To investigate the developmental stages of dental and skeletal maturation by ages and the correlations among dental maturity, skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae, and that of hand-and-wrist, the author used the cephalograms, orthopantomograms, and hand-and-wrist radiograms of 1055 patients (male 458, female 597) aged 7 to 29 years old. In the cephalograms, the skeletal maturity stages of each bone were mainly assessed by Hassel and Farman's cervical vertebrae maturation indicators (CVMI) method. In the orthopantomograms, the dental maturity stages of each tooth were mainly assessed by Nolla's tooth calcification stages method. In the hand-and-wrist radiograms, the skeletal maturity stages of each bone were mainly assessed by Fishman's skeletal maturity indicators (SMI) method. The results were as follows. 1. There was a high correlation among dental maturity, skeletal maturity of cervical vertbrae, and that of hand-and-wrist in the both sexes (p<0.001). 2. There was a high correlation (r=0.91-0.93) between skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae, and that of hand-and-wrist. 3. There was a high correlation (r>0.8) between skeletal maturity of hand-and-wrist and maturity of upper and lower canine, first premolar, and second premolar. 4. There was high a correlation(r=0.8) between skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae and maturity of upper canine. 5. By the age, dental maturity, skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae, and that of hand-and-wrist were obtained in the both sexes. In summary, dental maturity, skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae, and that of hand-and-wrist are of sufficient diagnostic worth as an index to predict adolescent growth
Adolescent ; Adult ; Bicuspid ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Female ; Humans ; Tooth ; Tooth Calcification

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the timing and sequence of eruption of permanent canine and premolars, and to evaluate tooth calcification stage on emergence in Korean children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample was comprised of 1,266 children (male 720, female 546) aged from 7-13 years. Tooth eruption and calcification stages were determined through oral and panoramic radiographic examination, respectively. Probit analysis was used to calculate the timing of tooth eruption and tooth calcification stage from these cross-sectional data. RESULTS: In both males and females, eruption occurred around the time when one third of tooth root or more was formed. The sequence was as follows: first premolar, canine, and second premolar in maxilla, and canine, first premolar and second premolar in mandible. Tooth eruption occurred earlier in girls compared with boys, averaging 0.63 years. CONCLUSION: Eruption sequence is identical in males and females with a trend for females to erupt earlier than males. Tooth eruption becomes earlier over the past decades in Korean children.
Aged ; Bicuspid ; Child ; Dentition, Permanent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Tooth ; Tooth Calcification ; Tooth Eruption ; Tooth Root

PURPOSE: This study investigated the possible correlation between the mineralization of the second molars and the chronological age of a sample population of the state of Paraiba, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One thousand eight hundred fifty-four digitized panoramic images using a scanner of a private dental radiology service were obtained in six months. Of these, 457 were selected from patients aged 4.6 to 16 years who met certain criteria. The images were assessed twice by a radiologist with 5 years experience. A minimum interval of 30 days between the evaluations of the same patient was established. To analyze the relationship between chronological age, calcification level proposed by Demirjian et al in 1973, gender, and tooth, a multiple linear regression model was adjusted, taking age as the response variable (p<0.05). RESULTS: The gender and calcification level were significantly correlated with the age of the patients (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the average age of the patients' upper teeth compared to the lower ones in both genders (p<0.05). The dental development occurred earlier in female individuals than in male ones, and there was no significant difference between the right and left second permanent molars. CONCLUSION: It was observed that ethnic variables are related to certain parameters of age and sex identification in the Brazilian population, providing important information for forensic evaluations.
Age Determination by Teeth ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Male ; Molar ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Tooth ; Tooth Calcification

We present the binding ability of a new peptide (CMPQVMPMC-) with dental enamel after being evaluated in the present study. Under a standard procedure, the recovery of M13 filamentous phage was greatly enhanced by displaying the peptide in phage coat protein p III. Then the cyclic peptide was synthesized using a solid method. The effect of the cyclic peptide in vitro biomineralization was tested in a single-diffusion microtiter plate gel system. Absorbance at 405 nm of each sample was recorded for 24 h at every 6 h intervals. The relatively increased values of each sample were expressed as percentages relative to the blank group (100%). The cyclic peptide resulted in a concentration-dependent delayed nucleation. In addition, the overall values of peptide groups at the end of 24 h were lower than those in the control group but much higher than those in the BSA control group.
Dental Enamel ; chemistry ; Peptides ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Protein Binding ; Tooth Calcification

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital panoramic radiography (DPR) for the detection of pulp stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DPR and CBCT images of 202 patients were randomly selected from the database of our department. All teeth were evaluated in sagittal, axial, and coronal sections in CBCT images. The systemic condition of patients, the presence of pulp stones, the location of the tooth, the group of teeth, and the presence and depth of caries and restorations were recorded. The presence of pulp stones in molar teeth was compared between DPR and CBCT images. RESULTS: Pulp stones were identified in 105 (52.0%) of the 202 subjects and in 434 (7.7%) of the 5,656 teeth examined. The prevalence of pulp stones was similar between the sexes and across various tooth locations and groups of teeth (P>.05). A positive correlation was observed between age and the number of pulp stones (ρ=0.277, P < .01). Pulp stones were found significantly more often in restored or carious teeth (P < .001). CBCT and DPR showed a significant difference in the detection of pulp stones (P < .001), which were seen more often on DPR than on CBCT. CONCLUSION: DPR, as a 2D imaging system, has inherent limitations leading to the misinterpretation of pulp stones. Restored and carious teeth should be carefully examined for the presence of pulp stones. CBCT imaging is recommended for a definitive assessment in cases where there is a suspicion of a pulp stone on DPR.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Pulp Calcification ; Humans ; Molar ; Prevalence ; Radiography ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Tooth

