From January to June 2000, 30 patients with discolored teeth were applied bleaching their teeth at home with Nuprogold 10-15%. The most common cause of discolored teeth was using tetracyclin, followed by flour and other factors. Results after bleaching mainly depend on the causes and level of staining. Home bleaching teeth treatment with Nuprogold (10-15%) is the best method for yellow and light brown teeth. External effects (sensitive, dull ache) mostly exist in all patients and decrease gradually after stop bleaching
Tooth ; Tooth Bleaching ; Tetracycline

Experts from Society of Prosthodontics, Chinese Stomatological Association have extensively solicited opinions, and formulated a recommended application guideline after many discussions and revisions, basing on experimental research, clinical and evidence-based medical results. This guideline formulated the standard operating procedure for tooth bleaching, to guide and standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment procedure of tooth bleaching, and to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment level and outcome of tooth bleaching, in order to effectively reduce the clinical adverse reactions of bleaching agents and promote the clinical popularization of tooth bleaching technology.
Technology ; Tooth Bleaching

OBJECTIVES: To examine the tooth whitening effects of a 3% hydrogen peroxide gel.METHODS: Twenty participants were given experimental tooth whitening gels containing 3% hydrogen peroxide, and another 20 participants, who served as the control group, were given tooth whitening gels that contained no hydrogen peroxide. Both groups used their respective whitening agents for 1 week, and tooth lightness was examined at baseline and 4 and 7 days after the experiment.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, in the experimental group, lightness values, determined using VITA classical A1-D4® and VITA SYSTEM 3D-MASTER®, were significantly increased after using the 3% hydrogen peroxide whitening agent (P < 0.01) both 5 and 7 days post-application (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: The study findings confirmed that an improved tooth whitening effect could be expected with the use of a new type of whitening gel containing 3% hydrogen peroxide.
Bleaching Agents ; Gels ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Hydrogen ; Tooth Bleaching ; Tooth ; Toothpastes

Dental Research ; Humans ; Tooth Bleaching

OBJECTIVETo analyze whether Vitapan Classical shade guide could be used to evaluate effectively the effect of tooth whitening.

METHODSA total of 67 patients underwent Beyond cold light tooth whitening between February 2009 and July 2014. The effect of treatment was evaluated by Vitapan Classical shade guide. The percentage of discolored teeth that could not be matched by the aforementioned shade guide was calculated. By contrast, the color difference between discolored teeth and corresponding shade tabs was calculated for discolored teeth that could be matched by the shade guide.

RESULTSApproximately 64% (16/25) of tetracycline teeth and 28% (17/61) of mottled-enamel teeth could not be matched using the Vitapan Classical shade guide, but yellow teeth were all matched, and the difference between any pair of teeth was statistically significant (P=0.000). For discolored teeth that could be matched, statistically significant difference was found in the ΔL*, Δb*, and ΔE between tetracycline and yellow teeth, as well as between tetracycline and mottled-enamel teeth. However, no statistically significant difference was found between mottled-enamel and yellow teeth. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was found in the Δa* among the three groups.

CONCLUSIONVitapan Classical shade guide could not be used to evaluate effectively the effect of tooth whitening, especially for tetracycline and mottled-enamel teeth. The evaluating method should be improved.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to observe the decrease in tooth color after home and office bleaching due to consumption of juice, soda, and coffee over a period of one year. METHODS: We obtained written consent from 30 subjects, who were divided into two groups i.e., home bleaching and office bleaching groups. They were treated with opalessence® and Zoom2 whitening gel, and the color of their teeth was assessed using shade Eye-NCC over a one-year period. A self-describing questionnaire was used to determine the frequency of juice, soda, and coffee consumption. RESULTS: The changes in color were measured before and after 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Although the tooth color slightly changed after 12 months, the teeth were brighter than the original color. Consumption of juices, sodas, and coffee is thought to be associated with decrease in tooth color, although the change was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The ΔE* values showed that the tooth bleaching effect remained for 12 months. Consuming a normal amount of juice, sodas, and coffee does not significantly reduce tooth color after tooth bleaching.
Coffee ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Tooth Bleaching* ; Tooth*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of bleaching technique on vital tooth pulp.

