Objective To study the effect of lead exposure in different development periods (father BBLL and mother BBLL,MPBLL,UCBLL,IBLL,CBLL) on children behavior problems. Methods From 1996 to 2004,a nine-year epidemiological cohort study was conducted in a place with severe environmental lead pollution, Guichi district of Chizhou city in Anhui province, China. 210 newly-married couples with the intention to pregnancy and living around a lead and zinc smelt factory from Dec,1996 to Dec,1998 until delivery and then their offspring were chosen. 161 children were investigated through the questionnaires and Achenbach child behavior checklist(CBCL)at Nov,2001 and Aug,2004. Meanwhile, 210 couples baseline blood (father BBLL and mother BBLL), 93 mid-pregnancy blood(MPBLL), 98 umbilical cord blood (UCBLL),165 blood of infants(IBLL), 161 blood of children (CBLL) were collected to determined the levels of lead by PE-AA800 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results Geometric mean of mother BBLL, father BBLL, children BLL, infants BLL, UCBLL and MPBLL were (62.71?2.18)?g/L,(72.93?2.06)?g/L, (91.93?1.58)?g/L, (130.39?1.88)?g/L, (54.32?2.11)?g/L and (50.93?1.95)?g/L respectively,and the proportion of blood lead level at which were higher than 100 ?g/L were 32.38%, 38.10%, 45.34%, 43.03%, 10.20%, 9.68% respectively. In 161 infants, the incidence of abnormal behavior problems was 16.1%. The scores of delinquent and abruption in boys were significant higher than those in girls, while the scores of depression and social withdrawal in girls were higher than those in boys. The single correlative and the multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the score of abruption was positively correlated significantly with MPBLL(?=0.162,P

Standards of TCM information plays a fundamental and critical role in TCM informatization. In recent years, the standardization of TCM information has made a series of tremendous progress. This article introduced the major work progress of TCM terminological standardization and TCM data standardization in China, and status of TCM information standardization in International Organization for Standardization and World Health Organization. The existing problems in the construction of standardization of TCM information were discussed and suggestions were proposed to solve problems: to build the basic framework of standard system of TCM information; to cultivate professionals for the researches on the international standards of TCM information; to further explore the theories and methods about standardization of TCM information.

Objective To investigate the value of immunophenotypes in pathologic diagnosis of follicular lymphoma (FL) and the differential diagnosis between neoplastic follicle (NF) and reactive hyperplastic follicle (RHF).Methods 50 cases of FL and 10 cases of RHF as control were studied by clinical data, the expressions of CD20, bcl-2, CD3, CD10, bcl-6, CD21 and Ki-67 were detected by EnVision immunohistochemical method for the immunphenotypical pattern of FL and RHF.Results Among 50 FL cases , there were 24 male cases and 26 female cases, with median age of 50 years old (10-80 years old), including 32 cases (64 ％) involved predominantly neck lymph nodes.The histologic grades were 1-2 in 16 cases (32 ％) and ≥3 in 34 cases (68 ％).CD20, CD10 and bcl-6 were positive in NF tissues of FL, with irregular forms of NF and loss of the mantle area without clear demarcation, and infiltrating to NF, irregular shape and no clear perimeter.The bcl-2 was positive in all of grade 1-2 NF, and it was positive in 68 ％ (23/34) cases and was partial or total negative in 32 ％ (11/34) cases in grade≥3 NF.Those were poorly demarcated contours.The Ki-67 proliferative index of NF were ＜30 ％ in grade 1-2, and ＞30 ％ in grade ≥ 3, with the highest to 90 ％.In FL, the CD21 staining result showed follicular dendritic cells (FDC) network were synchronized with NF, and in some cases of grade ≥ 3, the FDC network were ruptured.In RHF, the CD20 was positive for round or oval nodules with clear demarcation.The CD10, bcl-6 and CD21 were positive and bcl-2 was negative in all germinal center without invasive immunophenotype.The Ki-67 index was high in germinal center, and sometimes polarity may be seen.Conclusion The immunophenotypical differences between FL and RHF include invasive characteristics, loss of follicular mantle area and germinal center pattern in the NF, while the normal follicular immunophenotype in the RHF.

All elements and refinements had been built in ontology with protégé 4.1, which can be used to record over 20 classic Chinese medicine books in related author, publisher, storage site, edition, form and arrangement of lines in calligraphy, and etc. It also realized the graphical display based on ontology. It gave brief analysis on elements which had been used or without using. Studies showed that Web Ontology Language (OWL) can express all elements of TCM literatures clearly. This study indicated that element refinements should be considered to add in the amendment of ISO International Standards application for further improvement.

This study analyzed the current clinical terminology standardization, systematization research status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The previous version of the TCM clinical term system had some problems including imperfect classification structure, unclear relationship between concepts and so on, which made the TCM clinical terminology system(TCMCTS) difficult to support the clinical practice of TCM. The suggestions for system improvement were using ontology method to build TCMCTS concept model bases on the previous researches and data extracted from TCM clinical electronic medical record, and top-level-ontology accordance with ISO standards. The study also tried to summarize the ‘semantic network between classes’ through semantic relationships.

