Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor of digestive tract, and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease developing into colorectal cancer is significantly increased. Immune signaling pathways NF-κB, IL-6/STAT3, COX-2/PGE2, IL-23/Th17 and TLRs have been confirmed to promote the transformation from colitis to colorectal cancer. NOD2 and intestinal microbes also participate in the regulation of inflammation mediated carcinogenesis. Chronic inflammation is a potential risk for colorectal cancer, and anti-inflammatory drugs may play a chemical preventive role. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways involved in inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis and evaluate the chemoprophylaxis of colon cancer.

Objective To study the distribution of TCM constitution of patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis to analyze the correlation between constitution and osteoporosis.Methods The pre-designed questionnaire and the method of case-control were used to classify and analyze the constitution of postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and normal population for comparison to understand the correlation between constitution and osteoporosis.Results The ratio of constitution type in two groups had statistical difference(P

OBJECTIVE: Through the use of the categories of auditory performance (CAP-II), the speech, spatial and qualities of hearing scale-parents' version (SSQ-P), children using hearing implants quality of life (CuHI-QoL) in patients with prelingual hearing impairment to compare the rehabilitation effect between preoperative and postoperative auditory performance, speech behavior and quality of life and at the same time to figure out dose rehabilitation effect connected to age. METHOD: Mainly used classification method to compare the audotory performance, speech behavior and quality of life of 50 patients before and after 2.5 years after the implantation. At the same time these 50 patients are divided on the basis of the age received the surgery, A group received the surgery before 6(1.0-5.9) years old and group B received the therapy after this age (6.0-10.9). Their auditory performance, speech behavior and quality of life were all evaluated. RESULT: There were statistical difference between two kinds of classification method of CAP-II. In the study of SSQ-P and CuHI-QoL, there was no statistical difference in well-being and happiness before and 3 years after the implant, also there was no statistical difference in parental stress between two age groups. In addition to the above two, the rest all have statistical significance. CONCLUSION After the implant, postoperative auditory performance, speech behavior and quality of life all had improved and the smaller the age, the better the performance.
Age Factors ; Child ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Deafness ; therapy ; Hearing ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Speech

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of quartz fiber post placement on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars with different dental defects under dynamic loading. Fifty extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars were randomized into five groups. Each group was prepared according to numbers of residual walls ranged from 0 to 4. Then each group was divided into two subgroups with one restored with quartz fiber posts and the other without posts. In no-post groups, gutta percha point 2 mm below cemento-enamel junction was removed. Composite resin was adapted to the well and used to shape the core directly. Each tooth was restored with a complete metal crown. Dynamic loading was carried out in a masticatory simulator with a nominal load of 50 N at 2 Hz for 300 000 loading cycles. Then a quasi-statically load was applied in a universal testing machine 30° to the long axis with a crosshead speed of 1 mm⋅min(-1) until fracture. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and pairwise comparison (P<0.05). No specimens failed during dynamic loading. The fracture resistance enhanced with the increase of numbers of coronal walls and the differences were significant (P<0.05). Placement of fiber posts had a significant effect when fewer than two walls remained (P<0.05), but it had no significant influence in groups with two, three or four walls (P>0.05). Fiber post did not change failure mode, and the fracture pattern was mainly favorable. More dentin walls need to be retained in clinic. When no less than two walls remained, a fiber post is not always necessary.
Analysis of Variance ; Bicuspid ; Composite Resins ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dentin ; physiology ; Humans ; Post and Core Technique ; Quartz ; Tooth Fractures ; prevention & control ; Tooth, Nonvital

Objective To evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise of middle intensity on cognitive and motor functions of elderly people with Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods Forty-eight patients with AD were studied.The subjects were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group.The subjects in treatment group were treated with cycle ergometer exercise for 3 months.The control group accepted dementia education.All the patients performed the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) at the beginning and after 3 months of treatment.Results Forty-one participants completed the whole treatment and observation program.After treatment,the scores of MMSE and ADAS-Cog improved significantly more in treatment group than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Middle intensity of aerobic exercise can improve cognitive and motor function in patients with AD.

Objective To explore the influence of low-selenium diet on expression of selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1) and selenoprotein P (Sel P) in liver,kidney and brain tissues.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups according to body weight:control group,low-selenium treatment for 4-,12-and 24-week groups,10 mice in each group,half male and half female.The control group was fed with normal diet (selenium content was 0.300 mg/kg),distilled water,and sacrificed at the 12th week; low-selenium treatment groups were fed with low-selenium diet(selenium content was 0.015 mg/kg),then sacrificed at the 4th,12th and 24th weeks,respectively.Expressions of SBP1 and Sel P in mouse liver,kidney and brain tissues were determined by Western blotting.Results Expressions of SBP1 and Sel P in low-selenium feed mouse liver tissue at the 4th,12th and 24th weeks were,respectively,as follows 0.11 ± 0.01,0.36 ± 0.01,0.59 ± 0.02 and 0.41 ± 0.01,0.39 ± 0.02,0.25 ± 0.02;in kidney,respectively,as follows 0.60 ± 0.03,0.20 ± 0.02,0.03 ± 0.01 and 0.88 ± 0.01,0.73 ± 0.03,0.85 ± 0.02; in brain,respectively,as follows 0.54 ± 0.03,0.11 ± 0.01,0.01 ± 0.01 and 0.50 ± 0.02,0.49 ± 0.03,0.38 ± 0.02.Expression of Sel P in low-selenium feed mouse liver,kidney and brain tissues was significantly decreased as compared to that of control group(1.00 ± 0.00,1.00 ± 0.00,all P ＜ 0.05),but SBP1 content was reduced at first and then rebounded in kidney,and was in decreasing trend in liver and brain tissues.Conclusion Low-selenium diet has a certain effect on expression of SBP1 and Sel P in mouse liver,kidney and brain tissues.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of acupunture at Shenmen (HT 7) and Daling (PC 7) on different cerebral functional regions by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and discuss the relative specificity of effect of these two acupoints.

