Objective To explore the expression and significance of HDGF and ADAM9 in esophageal cancer.Methods HDGF and ADAM9 expression in 113 patients with esophageal cancer (78 males and 35 females) with ages ranging from 28 to 87 years,averaged (61.2 ± 8.6) years,were analyzed by SP immunohistoehemical staining.Results The positive rates of HDGF and ADAM9 in esophageal cancer (78.8％ and 68.1％ respectively) were significantly higher than those in normal tissue(all were 30％).ADAM expressions were not correlated with age,sex,tissue types,lymph nodes metastasis,location and tumor size (P ＞ 0.05) ;the positive expression rate of HDGF and ADAM9 was related to differentiation,PT stages,and 5-year survival rate (P ＜0.05).HDGF was correlated with PT stage.Conclusion The expressions of HDGF and ADAM9 in esophageal cancer tissues were more higher than normal esophageal tissues,this means they could promote the development of tumor cells transformation,multiple and moving,and may be an useful tool for providing information about the targeted therapy and prognosis.

Radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors, have fallen under the spotlight in recent years. However, the combination therapy not only brings potential benefits to patients, but also alters the incidence of adverse events. At present, there is no adequate data to elucidate the incidence of adverse events in all-stage NSCLC patients. In this article, research progress on the toxicities of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for various stages of NSCLC, especially pneumonitis, was reviewed, aiming to maximize the benefits for patients with all-stage NSCLC.

Radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors, have fallen under the spotlight in recent years. How to explore the optimal combination modality of radiotherapy and immunotherapy to maximize the benefits for all-stage patients is one of the developing directions of clinical research. This article expounds the effect of radiotherapy on tumor immunology, research progress on radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for various stages of NSCLC, and the problems existing in radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy.