Professor 's experience in treatment of Tourette syndrome with 's scalp acupuncture were introduced. Professor believes that this disease is in category of tremor in TCM. Pathogenic wind is the key in its pathogenesis and liver, spleen and kidney are closely related. Hence, the treatment focuses on eliminating pathogenic wind and regulating the function of liver, spleen and kidney. The cerebrum is the regulation center in human body. The abnormal somatic function can be adjusted by acupuncture at the scalp area where the cerebral cortical function is projected. 's scalp acupuncture is suitable in treatment of Tourette syndrome. Such scalp acupuncture was introduced in this paper with the typical case reported so as to provide a new approach to clinical treatment.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Scalp ; Spleen ; Tourette Syndrome ; therapy

Tic disorders (TD) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that are characterized by motor and/or vocal tics in children and adolescents. The etiology and pathogenesis of TD remain unclear, and it is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic, biological, psychological, and environmental factors. The major treatment for TD includes psychoeducation, behavioral intervention, and drug treatment. To further explore the management of TD, this article reviews the research advances in psychoeducation and behavioral intervention for patients with TD.
Adolescent ; Behavior Therapy ; Child ; Humans ; Tic Disorders ; Tourette Syndrome

To introduce the clinical experience of professor SUN Shen-tian in treatment of Tourette's syndrome (TS) with acupuncture. TS is a psychosomatic disease and the core pathogenesis refers to blood deficiency producing internal wind. The disease is located in the heart and liver. Acupoints are selected according to the functional orientation of the cerebral cortex. The extrapyramidal system area is preferred for tic disorder, and the emotional area is for behavioral disorder. The treatment focuses on regulating the mind by multiple methods, including manual needling technique used the transcranial repeated acupuncture, and regulating the mind by taking multiple acupoints, Baihui (GV 20), Neiguan (PC 6), Shenmen (HT 7) and Dazhong (KI 4) are stimulated. For abdominal twitching and mental symptoms of TS children, the first and third abdominal areas are selected. The target symptoms (biao) are treated specially by local acupoints, the combination of the starting and ending acupoints of the affected meridian, or the acupoints of the meridians with same name. The modified chaihu longgu muli decoction and siwu decoction are prescribed to sooth liver, nourish blood and soothe wind. In association with the characteristics and target symptoms of TS, the sequential therapy is used with filiform needling, intradermal needling, Chinese herbal medication and psychotherapy.
Child ; Humans ; Tourette Syndrome ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Meridians ; Liver ; Psychotherapy

Acupuncture Therapy ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Torticollis ; complications ; therapy ; Tourette Syndrome ; complications ; therapy

Adolescent ; Depression ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Tourette Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore an ideal program for acupuncture treatment of Tourette's syndrome (TS).

METHODSOne hundred and two cases of TS were randomly divided into a treatment group of 68 cases and a control group of 34 cases. The treatment group were treated with acupuncture at Taichong (LR 3) and Hegu (LI 4) as main, and the control group with oral administration of heloperidol. Their therapeutic effects were compared, and changes of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) before and after treatment were investigated in the treatment group.

RESULTSAfter treatment for 3 courses, 56 cases were cured, 10 improved and 2 ineffective with an effective rate of 97.1% in the treatment group; and 15 cases were cured, 11 improved and 8 ineffective with an effective rate of 76.5% in the control group, with a very significant difference in the effective rate between the two groups (P < 0.001); after treatment, the abnormal rate of SEP decreased by 41.1% in the treatment group (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture is a very effective therapy for TS and has a certain restoring action on mild abnormal change of SEP.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Tourette Syndrome ; physiopathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo observe therapeutic effects of different needle-retained durations at scalp acupoints on Tourette syndrome (TS).

METHODSSixty-two cases of TS were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 31 cases in each group. In the observation group, the needles were retained for 2 h and in the control group, they were retained for 30 min. The middle line of forehead, middle line of vertex and lateral line 1 of vertex were selected as main acupoints, and anterior oblique line of vertex-temporal and posterior temporal line were selected as adjuvant acupoints. They were treated for 2 months, once other day. Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and Tourette Syndrome Global Scale (TSGS) were used for assessment of therapeutic effects and their therapeutic effects were compared.

RESULTSAfter treatment, YGTSS and TSGS scores had very significant changes in the two groups as compared with those before treatment (both P < 0.01), indicating an obvious improvement in kinetic Tic and vocalizing Tic. The total effective rate was 61.3% in the observation group and 67.7% in the control group with no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONScalp acupuncture therapy of both 2 h and 0.5 h retaining needle can significantly improve symptoms of TS patients, with a similar therapeutic effect.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Scalp ; Tourette Syndrome ; therapy

Most patients with Tourette's disorder experience an uncomfortable sensory phenomenon called the premonitory urge immediately before experiencing tics. It has been suggested that premonitory urges are associated with comorbidities such as obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, although these associations have been inconsistent. Most patients experience tics as a result of the premonitory urges, and after the tics occur, most patients report that the premonitory urges are temporarily relieved. As a consequence, several studies have assessed the premonitory urge and its potential therapeutic utility. Based on the concept that the premonitory urge induces tics, behavioral treatments such as Exposure and Response Prevention and Habit Reversal Therapy have been developed. However, it is still unclear whether habituation, the main mechanism of these therapies, is directly related to their effectiveness. Moreover, the observed effects of pharmacological treatments on premonitory urges have been inconsistent.
Anxiety Disorders ; Behavior Therapy ; Comorbidity ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ; Tics ; Tourette Syndrome

OBJECT: The purpose of this study was to investigate that infection with group A[beta] hemolytic streptococcus may associate the mechanisms that cause or exacerbate some cases of Tourette's disorder and to evaluate the treatment effect of IG therapy, comparing between IG therapy and drug therapy. METHOD: The subjects were divided into three groups composing of the groups with increasing level of ASO titer and the group with normal level of ASO titer, treating with antipsychotics. Children with infection-triggered exacerbation of Tourette's disorder were assigned treatment with IVIG (400mg/kg/daily on 5 consecutive days) or antipsychotic drugs. Symptom severity was rated at baseline, and at 4weeks, at at 8weeks after treatment by use of standard assessment scale of tics. RESULTS: 1) The motor tic score, global severity scores and overall TS impairment rating scores of YGTSS in the group with incresing level of ASO titer were related with ASO titer. 2) Immune therapy was more effective in the group with incresing level of ASO titer than antipsychotic drug therapy. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that increasing level of ASO titer, resulting from group A[beta] hemolytic streptococcal infection has affected worsening the tic symptoms in Touette's disorder and in group with increasing level of ASO titer, IVIG therapy is more effective than drug therapy.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Child ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Streptococcal Infections ; Streptococcus ; Tics* ; Tourette Syndrome*

The data on 24 Korean patient with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome are described. Main symptoms and other clinical data and EEG findings were generally consistent with those on Caucasian and other Asian patients reported by many authors and reviewers. The effectiveness of haloperidol treatment was also good. These data are thought to suggest organic etiology of this syndrome, but emotional components should not be neglected in understanding and helping patients with varied symptoms other than tic movements.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Haloperidol/therapeutic use ; Human ; Male ; Tourette Syndrome/therapy*