Reflex sympathetic dystrophy after stroke,also called shoulder-hand syndrome(SHS),is a common complication of stroke.It is presumed that SHS is consequence of many factors,including periphery injury,effect of sympathetic never system,neurogenic inflammation,and plasticity of central nervous system.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, endoscopic manifestations, histological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of the primary gastrointestinal melanoma in China. Methods The gender, age, position, endoscopic manifestations, histological characteristics, treatment, prognosis of the primary gastrointestinal melanoma were gathered and analyzed by reviewing retrospectively the data of 2 cases seen at our hospital and 449 cases searched in CNKI from 1983 to 2015. Results The primary gastrointestinal melanoma was mostly seen in the rectum and anus, and secondly in the esophagus. A typical endoscopic finding was a protuberant or nodular tumor, with erosion or dirty surface on it. Most lesions were friable and easily hemorrhagic. The maximum diameters of most lesions, accounted for 83.3 %, were larger than 2.0 cm. The average value of the maximum diameters was (4.79 ± 2.67) cm. Most cases presented brown or black, followed by hoar. However, some lesions presented various colors, such as blue, red, even co-exited color or achromatic color. Preoperative misdiagnosed rate was 73.64 % and 1-year mortality was 54.19 %. Negative correlation was observed between survival time and lesion size, infiltration depth. Positive correlation was observed between lesion size and metastasis infiltration depth. Survival time had nothing to do with metastasis and age. Conclusion The primary gastrointestinal melanoma was highly aggressive, and usually found in the terminal age, usually together with extensive metastasis, misdiagnosed and poor prognosis. Knowing the clinical features, endoscopic manifestations, histological and immunohistochemical characteristics is the key to early diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of fire needling plus moxibustion in treating prurigo nodularis. Methods Ninety patients with prurigo nodularis were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 45 cases. The treatment group received fire needling plus moxibustion and the control group, external application of halometasone ointment. Skin lesions and pruritus were scored in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the skin lesion score and the pruritus score in the two groups (P<0.01,P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the skin lesion score and the pruritus score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.01). The total efficacy rate was 81.8% in the treatment group and 60.5% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Fire needling plus moxibustion is an effective way to treat prurigo nodularis.

Objective To observe the effect of Tongbihuoluo Tang on the cerebral infarction.Methods 148cases in recovery of cerebral infarction were randomly divided into control and treated groups(each n =74),the control group was treated with conventional western medicine,while the treated group was treated with Tongbihuoluo Tang based on the conventional treatment,the course was 28d,then the clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared.Results After treatment the neurological deficit score was significantly improved compared with before treatment,the treated group was better than the control group.The efficacy of the treated group was significantly better than the control group,the total effective rate was 94.6％,which was significantly higher than 75.5％ in control group,the difference between the two groups was significant(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Tongbihuoluo Tang may be helpful to the patients on the basis of western medicine,and it was worthy to be used in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and relative mechanisms when constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is used in patients with upper extremity disorders after head injury, and to compare the effects of CIMT with those of traditional rehabilitation (TR). Methods Thirty-six hemiparesis patients were randomly divided into a CIMT group and a TR group. Patients in the CIMT group were treated with intensive shaping training for 5 h a day for 3 weeks, as well as having their unaffected arms constrained. Meanwhile, the patients in the TR group were treated with traditional rehabilitation with no constraint of their unaffected arms. Motor activity logs (MALs) were compiled, and the Wolf Motor Function Test ( WMFT) and Barthel Index ( BI) were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects before treatment and at 0 d, 1 month and 3 month after treatment. Results Compared with the scores before treatment, the therapeutic effects were significant in the CIMT group, and the effect lasted to the follow-up period. Significant differences were also found between the CIMT group and the TR group in the improvement of dexterity by means of WMFT, and the usage of unaffected upper extremity as recorded in the MAL. There were no significant differences in therapeutic effects between the 2 week and 3 week treatments in the CIMT group. Conclusion CIMT significantly improved upper extremity function and ability in the activities of daily living ( ADL) of hemiplegia patients in the subacute period. The effectiveness of CIMT is superior to that of traditional rehabilitation methods.

