Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 ( DPP4) in the calcification of human vascular smooth muscle cells(HVSMCs). Methods The osteogenic differentiation of HVSMCs was induced by 200 ng/ ml DPP4 as calcification model. The differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) between DPP4 group and control group were analyzed by microarray, and the microarray results of LincRNA ENST00000540293 were validated by real-time PCR. After HVSMCs were incubated with LincRNA ENST00000540293 silencing positive reagent for 48 h, the expressions of calcification-related proteins osteoprotegerin (OPG) and bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2) were detected by Western blotting and the formation of calcified nodules was observed by Alizarin red staining. Results The protein expressions of OPG and BMP-2 in HVSMCs were significantly increased after DPP4 intervention (P <0.05), with the increased formation of calcified nodules. RTqPCR showed that LincRNA ENST00000540293 expression was significantly decreased in DPP4 group as compared with the control group(P<0.05). The expressions of calcification-related proteins OPG and BMP-2 were significantly increased after LincRNA ENST00000540293 silence(P<0.05). Conclusion DPP4 may promote the calcification of HVSMC through inhibiting LincRNA ENST00000540293 expression.

ObjectiveTo determine the pathogen and phylogenetic characteristics of an uncommon outbreak of recombinant norovirus infection in Daishan County in February 2022. MethodsFluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the norovirus in the eight anal swabs collected in the outbreak. In the positive samples， reverse transcription PCR were used to amplify the norovirus. Norovirus sequences were characterized by MEGA7 and Simplot. ResultsNorovirus GⅠ was identified in all eight anal samples. It was further determined to be recombinant norovirus GⅠ.6 ［P11］， with the recombination site at the ORF1-ORF2 junction. The sequence had the highest nucleotide identity （98.75%） to a GⅠ.6［P11］ strain collected in 2018 （GenBank accession number MT357995）. ConclusionAccording to the etiological identification and phylogenetic analysis， this outbreak is confirmed to be caused by the uncommon recombinant norovirus GⅠ.6 ［P11］ in China.