METHODSTen healthy right-handed volunteers were enrolled in this research. Under the scan of fMRI with the pattern of "rest-stimulation-rest-stimulation-rest", acupuncture stimulation was given at Shenmen (HT 7) and Daling (PC 7) on the right side, and all the data were analyzed with Matlab software and SPM5 package to observe the activated cerebral regions.

RESULTSThe activated brodmann areas by acupuncture at Shenmen (HT 7) were mainly BA10 BA13, BA47, BA22 on the left side and BA40 BA44 on the right side, while the activated areas by acupunoture at Daling (PC7) were BA46, BA47, BA22 BA10. BA45 on the left side and BA44 BA9, BA6. BA40 on the right side.

CONCLUSIONThe activated cerebral functional regions of acupuncture stimulation at Shenmen (HT 7) and Daling (PC 7) are not exactly the same, which indicates that the acupuncture effects of the two acupoints are specific. With the same activated areas of language and cognitive function, the Shenmen (HT 7) specializes in emotion control while the Daling (PC 7) could active the autonomic nerve function area.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; physiology ; Cognition ; Female ; Humans ; Language ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Radiography ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo select the best preparation method of vincristine transfersomes (VCR-T) and predict its possibility of being a new formulation of VCR.

METHODOrthogonal design was used to optimize the preparation methods on the basis of single factor pretests; and the permeation tests in vitro were performed in modified Franz diffusion cells.

RESULTThe optimum formula was: pH was equal to 7.3, the ratio of lecithin to sodium deoxycholate is 70/20, the weight of VCR is 10 mg, hydrating time is 30 minutes. The optimized solution was light yellow and transparent colloid solution. The VCR-T are spherical and smooth with average diameters of 94 nm and an encapsulation ratio of 90%. The test in vitro showed that VCR-T could permeat through mouse skin at zero rate with the cumulative penetrating quality amounting to 63.8%.

CONCLUSIONTransfersomes may become a promising carrier of VCR for clinic use.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Deoxycholic Acid ; Drug Carriers ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Mice ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylcholines ; Skin Absorption ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Vincristine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics

In 2013, the World Health Organization reported the first case of human infection with a new influenza A (H7N9) virus in China. This has caused damage and panic within certain areas in China. Therefore, analysis of this virus with bioinformatics technology is very necessary. Neuraminidase (NA) is one of the most important antigens of the influenza virus and an important target for anti-flu drugs. In this study, the nucleotide and protein sequences of NA gene of A/H7N9 influenza viruses were retrieved from the NCBI database, and MEGA 5.0 software was employed to construct a phylogenetic tree based on the nucleotide coding sequence; BioEdit software was used to align the nucleotide and protein sequences of NA and calculate the homologies of nucleotides and amino acids and then to analyze the important mutation sites of NA gene. The results demonstrated that the spread of influenza virus H7N9 showed certain geographical and temporal relations. The H7N9 virus isolated from China in 2013 belonged to Euroasiatic serotype, and its NA stalk region hadobvious variation, which may be one of the reasons that this virus infects human. These analyses may be very helpful for understanding the evolutionary relationship and mutation trend of A/H7N9 influenza viruses.
Databases, Genetic ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; enzymology ; genetics ; Mutation ; Neuraminidase ; chemistry ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis

Objective To evaluate the immune effects of bivalent inactivated rotavirus vaccine (IRV) and investigate the viability of development of bivalent IRV.Methods Firstly,bivalent IRV was prepared by mixing G1 IRV and G3 IRV with equal amount,G1 IRV and G3 IRV as monovalent control,PBS as negative control.Secondly,those vaccines were vaccinated to the mice by intramuscular injection.Then,to evaluate the immune effects of bivalent IRV,the levels of serum or fecal rotavirus specific IgG and IgA were assessed by ELISA,the levels of serum neutralized antibody were measured by microneutralization assay,the number of IFN-γ or IL-4 secreting cells were analyzed by ELISPOT assay.Results Compared to negative control group,bivalent IRV induced the higher levels of serum and fecal G1 and G3 rotavirus specific antibody.It was found that there were no significant differences for the levels of serum IgG and IgA,fecal IgG and IgA,serum neutralized antibody between induced by bivalent IRV and induced by G1 type monovalent vaccines ; but there were significantly increase for the levels of serum IgG (t =2.691,P＜0.05) and serum neutralized antibody (t =2.561,P＜0.05) between induced by bivalent IRV and induced by G3 monovalent vaccines,there were no significant differences for other antibodies between induced by bivalent IRV and induced by G3 monovalent vaccines.At the same time,compared to negative control group,bivalent IRV induced significantly increase in the number of IFN-γ or IL-4 secreting cells in spleen lymphocytes.It was found that there were no significant differences for the number of IFN-γ or IL-4 secreting cells stimulated by G1 rotavirus between bivalent IRV and G1 monovalent vaccines; but there were significantly increase for the number of IL-4 secreting cells (t =2.327,P＜0.05) stimulated by G3 rotavirus between bivalent IRV and G3 monovalent vaccines,there were no significant differences for the number of IFN-γ secreting cells stimulated by G3 rotavirus between bivalent IRV and G3 type monovalent vaccines.Conclusion The bivalent IRV can induce effective immune response,in which there were no inhibitory interference between the components of bivalent IRV,which provided the experimental basis for the development of bivalent IRV.