Objective To evaluate the effect of maternal separation stress on the behavior of neonatal rd mice.Methods Neonatal rd mice were divided into maternal separation (MS) group (n=9) and control group (n=9).MS-stress was induced in the MS group by 4-hour-separation per day for 28 days.Open field test,elevated plus maze test,forced swim test and tail suspension test were used to evaluate the anxiety-like and depression-like behavior of the neonatal rd mice.Results The stay time and distance travelled of MS group in the central zone were 0.88％ and 28.17±5.65 cm,respectively,significantly shorter than that of the control group (2.61％,109.9±9.79 cm.P =0.04,P =0.001).Compared with the control group,the stay time in open arms of the MS group was significantly decreased (P<0.01),while the immobility time in forced swim test and tail suspension test of the MS group were 126.5±10.22 s and 21.56±6.83 s,significantly longer than that of the control group (77.75±16.83 s,P =0.02,7.37±3.22 s,P =0.03).Conclutions The 28-day maternal separation stress can significantly increase the anxiety-like and depression-like behavior in neonatal rd mice.

Objective To evaluate if high energy spectral CT images of contrast-enhanced phase could replace the plain scan for radiation dose reduction in children with solid tumor in abdomen.Methods Thirty children with solid tumor in the abdomen underwent CT scan.Plain CT scan was performed as usual,and the contrast-enhanced scan was performed with spectral CT imaging mode.Eleven sets of monochromatic images were reconstructed from the enhanced spectral CT with energies from 40 to 140 keV with 10 keVinterval.CT values for liver,spleen,kidney,pancreas,muscle,vessel and tumors were measured on both the plain and contrast-enhanced spectral images and were statistically compared.Two board-certified radiologists reviewed both plain and contrast-enhanced spectral images for image quality,calcification and tumor characterization.Radiation dose was recorded(CTDIvol,DLP).Pair t test was used to analyze the difference.Results At 140 keV,CT values of the contrast-enhanced spectral images had good correlations with those of plain scan for various organs.The paired CT values between the 140 keV and plain phaseimages were (62.8± 1.1 vs.59.8±4.0),(69.4±2.6vs.63.1 ±5.6),(52.7 ±5.1 vs.51.4±4.0),(35.4± 5.9 vs.35.7 ±5.3),(51.4±8.6vs.50.0±5.7),(55.5±6.6vs.54.7±5.7) and (33.2± 10.4vs.35.4± 12.1) HU for vessel,liver,spleen,kidney,pancreas,muscleand tumor,respectively.There was no significant difference between two groups(t=0.335 to 2.127,P＞0.05).140 keV images of the contrast-enhanced spectral scan in pediatric tumor patients provided adequate image quality (4.4±0.8 points and 3.7±0.5 points)for describing solid tumor features and calcification.The radiation dose of plain phase and contrast-enhanced phase were [CTDIvol (1.6±0.8) mGy,DLP(46.4±36.8)mGy·cm and CTDIvol(12.7±0.1)mGy,DLP(378.6±91.4)mGy·cm.Conclusion It isfeasible to replace plain CT with 140 keV contrast-enhanced spectral images to reduce 10％ radiation dose.

Objective To understand the mechanism of how cardiomyocytes exit from the cell cycle,we examined the expression of polo-like kinase 1(plk1) in the postnatal developmental process of cardiac myocytes. Methods Mitotic Index(MI) of cardiomyocytes was examined in the neonatal,2-week-old,4-week-old,and adult rat hearts(five cases per groups) by double immunofluorescence stained with H3P and ?-sarcomeric actin antibodies.plk1 mRNA and protein expression during the postnatal developmental process of cardiac myocytes were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis in rat hearts. Results The MI of cardiomyocytes in 0-day-old hearts(0.905?0.087%) was approximately 2.4 times over that in 2-week-old hearts(0.372?0.094%)(P

Objective To explore the features and rehabilitation of dystonia after cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Methods A case was reviewed combined with literatures. Results and Conclusion The patient presented deformation dystonia after thrombolysis, and the function improved after botulinum toxin injection and rehablitation.

Objective To explore the effect and safety of transcranial approach for spheno-orhital meningioma. Design Retro- spective case series. Participants Thirty-two patients being operated with transcranial approach. Twenty-four cases were meningothelial meningiomas, 3 cases were fibrous meningiomas, 1 case was psammomatous meningioma, 2 cases were atypital meningiomas, 2 case were malignant meningiomas. Methods All patients underwent frontal-temporal craniotomy, the involved sphenoid wing bone and peri- orbit were removed to prevent recurrence. The superior orbital fissure and optic canal were decompressed, the dural and periorbital de- feet were repaired by autogenous temporal fascia or artificial dura. Main Outcome Measures Preoperative and postoperative exoph- thalmus and eyeball movement, the extent of tumor resection, the ratio of recurrence. Results The extent of tumor resection: 8 cases were Simpson gradeⅡ, 20 cases Simpson gradeⅢ, 4 cases Simpson grade IV. After surgery, proptosis were improved in all patients, ophthalmoplegia was found in 6 eases. There was no operation-related death or other significant complication. Tumor recurred in 6 cas- es. Conclusions Adequate exposure of the tumor and bony decompression of the cranial nerves can result from transcranial approach, all the involved bone should be removed in order to prevent recurrence. This approach is relatively safe and the ptoptosis are improved significantly. Complete surgical resection is difficult because of the involvement of the orbital apex, superior orbital fissure and cav- ernous sinus.

