Generalized pustular psoriasis is a rare disease, even psoriasis involving oral mucosa is very rare. There are many reports of tongue lesions in patients with psoriasis that are clinically and histologically indistinguishable from geographic tongue, and there are many reports of fissured tongue in association with psoriasis. It has been debated whether oral psoriasis exists or not, or occurs as part of generalized pustular psoriasis. We experienced two cases of combined geographic tongue and fissured tongue in patient with generalized pustular psoriasis, and report these cases with review of the literature about the oral lesions in psoriasis, geographic tongue, and fissured tongue.
Glossitis, Benign Migratory* ; Humans ; Mouth Mucosa ; Psoriasis* ; Rare Diseases ; Tongue ; Tongue, Fissured*

Geographic tongue, also called benign migratory glossitis, is a common and superficial benign inflammatory disorder that affects the tongue epithelium. The majority of geographic tongue lesions typically manifest as irregular central erythematous patches. These lesions, which are caused by the loss of filiform papillae, are defined by an elevated whitish band-like border that can change location, size, and pattern over a period of time. Histological observations of the oral mucosa affected by geographic tongue revealed nonspecific inflammation. Some reports described cases of migratory stomatitis, wherein lesions simultaneously manifested on the extra lingual oral mucosa. This condition is also called ectopic geographic tongue, which is clinically and histologically similar to the type normally confined to the tongue. In most cases, patients are asymptomatic and do not require treatment. The condition may spontaneously exhibit periods of remission and exacerbation with good prognosis. The specific etiology of geographic tongue remains unknown. Geographic tongue is age-related and is prevalent among young individuals. Various etiological factors that have been suggested in literature include immunological factors, genetic factors, atopic or allergic tendency, emotional stress, tobacco consumption, hormonal disturbances, and zinc deficiency. Geographic tongue may coexist with other disorders, such as fissured tongue, psoriasis, diabetes mellitus, gastroin- testinal diseases, burning mouth syndrome, and Down syndrome. Experts currently disagree on whether geographic tongue is an oral manifestation of psoriasis. Moreover, some scholars suggest that geographic tongue is a prestage of fissured tongue. The objective of this review is to summarize current research on risk factors of geographic tongue.
Epithelium ; Female ; Glossitis, Benign Migratory ; Humans ; Mouth Mucosa ; Risk Factors ; Tongue ; Tongue, Fissured

BACKGROUND: Geographic tongue (GT) is an inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa. The clinical characteristics of GT have not been studied in Korea. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics, associated factors, and treatment outcomes of GT. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records and clinical photographs of 55 cases who had been diagnosed with GT during the last 5 years. RESULTS: Of the 55 cases, 15 were male and 40 were female. The average age of onset was 29.3 years, and the highest incidence occurred in the 10~19 age group. The clinical type without circinate border was found in 67.3% of the cases and the clinical type with circinate border in 32.7% of the cases. Fissured tongue was found in 40% of the cases. Except for the 11 asymptomatic cases, the rest of the cases complained of various symptoms related to pain, irritation, and sensory changes. Hot, spicy or salty food acted as an aggravating factor in 74.5% of the cases and fatigue or stress in 61.8% of the cases. The majority of our cases (80.0%) were treated with topical steroid or steroid gargle or with a combination of both, and improvement was observed in 75.0% of this group. CONCLUSION: This is the first clinical study of GT in Korean literature. This study showed differences with previous studies in the proportion of cases with symptoms and aggravating factors. This study also suggested that topical steroid or steroid gargle could be the treatment of choice for GT.
Age of Onset ; Fatigue ; Female ; Glossitis, Benign Migratory ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mouth Mucosa ; Tongue, Fissured

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases* ; Tongue Neoplasms ; Tongue*

"Leukoplakia-like" plaque on the tongue is an uncommon skin manifestation of secondary syphilis. Skin lesions of secondary syphilis usually have numerous presentations, which mimic many other skin diseases, especially in the presence of HIV co-infection. Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is characterized by corrugated whitish patches and plaques on the lateral border of the tongue. It is frequently and strongly associated with HIV but may appear in other diseases. A 47-year-old man with HIV and receiving HAART therapy developed a leukoplakia-like plaque on the tongue, which was first suggestive of OHL but was eventually diagnosed as secondary syphilis.
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Coinfection ; HIV* ; Humans ; Leukoplakia, Hairy ; Middle Aged ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Skin Manifestations ; Syphilis* ; Tongue*

Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/pathology* ; Humans ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology* ; Tongue ; Tongue Diseases

Primary systemic amyloidosis is associated with plasma cell dyscrasia, such as multiple myeloma. The amyloid fibrils in the disease are composed of amyloid light (AL) protein that is derived from immunoglobulin L chain. Cutaneous manifestations are presented in about 20~40% of patients with mainly petechia, purpura on flexural area of the body and waxy, translucent papulonodules. We report a case of primary systemic amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma occurring in a 76-year old woman who had suffered from ecchymotic purpura on periorbital and flexural area with hemorrhagic bulla for one year. She also had macroglossia with grouped papulonodules on her tongue, and peripheral neuropathy. The final diagnosis was confirmed by positive PAS, Congo-red stain and specific serum/urine electrophoresis. She had been treated with several cycles of chemotherapy; however, she expired from various complications of the disease, such as congestive heart failure, renal failure, and secondary bacterial infection.
Aged ; Amyloid ; Amyloidosis* ; Bacterial Infections ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Electrophoresis ; Female ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Macroglossia ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Paraproteinemias ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Purpura ; Renal Insufficiency ; Tongue

Cheilitis granulomatosa (CG) is a subset of orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) and considered to be a monosymptomatic form of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS), which is characterized by the triad of chronic lip swelling, facial paralysis, and fissured tongue. The labial swelling is thought to be associated with an orofacial swelling, which affects the chin, cheeks, and oral mucosa. Histologically, it is distinguished by noncaseating granulomas consisting of lymphohistiocytes and giant cells. Although systemic steroids with or without intralesional triamcinolone injections are the mainstay of treatment, and various agents have been proposed for this rare disease, no successful treatment modality has been reported in the literature yet. Herein, we present our experience with three different CG cases, which showed a varied level of positive response to the combination therapy.
Cheek ; Cheilitis ; Chin ; Facial Paralysis ; Giant Cells ; Granuloma ; Granulomatosis, Orofacial ; Lip ; Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome ; Mouth Mucosa ; Rare Diseases ; Steroids ; Tongue, Fissured ; Triamcinolone

Tongue osteocartilaginous choristoma is the disease that there are well-developed bone and cartilage in the tongue. This article reported a case of tongue osteocartilaginous choristoma in the oral-cavity,which is rare.
Cartilage ; Choristoma ; Humans ; Tongue Diseases

Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed solid organ cancer in men and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the United Kingdom. Commonly, it metastasizes to bones and lymph nodes, however, in advanced hormonerefractory disease it may involve the skull base leading to associated cranial nerve palsies. Cranial nerve palsy as the presenting feature of advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of solitary hypoglossal nerve palsy as the presenting feature of advanced prostate cancer. Neurologists, neurosurgeons and otolaryngologists may be the first clinicians to see such a patient; therefore, prostate cancer should be amongst the differential diagnoses considered in middle-aged and elderly men presenting with a cranial neuropathy and evidence of skull metastasis.
Aged ; Atrophy ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Skull ; Skull Base ; Tongue