To solve separating problem of natural soda, fifty-seven strains screened from soil, floul water and activated mud were of flocculating activity. Two strains of bacteria, which were screened from above mentioned strains have higher activity and better steady than the whole culture liquid of bacteria was observed that its flocculating use to natural soda was strong and the mean flocculating rate of two strains were 79.80% and 87.% respectively.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of constraint-induced movement therapy(CIMT) on improving the flexibilty of upper extremities and the ability of daily living(ADL) of patients with hemiplegia.Methods36 patients with hemiparesis were randomized to two groups: CIMT and traditional rehabilitation(TR).In CIMT group,18 patients received intensive shaping training of 5 h/d,lasting 3 weeks, with the constraint of unaffected arms.In TR group,patients received traditional rehabilitation in the same times,without the constraint of unaffected arms. They were evaluated with Action Research Arm(ARA) Test and Barthel Index(BI) before intervention,immediate after intervention,4 and 12 weeks after intervention respectively.Patients in CIMT group were also evaluated with ARA tests 2 and 3 weeks after training.ResultsSignificant difference was found between CIMT and TR group on the improvement of ARA test(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between 2 and 3 weeks after training in CIMT group.Significant difference in BI was also found in CIMT group(P<0.01),but has not been found between CIMT and TR group.ConclusionCIMT significantly improved the flexibilty of upper extremities and ADL of patients with hemiplegia,which is superior to the traditional rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND: The increasingly deepened studies have proved that moderate exercise training can effectively cope with the psychological and physiological stress, and improve the immunological functions of the body.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of exercise on the patients in pschoneuroimmunology.DESIGN: A randomized controlled observation.SETTING: Huaiyin Teachers College and the School of Physical Education of Yangzhou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry of the School of Physical Education of Yangzhou University between September and November 2002. Fifty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into quiet control group (n=8), psychological stress group (n=8), stress plus 30-minute exercise group (n=7), stress plus 60-minute exercise group (n=8), 30-minute exercise group (n=7), 60-minute exercise group (n=8), shock group (n=8).METHODS: Quiet control group: There was neither exercise nor stress.Shock group: No exercise was involved, and shock was used as the source of stimulation in the stress group. Psychological stress group: The rats under stress did not receive shock, but just watched the process of shock in the shock group as bystanders in order to produce psychological stress through visual sense and hearing sense. Each stress lasted for 30 minutes,once every other day for 2 continuous weeks. 30-minute exercise group: In the first week, the rats adapted to training for 10 minutes every day, and then they swam without load for 30 minutes once a day for 8 weeks. 60minute exercise group: In the first week, the rats adapted to training for 30minutes every day, and then they swam without load for 60 minutes once a day for 8 weeks. Stress plus 30-minute exercise group: The rats received the same exercise as that of the 30-minute exercise group and the same stress as that applied to the psychological stress group. Stress plus 60-minute exercise group: The rats received the same exercise as that of the 60-minute exercise group and the same stress as that of the psychological stress group. The contents of corticosterone and interleukin-2 in serum were detected with radioimmunoassay, and the number of T lymphocyte subgroups was determined with the method of enzyme labeling.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Effects of exercise of moderate and small intensity on serum corticosterone and interleukin-2 of stress rats. ②Effects of exercise of moderate and small intensity on T lymphocyte subgroups of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ in stressed rats.RESULTS: ①Effects of exercise of moderate and small intensity on serum corticosterone and interleukin-2 of stress rats: The serum levels of interleukin2 in stress rats were significantly lower than that of the rats in the control group, and the serum contents of corticosterone were significantly higher than that in the control group. The serum levels of interleukin-2 in the exercise group were significantly higher than that in the control group, and the serum contents of corticosterone were significantly higher than that in the control group. Compared with stress group, the level of interleukin-2 was significantly higher and the contents of corticosterone were markedly lower in the stress plus 30-minute exercise group and stress+60-minute exercise group. ② Effects of exercise of moderate and small intensity on T lymphocyte subgroups of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ in stress rats: Compared with the control group, the numbers of T lymphocyte subgroups were all significantly in the 30 and 60minute exercise groups. Compared with the stress group, the levels of CD3+and CD4+ in the stress plus 60-minute exercise group were significantly higher than thosein the stress group. The CD4+/CD8+ level had no significant difference between the stress plus 30-minute exercise group and stress group, but not lower than those in the stress group.CONCLUSION: Repeated psychological stress caused greater psychological response from rats, and inhibited the immnological function, and exercise of moderate and small intensity had better protective effect on the immunological function of rats under psychological stress, and the exercise of moderate intensity much more greatly improved the anti-stress ability of rats. The possible mechanism lies in the fact that exercise of moderate and small intensity produced better adaptability for hypothalamic-pitutiary-adrenal axia, changed the in vivo excretion of stress hormone, and then maintained the stability of immunological function.