METHODSA total of 40 vital teeth extracted for orthodontics were selected, of which, 10 teeth without any treatment served as control, 15 teeth were extracted instantly after bleaching and 15 teeth were extracted 7 days after bleaching. Slides were made from all these three groups and subject to pathological examination under microscope.

RESULTSNo clinical symptoms were found in all the teeth before and after bleaching. All teeth in the three groups showed normal pulp on pathological examination.

CONCLUSIONSBleaching did not affect vital tooth pulp and is a safe technique.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of whitening mouth rinses alone and in combination with conventional whitening treatments on color, microhardness, and surface roughness changes in enamel specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 108 enamel specimens were collected from human third molars and divided into 9 groups (n = 12): 38% hydrogen peroxide (HP), 10% carbamide peroxide (CP), 38% HP + Listerine Whitening (LW), 10% CP + LW, 38% HP + Colgate Plax Whitening (CPW), 10% CP + CPW, LW, CPW, and the control group (CG). The initial color of the specimens was measured, followed by microhardness and roughness tests. Next, the samples were bleached, and their color, microhardness, and roughness were assessed. Data were analyzed through 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA; microhardness and roughness) and 1-way ANOVA (color change), followed by the Tukey post hoc test. The Dunnett test was used to compare the roughness and microhardness data of the CG to those of the treated groups. RESULTS: Statistically significant color change was observed in all groups compared to the CG. All groups, except the LW group, showed statistically significant decreases in microhardness. Roughness showed a statistically significant increase after the treatments, except for the 38% HP group. CONCLUSIONS: Whitening mouth rinses led to a whitening effect when they were used after conventional treatments; however, this process caused major changes on the surface of the enamel specimens.
Dental Enamel ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Molar, Third ; Mouth ; Tooth Bleaching Agents ; Tooth Bleaching ; Tooth ; Urea

When a tooth shows discoloration and does not respond to the cold test or electric pulp test (EPT) after a traumatic injury, its diagnosis can be even more difficult due to the lack of proper diagnostic methods to evaluate its vitality. In these case reports, we hope to demonstrate that ultrasound Doppler might be successfully used to evaluate the vitality of the tooth after trauma, and help reduce unnecessary endodontic treatments. In all three of the present cases, the teeth were discolored after traumatic injuries and showed negative responses to the cold test and EPT. However, they showed distinctive vital reactions in the ultrasound Doppler test during the whole observation period. In the first case, the tooth color returned to normal, and the tooth showed a positive response to the cold test and EPT at 10 wk after the injury. In the second case, the tooth color had returned to its normal shade at 10 wk after the traumatic injury but remained insensitive to the cold test and EPT. In the third case, the discoloration was successfully treated with vital tooth bleaching.
Diagnosis ; Hope ; Methods ; Tooth Bleaching ; Tooth Discoloration ; Tooth* ; Ultrasonography*

OBJECTIVEUsing tooth whitening agents (bleaching clip) in vitro and acidic drinks, we conducted a comparative study of the changes in enamel surface morphology, Ca/P content, and hardness.

METHODSTooth whitening glue pieces, cola, and orange juice were used to soak teeth in artificial saliva in vitro. Physiological saline was used as a control treatment. The morphology of the four groups was observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) immediately after the teeth were soaked for 7 and 14 d. The changes in Ca/P content and microhardness were analyzed.

RESULTSThe enamel surfaces of the teeth in the three test groups were demineralized. The Ca/P ratio and the average microhardness were significantly lower than those of the control group immediately after the teeth were soaked (P < 0.05). The Ca/P ratio and microhardness gradually increased after 7 d. No significant difference was observed between the control group and the test groups after 14 d (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBleaching agents caused transient demineralization of human enamel, but these agents could induce re-mineralization and repair of enamel over time. Demineralization caused by bleaching covered a relatively normal range compared with acidic drinks and daily drinking.