourniquet on reducing propofol-induced injection pain, especially the effect of varying the concentration and dose of lidocaine. METHODS: In order to know the effect of lidocaine pretreatment with tourniquet on prevention of propofol-induced injection pain, one hundred patients were divided into four groups by the method of pretreatment; 1% lidocaine of 1 mg/kg (lidocaine pretreatment, LPT1 n = 25); 0.5% lidocaine of 1 mg/kg (LPT2, n = 25); 1% lidocaine of 0.5 mg/kg (LPT3, n = 25); 5 ml of saline pretreatment (saline pretreatment, SPT, n = 25). After 5 minutes of pretreatment, propofol-induced pain was measured immediately after injection of 1 mg/kg propofol with tourniquet inflation and after deflation of tourniquet, and after a second injection of 1 mg/kg propofol by use of the numerical rating scale and pain score of four categories. We selected maximal values of three times measurement for comparison. RESULTS: All groups of lidocaine pretreatment (pain incidence of LPT1; 20%, LPT2; 16% and LPT3; 36%, respectively) significantly reduced the incidence of propofol-induced injection pain compared to the saline pretreatment group (96%) (P <0.05). Lidocaine pretreatment groups had dramatically lower intensity of pain compared with saline pretreatment (P <0.05). However, there were no differences among the lidocaine pretreatment groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This result indicates that lidocaine pretreatment with tourniquet has an effect on the prevention of propofol-induced injection pain. However, we recommend pretreatment with 0.5 1% lidocaine of 1 mg/kg by use of tourniquet and propofol injection immediately after deflation of the tourniquet in practice.
Humans ; Incidence ; Inflation, Economic* ; Lidocaine* ; Propofol* ; Tourniquets*