BACKGROUND:Advancement in bioengineering based upon tissue engineering techniques may offer the possibility of repairing degenerative intervertebral disc.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress in the scaffolds of tissue engineered intervertebral disc.
METHODS:A computer-based retrieval was performed to search manuscripts describing tissue engineered intervertebral disc scaffolds published between January 1st, 1900 and December 31st, 2012 in PubMed database with the key words of“tissue engineering, intervertebral disc, scaffold”in English.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Scaffold is an important part of tissue-engineered research. There are three kinds of materials for intervertebral disc scaffolds:natural biomaterials, synthetic materials, and composite materials. A variety of scaffold materials have their own advantages and disadvantages. Up to now, none of these scaffold materials is accepted as the most suitable one. The selection of scaffold materials is stil to be further studied. The study and development of nanoscale biomaterials is an inevitable trend. Otherwise, with the help of bionics, improving scaffolds is also an inexorable trend in progress of simulating human intervertebral disc. Furthermore, injectable scaffold is also an research hot spot, and the selection range of injectable scaffold materials mainly focuses on chitosan, typeⅡcolagen,hyaluronic acid,fibrin,elastin,and alginate.C urrently, studies on chitosan as a scaffold material are relatively more.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and safety of extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) in the treatment of pain symptom of type III B prostatitis.

METHODSWe treated 50 cases of type III B prostatitis by ESW once a week for 4 weeks. Then we evaluated the clinical effect and safety of the therapy based on the NIH-CPSI scores, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, IIEF-5 scores, prostate volume and morphous, state of urination, color of urine, results of routine semen analysis, and changes of cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β) in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS).

RESULTSAll the patients successfully accomplished the treatment. Compared with the baseline, decreases were observed after 4 weeks of cytokine treatment in the pain scores (14. 61 ± 1. 82 vs 9. 36 ± 1. 47, P <0. 01), urination symptom scores (4. 59 ± 1. 01 vs.4. 66 ± 0. 89, P >0. 05) , quality of life scores (6. 51 ± 1. 03 vs 4. 56 ± 1. 02, P <0. 01), NIH-CPSI (25. 43 ± 1. 72 vs 18. 28 ± 2. 32, P <0. 01 ), and VAS (6. 59 ± 1. 10 vs 3. 02 ± 1. 07, P < 0. 01). The concentration of IL-6 in the EPS was significantly increased ([55.82 ± 6. 28] vs [86.59 ± 4. 55] ng/ml, P <0. 01) , while the level of TNF-α ([3.89 ± 0. 12] vs [3. 19 ± 0.22] ng/ml, P<0.01) and that of IL-1β ([3.21 ± 1.01] vs [1.48 ± 0.95] ng/ml, P< 0. 01) remarkably reduced after treatment. However, there were no statistically significant differences in IIEF-5 scores (18. 58 ± 2. 03 vs 18. 51 1. 89, P >0. 05) or various sperm parameters before and after treatment (P >0. 05). And no significant changes were observed in the prostate volume, morphous or internal echoes.

CONCLUSIONThe ESW therapy is effective and safe for the pain symptom of type III B prostatitis.

Adult ; Body Fluids ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; etiology ; metabolism ; Pain Management ; methods ; Prostatitis ; complications ; metabolism ; therapy ; Quality of Life ; Spermatozoa ; physiology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Ultrasonic Therapy ; methods ; Urine