Reflex sympathetic dystrophy after stroke,also called shoulder-hand syndrome(SHS),is a common complication of stroke.It is presumed that SHS is consequence of many factors,including periphery injury,effect of sympathetic never system,neurogenic inflammation,and plasticity of central nervous system.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, endoscopic manifestations, histological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of the primary gastrointestinal melanoma in China. Methods The gender, age, position, endoscopic manifestations, histological characteristics, treatment, prognosis of the primary gastrointestinal melanoma were gathered and analyzed by reviewing retrospectively the data of 2 cases seen at our hospital and 449 cases searched in CNKI from 1983 to 2015. Results The primary gastrointestinal melanoma was mostly seen in the rectum and anus, and secondly in the esophagus. A typical endoscopic finding was a protuberant or nodular tumor, with erosion or dirty surface on it. Most lesions were friable and easily hemorrhagic. The maximum diameters of most lesions, accounted for 83.3 %, were larger than 2.0 cm. The average value of the maximum diameters was (4.79 ± 2.67) cm. Most cases presented brown or black, followed by hoar. However, some lesions presented various colors, such as blue, red, even co-exited color or achromatic color. Preoperative misdiagnosed rate was 73.64 % and 1-year mortality was 54.19 %. Negative correlation was observed between survival time and lesion size, infiltration depth. Positive correlation was observed between lesion size and metastasis infiltration depth. Survival time had nothing to do with metastasis and age. Conclusion The primary gastrointestinal melanoma was highly aggressive, and usually found in the terminal age, usually together with extensive metastasis, misdiagnosed and poor prognosis. Knowing the clinical features, endoscopic manifestations, histological and immunohistochemical characteristics is the key to early diagnosis.

Objective To observe the effect of Tongbihuoluo Tang on the cerebral infarction.Methods 148cases in recovery of cerebral infarction were randomly divided into control and treated groups(each n =74),the control group was treated with conventional western medicine,while the treated group was treated with Tongbihuoluo Tang based on the conventional treatment,the course was 28d,then the clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared.Results After treatment the neurological deficit score was significantly improved compared with before treatment,the treated group was better than the control group.The efficacy of the treated group was significantly better than the control group,the total effective rate was 94.6％,which was significantly higher than 75.5％ in control group,the difference between the two groups was significant(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Tongbihuoluo Tang may be helpful to the patients on the basis of western medicine,and it was worthy to be used in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of fire needling plus moxibustion in treating prurigo nodularis. Methods Ninety patients with prurigo nodularis were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 45 cases. The treatment group received fire needling plus moxibustion and the control group, external application of halometasone ointment. Skin lesions and pruritus were scored in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the skin lesion score and the pruritus score in the two groups (P<0.01,P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the skin lesion score and the pruritus score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.01). The total efficacy rate was 81.8% in the treatment group and 60.5% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Fire needling plus moxibustion is an effective way to treat prurigo nodularis.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and relative mechanisms when constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is used in patients with upper extremity disorders after head injury, and to compare the effects of CIMT with those of traditional rehabilitation (TR). Methods Thirty-six hemiparesis patients were randomly divided into a CIMT group and a TR group. Patients in the CIMT group were treated with intensive shaping training for 5 h a day for 3 weeks, as well as having their unaffected arms constrained. Meanwhile, the patients in the TR group were treated with traditional rehabilitation with no constraint of their unaffected arms. Motor activity logs (MALs) were compiled, and the Wolf Motor Function Test ( WMFT) and Barthel Index ( BI) were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects before treatment and at 0 d, 1 month and 3 month after treatment. Results Compared with the scores before treatment, the therapeutic effects were significant in the CIMT group, and the effect lasted to the follow-up period. Significant differences were also found between the CIMT group and the TR group in the improvement of dexterity by means of WMFT, and the usage of unaffected upper extremity as recorded in the MAL. There were no significant differences in therapeutic effects between the 2 week and 3 week treatments in the CIMT group. Conclusion CIMT significantly improved upper extremity function and ability in the activities of daily living ( ADL) of hemiplegia patients in the subacute period. The effectiveness of CIMT is superior to that of traditional rehabilitation methods.

