OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of Xujiang Xie's bloodletting therapy combined with Qingyan Lige decoction on acute pharyngitis with lung-stomach heat accumulation. METHODS: A total of 88 patients with acute pharyngitis of lung-stomach heat accumulation were randomly divided into an observation group (44 cases, 4 cases dropped out) and a control group (44 cases, 4 cases dropped out). The control group was treated with oral Qingyan Lige decoction, 150 mL each time, twice a day for 6 continuous days. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, Xujiang Xie's bloodletting therapy was applied at bilateral Shaoshang (LU11), Shangyang (LI1), and Erjian (EX-HN6) in the observation group, 0.1-0.5 mL of bloodletting per site, once every other day for 3 times in total. The TCM symptom and sign score, complete blood count (white blood cell [WBC] count, neutrophilic granulocyte percentage [NE%]), inflammation indexes (serum levels of C-reactive protein[CRP], interleukin[IL]-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) and immune indexes (？？, ？？, ？？) of the two groups were observed before treatment and after 6 days of treatment, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: After 6 days of treatment, the sore throat scores, redness and swelling scores of pharyngeal mucosa and uvula, pharyngeal dry and burning scores, hyperemia scores of posterior pharyngeal lymphoid follicles, chill and fever scores, total scores of TCM symptom and sign, WBC count, NE%, CRP, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and ？？ in both groups were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), the above indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.001). After 6 days of treatment, the levels of ？？ and ？？ in both groups were increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the above indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.001). The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.0% (38/40), which was higher than 90.0% (36/40) in the control group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Xujiang Xie's bloodletting therapy combined with Qingyan Lige decoction could improve the symptoms in patients with acute pharyngitis of lung-stomach heat accumulation, inhibit inflammatory response and improve immune function.
Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Male ; Female ; Pharyngitis/drug therapy* ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Bloodletting ; Young Adult ; Lung/drug effects* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Interleukin-6 ; Adolescent ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Acute Disease/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome

Radical pelvic surgery is a surgical method mainly used to treat tumors in the pelvic cavity, and erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common sexual dysfunction after surgery. The incidence of ED after radical pelvic surgery is not uniformly understood due to differences in surgical approaches and methods of investigation. The main causes of postoperative ED include intraoperative neurovascular injury, psychosomatic factors and preoperative patient characteristics, with intraoperative injury to the neurovascular bundle being the most common. Studies have shown that the occurrence of postoperative ED can be prevented by active intervention, but still lack of effective treatment measures. This article reviews and summarizes the clinical epidemiological features and research progress in recent years on ED after radical pelvic surgery, and discusses specific measures for the prevention and treatment of postoperative ED.

Objective: To explore the association between self-reported gingival bleeding and prevalent hypertension among adults in Zhejiang with a cross-sectional study. Methods: After excluding participants with self-reported, physician-diagnosed heart diseases, stroke, diabetes, cancer, and those who never or rarely brush their teeth at baseline study, 48 625 participants aged 30-79 in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study from Tongxiang, Zhejiang were included for the final analysis. Three multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the associations of self-reported gingival bleeding with prevalent hypertension. Results: The mean age of women was (51.2±9.2) years, and 42.9% of participants had prevalent hypertension. The percentage of self-reported frequent gingival bleeding was 6.56% (95%CI: 6.38%-6.75%), significantly higher among women (8.08%, 95%CI: 7.82%-8.35%) than among men (4.36%, 95%CI: 4.12%-4.60%) (P<0.001). After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, behavioral lifestyle, sleep duration, BMI, waist circumference, snoring, in comparison with men whose gingivae never or rarely bleed while brushing teeth, the odds ratio (95%CI) of hypertension for those with occasional, and frequent gingival bleeding were 1.04 (0.96-1.12) and 1.18 (1.02-1.37), respectively (trend P =0.038). The corresponding figures for women were 0.96 (0.91-1.02) and 0.95 (0.86-1.05), respectively (trend P=0.344). Conclusion: Frequent gingival bleeding was positively associated with prevalent hypertension among men.
Adult ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Gingival Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Self Report