Objective To identify the normal breast tissue and breast fibroadenoma tissue by shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS),and to explore the biological characteristics of FD and the identification method by discussing its spectroscope characteristics.Methods The frozen section of 26 patients (all female,aged 19-59 years)were obtained by routine surgical resection.9 cases of normal tissue and 17 cases of breast fibroadenoma tissue were detected by Raman spectroscopy and then SHINERS technique was utilized.A total of 243 Raman and 273 SHINERS spectra were obtained.All the spectra were dealt with baseline corrected by fitting and subtracting a third-order polynomial and then smoothed with a 15-point Adjacent-Averaging.Results The characteristic peaks of normal breast tissue appeared in 1 090,1 157,1 262,1 300,1 442,1 658,1 745,and 1 874 cm-1 .After adding SHINs, some peaks shifted in 2 - 3 cm-1 , the relative strengths of 1 090 and 1 157 cm-1 were significantly increased,and the 1 496 cm-1 characteristic peak appeared.The main characteristic peaks of breast fibroadenoma appeared in 751,880,930,880,1 262,1 442,1 579,1 658,and 1 745 cm-1;one of the dominant characteristic peak should belong to lipids,but it can be seen that amideⅠ characteristic peak of protein became more significant.Conclusion Raman spectra can discover the differences of the characteristic peaks of amide Ⅰ between breast fibroadenoma and normal breast tissues. By virtue of different enhancement effects of SHINs to Raman specific peaks of the various tissues, breast fibroadenoma can be distinguished from normal tissue successfully.

Objective To investigate effect of sitagliptin ( SIT) on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS) and nitric oxide ( NO) in type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Methods 30 rats were randomly divided into normal group (NC group), diabetic nephropathy group (DN group) and sitagliptin treatment group (SIT group).The type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats were induced by a high fat diet (HFD) plus repeated low dose streptozocin (STZ) injections.At the end of the 12th week in treatment,there were 6 rats in each group, the NO level was determined by Griess method.mRNA levels of iNOS RT-PCR was detect ed by.The expression of iNOS protein was detected by western blot and immunohistochemical method. ResuIts Compared with the NC group, the expression of iNOS and NO of DN group increased significantly.However, compared with DN group, the expression of iNOS and NO of SIT group decreased significantly.ConcIusion SIT can decrease the expression of iNOS and NO, which implies SIT may protect the type 2 diabetic kidney.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of integrons in A.baumannii isolates,analyze the correlation between inte- grons and resistance of A.baumannii,and study the resistance genes in integrons.Methods A total of 106 strains of A.bau- mannii were collected to test the antibiotic susceptibility by disk diffusion method.The classification of integrons was per- formed by analyzing the positive PCR products using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).The variable region of integrons was amplified by integron PCR.RFLP and DNA sequencing were used to analyze the resistance genes in integrons. Results About 52.8% (56/106) of the isolates showed integron positive.PCR-RFLP analysis revealed that they were all class I integrons.About 94.6%(53/56) of the positive strains with integrons owned the variable region,which was confirmed by integron PCR.The sizes of the amplicons ranged from 0.15 kb to 2.8 kb.All together 7 different cassette arrays were detec- ted,including genes coding resistance to aminoglycosides (aadA1,aadA2,aadA5,aadB,aacA4),sulphonamides (dfrⅫ, dfr17),?-lactam compounds (bla_(ara-10)),chloramphenicol (catB-like,catB8),and two open reading frames (orfF,orfI) with unknown function.A novel cassette array orfI-aadA1 was reported,and its GenBank accession number was DQ092497.Conclu- sions Class I integrons are widespread in A.baumannii isolates in Nanjing.The integrons are closely associated with the resist- ance and multidrug resistance in A.baumannii isolates.

An HPLC method was established for the determination of the related substance in erdosteine. Waters ODS-SunFire (250 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 microm) column was used, the mobile phase was composed of methanol-acetonitrile-0.01 mol x L(-1) citric acid (20:4:76, the pH value was adjusted by triethylamine to 2.5). The flow rate was 1 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength was 254 nm. The related substances in the sample of erdosteine taken were calculated by self control with or without the response factor of impurity relative to that of erdosteine. Under the chromatographic condition developed, the impurities in erdosteine were isolated well. The detection limit was 0.2 microg x mL(-1) (signal/noise = 3) by principal component calculated. The method can be adopted to control the related substances in erdosteine.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Contamination ; Expectorants ; chemistry ; Limit of Detection ; Thioglycolates ; chemistry ; Thiophenes ; chemistry

Objective To explore the effect of topical application of sodium hyaluronate on preventing perivascular adhesion of the vein grafts in rabbits. Methods Thirty-six male New Zealand white rabbits, aged 5 months, were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups: groups A and B. Arterial defect model was established by cutting about 1cm artery from the middle part of the dissected left common carotid artery. A section about 3cm was cut from the right external jugular vein, and the harvested vein was inverted and anastomosed end-to-end to the artery defect. After the anastomosis, the adventitia and two anastomoses of the grafted veins in group A were coated locally with 0.2ml sodium hyaluronate. The grafted veins were obtained 1, 2 and 4 weeks after the operation, with the perivascular adhesion of the vein grafts being examined macroscopically before the resection. HE staining and Masson staining were preformed for histological changes of grafted vein wall and the perivascular adhesion of the vein grafts. At 2, 4 weeks postoperation, the perivascular adhesions of the vein grafts were graded by the grading criteria of adhesion in macroscopic evaluation and histological evaluation. Result At 1, 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively, the macroscopic and histological observation found that the perivascular adhesions in group A were looser than those in group B. The macroscopic grade and histological grade were lower in group A than in group B, there was a significant difference between the two groups at 2 and 4 weeks postoperation (P<0.05). Conclusion Topical application of sodium hyaluronate can reduce the perivascular adhesion and is an ideal treatment strategy for preventing perivascular adhesion of vein grafts.