PURPOSE: In this study, we aimed to develop dental charts for Turkish children and young adults of both genders within the age group of 4.5-22.5 years according to tooth mineralization and eruption in a format similar to that proposed by AlQahtani et al. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 753 digital panoramic radiographs from 350 males and 403 females were assessed. The permanent teeth were evaluated according to the classification system described by Demirjian et al. The eruption stage was assessed with Bengston's system, which was modified by AlQahtani et al at four points. RESULTS: Teeth generally developed earlier in females than in males. This was particularly notable in the age group of 5-14 years. However, this difference was usually visible in only one stage, not in all teeth. It has been determined that the mixed dentition period ended with the shedding of the second deciduous molars in both genders. CONCLUSION: The dental charts presented here included information that could be beneficial to dental clinicians in making appropriate diagnosis and planning orthodontic and surgical procedures. These charts also provided datasets for preliminary dental age estimation in Turkish children and young adults.
Age Determination by Teeth ; Child* ; Classification ; Dataset ; Dentition, Mixed ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Molar ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Tooth Calcification ; Tooth Eruption ; Tooth* ; Young Adult*

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of calcification of autogenous bone marrow stem cell transplantation in periodontal tissue regeneration.

METHODSBone marrow stem cells derived from the same dog were cultured with alpha-MEM. 1 x 10(7) cells of first passage were allowed to attach to the collagen membrane for 24 hours. The membrane-cells were transplanted into periodontal defect in the same dog. Then the defects were covered with e-pTFE membranes. The defects covered only with e-pTFE without membrane-cells were served as control. Eighteen teeth of 6 dogs for every group were studied. The dogs were sacrificed after 6 weeks.

RESULTSThe results showed that new bone formation in test group was significantly higher than that of control group. The calcification of new bone in test group was better than control group.

CONCLUSIONSThe results suggested that autogenous bone marrow stem cell transplantation with guided tissue regeneration technique could enhance periodontal tissue regeneration and could form new bone tissue fast and could shorten times of periodontal tissue regeneration in dogs.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; therapy ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Bone Regeneration ; Dogs ; Male ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Tooth Calcification ; Transplantation, Autologous

Enamel crystals are unique in shape, orientation and organization. They are hundreds of thousands times longer than they are wide, run parallel to each other, are oriented with respect to the ameloblast membrane at the mineralization front and are organized into rod or interrod enamel. The classical theory of amelogenesis postulates that extracellular matrix proteins shape crystallites by specifically inhibiting ion deposition on the crystal sides, orient them by binding multiple crystallites and establish higher levels of crystal organization. Elements of the classical theory are supported in principle by in vitro studies; however, the classical theory does not explain how enamel forms in vivo. In this review, we describe how amelogenesis is highly integrated with ameloblast cell activities and how the shape, orientation and organization of enamel mineral ribbons are established by a mineralization front apparatus along the secretory surface of the ameloblast cell membrane.
Ameloblasts ; chemistry ; cytology ; Amelogenesis ; physiology ; Basement Membrane ; chemistry ; Crystallization ; Dental Enamel ; chemistry ; Dental Enamel Proteins ; secretion ; Humans ; Tooth Calcification

The present report presents a case of dens invaginatus (DI) in a patient with 4 maxillary incisors. A 24-year-old female complained of swelling of the maxillary left anterior region and discoloration of the maxillary left anterior tooth. The maxillary left lateral incisor (tooth #22) showed pulp necrosis and a chronic apical abscess, and a periapical X-ray demonstrated DI on bilateral maxillary central and lateral incisors. All teeth responded to a vitality test, except tooth #22. The anatomic form of tooth #22 was similar to that of tooth #12, and both teeth had lingual pits. In addition, panoramic and periapical X-rays demonstrated root canal calcification, such as pulp stones, in the maxillary canines, first and second premolars, and the mandibular incisors, canines, and first premolars bilaterally. The patient underwent root canal treatment of tooth #22 and non-vital tooth bleaching. After a temporary filling material was removed, the invaginated mass was removed using ultrasonic tips under an operating microscope. The working length was established, and the root canal was enlarged up to #50 apical size and obturated with gutta-percha and AH 26 sealer using the continuous wave of condensation technique. Finally, non-vital bleaching was performed, and the access cavity was filled with composite resin.
Abscess ; Bicuspid ; Dental Pulp Calcification ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Dental Pulp Necrosis ; Female ; Gutta-Percha ; Humans ; Incisor ; Tooth ; Tooth Bleaching ; Ultrasonics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) in inducing dentinal mineralization.

METHODSHuman DPP was combined with EAH-Sepharose 4B beads and its function of inducing mineralization was studied in mineralization system in-vitro. The mineral formed on the surface of the beads was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the structure was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and plasma emission spectrum.

RESULTSThere was mineral formed on the beads with combined DPP and the mineral was calcium phosphates whose ratio of calcium to phosphate was 1.33. The diffractogram of the formed mineral was more similar to hydroxyapatite than to other calcium phosphates.

CONCLUSIONWhen tightly combined with certain support substance, human DPP can induce mineralization.

Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Dentin ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Dentinogenesis ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Minerals ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Phosphoproteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Tooth Calcification ; X-Ray Diffraction