Dental erosion is characterized by progressively destroyed teeth, which has no relation to bacteria but to chemicals. Some internal factors, such as gastroesophageal reflux induced by bulimia, anorexia, gastrointestinal diseases, or drugs, and external factors, such as diet, drugs, and occupational acid exposure, are considered promotive factors for this disease. This article presents a patient suffering from severe dental erosion in the whole dentition, especially in the maxillary teeth, due to gastroesophageal reflux induced by glucocorticoid therapy for optic neuritis. This article discusses the mechanism between optic neuritis glucocorticoid therapy and dental erosion.
Humans ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use* ; Tooth Erosion/therapy* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications*

This clinical report presents the clinical appearance and treatment approach in a case of excessive anterior teeth erosion resulted from swimming in a poorly-chlorinated swimming pool. Clinical findings revealed tooth sensitivity, severe enamel erosion resembling veneer preparations, and the presence of anterior open bite. A novel hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic) was chosen for fabricating full-coverage crowns for this patient. After 6-months follow-up, the tooth sensitivity disappeared and the patient was satisfied with esthetic outcome. The hybrid ceramic restorations can be recommended with no complications.
Ceramics* ; Crowns ; Dental Enamel ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Open Bite ; Swimming Pools ; Swimming* ; Tooth ; Tooth Erosion*

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of fluoride mouthrinse with low pH on the surface microhardness of artificial incipient carious enamel. METHODS: Firstly, the concentration of sodium fluoride and pH values were measured in commercially available mouthrinse. Secondly, DOCTOR Clean & Fresh(R) (Jang In Pharm, co., LTD. KOREA) with 0.02% sodium fluoride and pH value below pH 4.0 was selected as the experimental group, 0.02% sodium as the positive control group and distilled water as the negative control group. Enamel samples of n vine teeth (n=36) were divided into the three groups respectively and treated with the mouthrinse solutions for 3 and 20 minutes. The surface microhardness (Vickers hardness number, VHN) was measured with microhardness tester before and after the treatments. RESULTS: The average pH of DOCTOR Clean & Fresh(R) was 3.45+/-0.00, and it was acidic enough to cause tooth erosion. The difference of surface microhardness (DeltaVHN) before and after the 20 minute treatment was statistically significant among the groups: DOCTOR Clean & Fresh(R) (12.77+/-2.25 DeltaVHN), distilled water (0.24+/-0.75 DeltaVHN), 0.02% sodium fluoride solution (-0.62+/-1.62 DeltaVHN) (P<0.05). The DOCTOR Clean & Fresh(R) group with low pH showed greater changes on the surface microhardness of the carious enamel than those of other groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that the mouthrinse with low pH can reduce the surface microhardness of incipient carious enamel.
Dental Enamel ; Fluorides ; Hardness ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Sodium ; Sodium Fluoride ; Tooth ; Tooth Erosion ; Water

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common in children. Recurrent exposure to gastric acid in GERD may contribute to tooth erosion. METHODS: In this prospective study, 54 GERD patients qualified according to endoscopy, pH-metry, and the GERD questionnaire and 58 healthy controls qualified by the GERD questionnaire were assessed. Two groups underwent dental evaluations for the presence, severity, and patterns of erosion and for the stage of dentition using a Tooth Wear Index. The health care providers who performed the dental exams did not know which children had been diagnosed with GERD. RESULTS: A total of 112 children, 3 to 12 years old were enrolled in the study, and 53 of 54 (98.1%) GERD patients and 11 of 58 (19.0%) controls had dental erosions (p<0.0001). In GERD patients, the posterior occlusal surfaces of milk teeth were more affected (p<0.0001). There was no correlation between GERD and the affected surfaces in permanent teeth, nor in the patterns or erosion grades (localized or general). In both groups, milk teeth had more erosions than permanent teeth, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: According to this study, there is a positive correlation between GERD and dental erosion. Posterior occlusal surface erosions in milk teeth could indicate GERD.
Child ; Dentition ; Endoscopy ; Gastric Acid ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Milk ; Prospective Studies ; Questionnaires ; Tooth ; Tooth Erosion ; Tooth Wear

This study was conducted to provide basic understanding regarding possible enamel erosion by three kinds of fist-aid antipyretic and analgesic medicines over a period of time, with comparison and analysis of the resulting deciduous teeth surface and microhardness changes. The analysis was performed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to examine the surface erosion and changes. The Kruskal-Wallis test show differences in surface erosion and changes after 3, 5 and 8 days of treatment as well as before and after the treatment in each group. According to the results, there was no significant difference in the early deciduous teeth enamel surface microhardness (p>0.01). However there were signigicant changes after 3, 5, and 8 days (p<0.01). Calcim (Ca) and phosphorous (P) analysis using EDX showed significant differences in the enamel characteristics according to each tissue area after 8 days (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in any of the areas for P content (p>0.05). In the surface observation with the SEM treatment with Children's Tylenol® tablet, which has the lowest pH, looked the roughest, followed by Brufen syrup for children and Children's Tylenol® suspension. Based on these results, it should be considered that antipyretic and analgesic medicines for children, which have lower pH values, may cause tooth erosion. Hence, it is necessary to give special attention to oral hygiene in young children or infants by brushing their teeth after such drugs are administered.
Child* ; Dental Enamel* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ibuprofen ; Infant ; Oral Hygiene ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ; Tooth ; Tooth Erosion ; Tooth, Deciduous