To solve separating problem of natural soda, fifty-seven strains screened from soil, floul water and activated mud were of flocculating activity. Two strains of bacteria, which were screened from above mentioned strains have higher activity and better steady than the whole culture liquid of bacteria was observed that its flocculating use to natural soda was strong and the mean flocculating rate of two strains were 79.80% and 87.% respectively.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of constraint-induced movement therapy(CIMT) on improving the flexibilty of upper extremities and the ability of daily living(ADL) of patients with hemiplegia.Methods36 patients with hemiparesis were randomized to two groups: CIMT and traditional rehabilitation(TR).In CIMT group,18 patients received intensive shaping training of 5 h/d,lasting 3 weeks, with the constraint of unaffected arms.In TR group,patients received traditional rehabilitation in the same times,without the constraint of unaffected arms. They were evaluated with Action Research Arm(ARA) Test and Barthel Index(BI) before intervention,immediate after intervention,4 and 12 weeks after intervention respectively.Patients in CIMT group were also evaluated with ARA tests 2 and 3 weeks after training.ResultsSignificant difference was found between CIMT and TR group on the improvement of ARA test(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between 2 and 3 weeks after training in CIMT group.Significant difference in BI was also found in CIMT group(P<0.01),but has not been found between CIMT and TR group.ConclusionCIMT significantly improved the flexibilty of upper extremities and ADL of patients with hemiplegia,which is superior to the traditional rehabilitation.

Objective To establish a practical and effective predictive model for predicting carotid plaque/thickened intima,and to provide a novel perspective for stroke screening.Methods A retrospective analysis of the community screening data collected from September 2012 to March 2013 was performed.The data of blood pressure,serum lipid profile and fasting blood glucose and ultrasonographic checks of carotid artery were documented.One thousand subjects were randomly sampled from totally 14 226 individuals and divided into 2 groups according to the presence of carotid plaque/thickened intima.Analysis of relevant data of subjects with Logistic regression were performed.Predictive model was established according to the odds ratio for each risk factor and evaluated by C statistics.Results In the randomly sampled 1000 subjects,164 ones were found to be with carotid plaque/thickened intima.The mean age was (60.23 ± 10.09) years old,110 (67.1％) were male.Smoker,hypertension,angina pectoris,diabetes and hyperlipidemia were seen more often in the subjects with carotid plaque/thickened intima.Logistic regression analysis showed the independent risk factors for carotid plaque/thickened intima included advanced age (OR =1.15,95％ CI:1.12-1.84,P＜0.01),male (OR=3.97,95％CI:2.49-6.33,P＜0.01),smoking (OR=1.80,95％CI:1.24-2.56,P =0.002),diabetes (OR =1.80,95％ CI:1.15-2.98,P =0.012),hypertension (OR =2.82,95％ CI:1.15-2.98,P ＜ 0.01),high total cholesterol level (OR =1.63,95％ CI:1.31-2.02,P ＜ 0.01) and high LDL-C (low density lipoprotein-cholesterol) level (OR =1.70,95 ％ CI:1.35-2.14,P ＜ 0.01).The advanced age was found to be the strongest predictive factor in this model.The C statistics of this model is 0.804,which overweighs other models previously reported.The optimal cutoff point for prediction was 3.5,with a sensitivity of 0.713 and a specificity of 0.757.Conclusion An practical and effective model for predicting carotid plaque/thickened intima established from sampling data of community residents is favorable for both stroke screening and primary stroke prevention.

Standards of TCM information plays a fundamental and critical role in TCM informatization. In recent years, the standardization of TCM information has made a series of tremendous progress. This article introduced the major work progress of TCM terminological standardization and TCM data standardization in China, and status of TCM information standardization in International Organization for Standardization and World Health Organization. The existing problems in the construction of standardization of TCM information were discussed and suggestions were proposed to solve problems: to build the basic framework of standard system of TCM information; to cultivate professionals for the researches on the international standards of TCM information; to further explore the theories and methods about standardization of TCM information.

Objective To detect the levels of plasma gelsolin(GSN),vitamin D binding protein(VDBP)and coagulation?related parameters in peripheral blood between pre?eclampsia,then analyze their relationships with the onset or development of pre?eclampsia. Methods A total of 30 women with severe pre?eclampsia(SPE)and 30 women with mild pre?eclampsia(MPE)were enrolled for the study and randomly chosen as trial group. 30 normal pregnancies with matching gestational ages were selected as control group?1 and 30 normal full?term pregnancies were randomly chosen as control group?2. The levels of GSN,VDBP,platelet(PLT),prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT),activated partial thromboplas?tin time(APTT),fibrinogen(FIB),and D?dimer were compared between those groups. Results The levels of GSN,VDBP and PLT,PT,APTT, FIB in SPE group were significantly lower than that of MPE group(P<0.05),and the level of D?dimer was significantly higher(P<0.05). In healthy pregnant women between control group?1 and control group?2,GSN fell during gestational weeks,with a concomitant rise in VDBP with no significance(P>0.05). There were no statistical difference among all the levels of coagulation?related parameters in healthy pregnant women(P>0.05). Conclusion GSN and VDBP levels in pre?eclampsia are significantly lower than that of normal pregnant women,along with pathological hy?percoagulative state,and which are related to severity of disease.