It has been shown that aerobic glycolysis (AG) plays an important role in the pathogenesis and resistance mechanism of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in recent years. Signaling pathway related to abnormal activation of AG can increase the level of AG in lymphatic and hematopoietic cells, while the enzymes related to the activity of AG are involved in the pathogenesis and prognosis of NHL. Drugs that inhibit AG can also inhibit NHL cells . Drugs inhibiting AG may increase the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents and prevent drug resistance. In this article, the role of signaling pathway proteins and regulatory genes related to AG in the pathogenesis and drug resistance of NHL are reviewed, and the AG as a target in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of NHL is discussed.
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Glycolysis ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; physiopathology ; Signal Transduction

Objective: To investigate the correlation between age-related hearing loss and cognitive impairment. Methods: 201 elderly patients, who were admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Peking University People′s Hospital from March 1, 2017 to March 31, 2017, were evaluated with hearing screening and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale. Among them, 101 were female and 100 were male, aged 60-90 years old. Taking the cognitive level as the dependent variable, and taking the age, sex, education, occupation, marital status, residence, and average hearing loss (average hearing threshold of 500, 1 000, 2 000, and 4 000 Hz), as well as the length of conscious hearing loss as the independent variables, the single factor analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to screen the main factors affecting the cognitive level of the elderly. Results: Of the 201 elderly patients, 39 had normal hearing, 65 had mild hearing loss, 80 had moderate hearing loss, 16 had severe hearing loss, and 1 had profound hearing loss. The average degree of hearing loss was the influencing factor of cognitive impairment, and it mainly affected the directional force and abstract ability in the cognitive domains (P<0.05); The age, self-reported hearing loss, years of education, marital status, past ear diseases, and hypertension were relatively independent factors that affected the cognitive level(P<0.05). Conclusions Age-related hearing loss is the risk factor for the cognitive impairment, especially for abstraction and orientation, in the elderly. The self-reported hearing loss is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment.

Objective To compare the efficacy of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and internal fixation with locking plate in the treatment of elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture. Methods Totally 90 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the PFNA group received PFNA, and patients in locking plate group were treated with internal fixation of locking plate. Perioperative indicators, complications, the Harris score and long-term prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results The operation time, length of incision, intra-operative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, time to walking and fracture healing time in the PFNA group were significantly better than those in the locking plate group (P ＜ 0. 05 or P ＜ 0. 01). The total score of Harris, physical function, physical pain and overall health score at final follow up in the PFNA group were significantly higher than those in locking plate group (P ＜ 0. 01). The total incidence rate of complications in the PFNA group was significantly lower than that in the locking plate group (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion PFNA has less trauma, faster recovery speed and fewer complications when compared with internal fixation with locking plate.

Objective To compare the efficacy of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and internal fixation with locking plate in the treatment of elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture. Methods Totally 90 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the PFNA group received PFNA, and patients in locking plate group were treated with internal fixation of locking plate. Perioperative indicators, complications, the Harris score and long-term prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results The operation time, length of incision, intra-operative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, time to walking and fracture healing time in the PFNA group were significantly better than those in the locking plate group (P ＜ 0. 05 or P ＜ 0. 01). The total score of Harris, physical function, physical pain and overall health score at final follow up in the PFNA group were significantly higher than those in locking plate group (P ＜ 0. 01). The total incidence rate of complications in the PFNA group was significantly lower than that in the locking plate group (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion PFNA has less trauma, faster recovery speed and fewer complications when compared with internal fixation with locking plate.

Objective: To study the relationship between the average hearing of different frequencies and the audiometry staging in patients with Meniere′s disease. Methods: A total of 259 patients from 1996 to 2016 were collected .All patients underwent pure tone audiometry, of which 93 patients underwent 3 000 Hz audiometry. The patients were divided into five groups according to the frequencies of hearing(Ⅰ: 500, 1 000, 2 000, 3 000 Hz; Ⅱ: 250, 500, 1 000, 2 000, 3 000 Hz; Ⅲ: 250, 500, 1 000, 2 000; Ⅳ: 500, 1 000, 2 000, 4 000 Hz; Ⅴ: 500, 1 000, 2 000 Hz), then calculated the average audiometry and made the hearing staging. The obtained data were analyzed by chi-square test and Bonferroni correction was performed among the groups, P<0.05 was defined as a statistically significant criterion. Result: There were no significant difference between the five groups(P=0.441>0.05). Conclusions The choice of different pure tone audiometry frequency has no significant effect on the hearing staging. It would be more likely upstaging when plus 250 Hz. There is no statistically significant difference in staging between the latest guidelines and the 1995 guidelines.500, 1 000 and 2 000 Hz are recommended when 3 000 Hz examine is not available.