Objective To understand the mortality rate and cause of the injury in Hebei province in order to provide scientific theoretical basis for drawing up effective prevention measures.Methods The injury deaths data was collected from 18 surveillance spots in Hebei province during 2004—2005,and the injury was classified with ICD-10 and the corresponding mortality rates were calculated.Results The average injury mortality rate was 54.02/100 000(the age-adjusted rate was 51.62/100 000).It was the 5 th-ranked cause of death.The leading five causes of injury were traffic injury by motor vehicles, traffic injury by non-motor vehicles,suicide,poisoning and fall,which accounted for 23.96%,22.05%,13.10%,11.99%, 5.62%,respectively.The average injury mortality rate in rural(58.48/100 000)was higher than in urban(31.60/100 000)(?~2= 255.82,P

Objective To explore the expression of 11-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11-β HSD2) gene in placenta of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) complicated by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and the relationship between different expression of 11-β HSD2 in placenta and newborn's birth weight or placental weight. Methods Thirteen cases of term pregnancy mothers with PIH complicated by IUGR were served as PIH complicated by IUGR group, 22 cases of term pregnancy mothers complicated by PHI with appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infant as PIH with AGA group and 36 cases of normal controls as control group. The mRNA expression level of 11-β HSD2 gene in placenta was evaluated by RT-PCR. The level of cord serum cortisol was detected by the method of chemiluminescence. Results The 11-β HSD2 gene mRNA was expressed in placenta. The mRNA expression level of 11-β HSD2 gene in PIH complicated by IUGR group's placenta was significantly lower (0.26±0.09) than that in PIH with AGA group (0.64±0.19) and control group (0.66±0.20). The level of cord serum cortisol in PIH complicated by IUGR group was significantly higher [(71.60±20.20)μg/L] than that in PIH with AGA group [(51.00±13.80)μg/L] and control group [(49.10±14.40)μg/L]. The newborn's birth weight and placental weight in PIH complicated by IUGR group was significantly lower than those in PIH with AGA group and control group. The mRNA expression level of 11-β HSD2 gene in placenta was positively correlated with the birth weight of their newborns and placental weight. Conclusion The lower mRNA expression level of 11-β HSD2 gene in placenta may contribute to the higher cortisol level in fetal of PIH complicated by IUGR and has a negative role on the fetal development.

Based on the investigation and analysis of industry dynamics of health maintenance Applications (APP) of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM),the paper designs and develops health maintenance APP of TCM,and describes its architecture,operating principle,functions,innovativeness,applicability scope,etc.

Relapse, which puzzled several generations of hematologists, is the bottle-neck of radical treatment for leukemias. The progress of Human Microbiome Project at the beginning of 21st century suggested that human body was a super-organism constituted by the core of human cells and symbiotic microorganisms. The elucidation and characterization of endogenous retrovirus and prion protein suggested the possible effects of co-evolutional microorganisms on human health. Recently, the elucidation of the roles of tunneling nanotubes in intercellular communication and transportation suggested a novel way for cellular communication and transport of oncogenic materials. The role and significance of in vivo cell fusion have been studied in more detail. On the other hand, donor cell leukemia was reported. All of these approaches provide novel insights for studying the mechanism of leukemia relapse. Based on previous work, the authors suggest the hypothesis: there are two possible mechanisms for the relapse of leukemias: the minimal residual disease (MRD) and intercellular transportation of oncogenic materials.
Cell Fusion ; Humans ; Leukemia ; pathology ; Neoplasm, Residual ; pathology ; Recurrence

Objective To investigate the expressions of interferon γ(IFNγ), interferon inducible protein-10(IP-10). chemokine receptor CXCR3 and their significance in infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome(IAHPS). Methods Forty-three patients with IAHPS, 35 infection patients without HPS and 25 healthy controls were included in the study. The serum IFNγ and IP-10 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The expression of CXCR3 on cell surface of CD_4~+ and CD_8~+ T cells in peripheral blood was determined by flow cytometry. SPSS 13.0 was used for data processing, and independent-sample t test was performed to compare the differences among the groups. Results The serum IFNγ and IP-10 levels in patients with IAHPS were( 608±135) pmol/L and(939±141) pmol/L respectively, which were significantly higher than those in without HPS group[(154±45) pmol/L and (385±119) pmol/L, t=4.97 and 4.02, P<0.05] and healthy controls[(56±18) pmol/L and (248±98) pmol/L, t=5.27 and 4.77, P<0.05]. The expressions of CXCR3 on CD_4~+ and CD_8~+ T cells in IAHPS group were (35±11)% and (23±8)% respectively, which were significantly higher than those in without HPS group[(24±7)% and (16±7)%, t=3.12 and 3.62, P<0.05] and healthy controls[(20±6)% and (12±5)%, t=4.46 and 4.93, P<0.05]. Conclusion The expressions of IFNγ, IP-10 and CXCR3 are increased significantly in patients with IAHPS, which may be related to the disease pathogenesis.