Extensive dental erosion and wear will cause serious loss of function and aesthetics in the mouth. In order to recover this condition, careful analysis of the patient's bite relationship is required. In particular, a treatment plan should be established considering the possibility of reproduction of the vertical dimension and centric relation, and appropriateness of the occlusal plane and anterior guidance. Also, the choice of prosthetic materials is an important consideration in patients with severe wear. In this case, patients with overall wear and erosion on tooth was established anterior guidance by orthodontic treatment and fully restored with monolithic zirconia, without increasing vertical dimension.
Centric Relation ; Dental Occlusion ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Mouth Rehabilitation* ; Mouth* ; Prostheses and Implants* ; Reproduction ; Tooth Erosion* ; Tooth Wear ; Tooth* ; Vertical Dimension

BACKGROUND: The market for vitamin drinks is expanding both in Korea and worldwide. However, it was difficult to find studies regarding the possibility of tooth erosion induction due to vitamin drinks. The purpose of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of tooth erosion caused by a few commercial vitamin beverages on bovine teeth enamel in terms of erosion depth and fluorescence loss. METHODS: Three experimental groups (vitamin drinks), a positive control group (Coca-Cola), and a negative control group (mineral water) were established. Each group consisted of 5 specimens obtained from sound bovine teeth. The pH and titratable acidity of beverages were measured. Specimens were immersed in the beverages and artificial saliva for 6 and 18 hours, respectively. This cycle was repeated for 5 days. The depth of the tooth loss caused by tooth erosion (erosion depth) and maximum loss of fluorescence (Max ΔF) were measured using the microscope and quantified light-induced fluorescence-digital, respectively. For the statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and ANOVA were used to compare the erosion depth and Max ΔF of the enamel surfaces. In addition, Spearman correlations were estimated. RESULTS: The pH of the three vitamin beverages ranged from 2.65 to 3.01, which is similar to that of the positive control group. All beverages, except mineral water, had sugar and acidic ingredients. Vitamin drinks and the positive control, Coca-Cola, caused tooth erosion lesions, and showed significant differences in erosion depth compared to mineral water (p<0.05). The vitamin beverages with low pH were associated with high erosion depth and Max ΔF. CONCLUSION: Vitamin drinks have the potential to cause tooth erosion.
Beverages ; Dental Enamel ; Fluorescence ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; In Vitro Techniques ; Korea ; Mineral Waters ; Saliva, Artificial ; Tooth Erosion ; Tooth Loss ; Tooth ; Vitamins

Dental erosion is frequently overlooked in clinical practice. The management of erosion-induced damage to the dentition is often delayed, such that extensive occlusal rehabilitation is required. These cases can be diagnosed by a careful clinical examination and a thorough review of the patient's medical history and/or lifestyle habits. This case report presents the diagnosis, categorization, and management of a case of gastro-esophageal reflux disease-induced palatal erosion of the maxillary teeth. The early management of such cases is of utmost importance to delay or prevent the progression of damage both to the dentition and to occlusal stability. Non-invasive adhesively bonded restorations aid in achieving this goal.
Composite Resins ; Dental Bonding ; Dentition ; Diagnosis ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Life Style ; Rehabilitation ; Splints ; Tooth ; Tooth Erosion ; Tooth Wear

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of dental erosion among college students in Guangzhou and to provide necessary information for the prevention.

METHODSA total of 1704 16-24-year-old students from six colleges or universities were assessed for dental erosion. Data on the social economical status, eating habits, oral hygiene habits, and other related factors were obtained through questionnaire. The influencing factors were analyzed by chi(2)-test and logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSFive hundreds and one of the 1704 subjects suffered from dental erosion (29.4%). The teeth most frequently affected were the upper and lower incisors and first mandibular molar. For tooth surfaces were incisal/occlusal surfaces [66.1% (5491/8311)] and labial/buccal surfaces [31.0% (2574/8311)]. Logistic regression analysis showed that female, those who were not the only child in the family, and students who consumed carbonated drinks more than once per week or drank 500 ml or more of acidic beverages per week were more likely to have dental erosion.

CONCLUSIONSControl of the consuming of acidic beverages is an important measure for the prevention of dental erosion.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Prevalence ; Tooth Erosion ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of tooth erosion of Xuzhou city's children.

METHODSThe stratified, cluster and random sampling methods were performed. The prevalence of tooth erosion of 1,219 5-year-old children and 786 12-year-old children in Xuzhou city were examined by one qualified dentist. The results of clinical examination were recorded by schedule table. The risk factors of tooth erosion were investigated by questionnaire and analyzed by Logistic regression model.

RESULTSIn 5-year-old children group, the prevalence of tooth erosion was 10.91%. In 12-year-old children group, the prevalence of tooth erosion was 22.14%. The ranking of tooth erosion were mostly class 1 and class 2. The tooth erosions of class 3 and above were rare. The odds rations for tooth erosion were: Acidic fruits, 1.120; acidophilous milk, 1.062; sport drinks, 1.159; carbonated drinks, 1.151; fruit juice, 1.187; drinking acidic drinks or acidophilous milk before sleeping, 6.102; gastroesophageal reflux disease, 2.311; vitamin C, 1.565; supply chalybeate, 1.598.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of tooth erosions in Xuzhou is extensive. Oral health education and drink and food guidance should be strengthened. The amount and frequency of intake of acidic food and drink should be reduced to promote oral health.

Carbonated Beverages ; Child ; China ; Dental Enamel ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Tooth Erosion