Objective To evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of 4 antifungal agents alone or in combination against Exophiala dermatitidis (E.dermatitidis) biofilms.Methods E.dermatitidis biofilms were prepared by using a modified 96-well plate-based method.The in vitro antifungal activity of amphotericin B,voriconazole,itraconazole and caspofungin alone or in combination against E.dermatitidis biofilms were investigated via the broth microdilution checkerboard technique.Results The sessile minimum inhibitory concentration ranges resulting in 50％ (SMICS0) and 80％ inhibition (SMIC80) of E.dermatitidis biofilms were all ＞ 32 mg/L for itraconazole,voriconazole and caspofungin,and the SMIC50 and SMIC80 ranges of amphotericin B were 1-2 mg/L and 4-8 mg/L respectively.The combination of amphotericin B with voriconazole showed synergistic inhibitory effects against E.dermatitidis biofilms,while the combination of amphotericin B with itraconazole or caspofungin,as well as the combination of voriconazole with caspofungin,revealed no synergistic effects.No antagonistic effect was observed in any of the combinations.Conclusion Amphotericin B appears more active against E.dermatitidis biofilms,and the combination with voriconazole can enhance the anti-biofilm effects against E.dermatitidis biofilms.

Objective To evaluate the in vitro effects of photodynamic therapy alone or in combination with antifungal agents on the apoptosis of planktonic and biofilm cells of Exophiala dermatitidis (E.dermatitidis).Methods The planktonic suspensions of E.dermatitidis were prepared,and the biofilms of E.dermatitidis were prepared via a modified 96-well plate-based methods.Planktonic and biofilm cells of E.dermatitidis were separately divided into several groups:antifungal agent groups treated with antifungal agents alone,photodynamic therapy group receiving photodynamic therapy alone,combination groups receiving photodynamic therapy followed by the treatment with antifungal agents,and blank control group receiving no treatment.These antifungal agents included amphotericin B,posaconazole,voriconazole and itraconazole.The concentrations of these antifungal agents were all 1 mg/L,and the treatment with antifungal agents lasted 2 hours.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was performed to detect the apoptosis of planktonic and biofilm cells of E.dermatitidis in all the groups.Results The antifungal agents and photodynamic therapy both affected the apoptosis of planktonic (both P ＜ 0.001) and biofilm cells (beth P ＜ 0.05) of E.dermatitidis.The apoptosis rates of E.dermatitidis planktonic cells in the control group,amphotericin B group,posaconazole group,voriconazole group and itraconazole group were 11.67％ ± 0.21％,13.30％ ± 1.78％,14.30％ ± 3.61％,14.51％ ± 1.91％and 36.17％ ± 4.00％ respectively.The apoptosis rate of E.dermatitidis planktonic cells was significantly higher in the itraconazole group than in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),but no significant differences were observed between the other 3 antifungal agent groups and control group (all P ＞ 0.05).The photodynamic therapy group also showed a significantly higher apoptosis rate of E.dermatitidis planktonic cells (41.37％ ±7.80％) compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05).After the treatment with photodynamic therapy combined with amphotericin B,posaconazole,voriconazole or itraconazole,the apoptosis rates of E.dermatitidis planktonic cells were 29.23％ ± 6.71％,37.23％ ± 10.86％,43.57％ ± 6.42％ and 69.87％ ± 3.53％ respectively.Moreover,the photodynamic therapy + voriconazole group and photodynamic therapy + itraconazole group both showed significantly higher apoptosis rates compared with the voriconazole group and itraconazole group respectively (both P ＜ 0.05).The apoptosis rate of E.dermatitidis biofilm cells was significantly higher in the photodynamic therapy group than in the control group (32.00％ ± 0.43％ vs.25.30％ ± 1.31％,P ＜ 0.05),as well as in the photodynamic therapy + amphotericin B than in the amphotericin B group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Photodynamic therapy combined with antifungal agents can markedly promote the apoptosis of planktonic and biofilm cells of E.dermatitidis.