0.5D) were 21.4%,1.8%,19.5%,36.0%,and 22.5%, respectively.The prevalence of myopia and high myopia significantly decreased with age (P=0.001).The prevalence of hyperopia, astigmatism,anisometropia tended to increase with age (all P

Objective To explore the safety and feasibility of calf arterial stent angioplasty to treat severe lower limb ischemia. Methods Clinical data of 13 patients in our hospital during recent 3 years were retrospectively analysed and all these patients were followed up after discharge.Of these patients there were 10 males and 3 females; mean age was (73 ±7) years; mean disease course was (8 ±4) months.Severe claudication was reported in 5 patients,rest pain in 4 patients,toe ulcer in 2 patients,gangrene in 2 patients.Stent was placed in the tibioperoneal trunk artery in 5 patients ; in the proximal part of peroneal artery in 3 patients; in the tibioperoneal trunk and proximal peroneal artery in 2 patients; in the anterior tibial artery in 2 patients; in the posterior tibial artery in one patient.Simultaneous endovascular treatment of femoral/popliteal arterial disease was done in 11 patients. Results All the procedures were successful and the treated arteries kept patent on discharge of patients.Claudication distance increased to be above 500 meter in 5 patients; rest pain relieved in 4 patients ; toes ulcer reduced in 2 patients,feet gangrene kept dry till discharge in 2 patients.Postoperative ABI increased in all patients.Patients were followed-up of mean (6.9 ± 2.2) months.One patient with previous toe gangrene underwent amputation due to recurrent pain while the stent in anterior tibial artery kept patent after 6 months discharge.In the other patient gangrene toe had fallen off and the wound healed.Two patients with toe ulcer had a total recovery and patients with previous rest pain had no recurrent symptoms. Conclusions Below knee arterial stent angioplasty is a safe and effective method in the treatment of severe lower limb ischemia.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of autologons bone margow-mononuclear cell (BM-MNC)transplantation after the bone marrow stimulation in patients with thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO).Methods The bone marrows of 12 patients were stimulated by an injection of the recombinant human granuloeyte-macmphage colony-stimulatory factor(GCSF)for 3-5 days.150-200 ml bone marrow was drown from the iliac spine and the autologous BM-MNC were obtained in each patients.Fifteen lower limbs of 12 patients received implantation of the autologous BM-MNC by an intramuscular iniecdon.A series of subjective indexes(including improvement of pain and cold sensation)and objeetive indexes [including increase of ankle braehial index(ABI),transcutaneons oxygen pressure(TcPO2)and improvement of foot skin ulcer] were used to evaluate the effects.Results The outcomes were evaluated after 2 months of transplantation.The pain-relief rate and the cold feeling improvement rate were 86.7%(13/15)and 93.3%(14/15)respectively.The ABI were 0.38 ±0.05 vs.0.61 ±0.14(P<0.05)before transplantation and 2 months after transplantation respectively.increased in 66.7%(10/15)limbs.The TcPO2 of the ischemic legs increased from(27.47±2.85)mm Hg to(43.53 ±8.38)mm Hg(t=-7.03,P<0.05)after the transplantation,and the improvement rate of TcPO2 was 93.3%(14/15).Skin ulcers in improved in 8/9 limbs.Twelve patients were followed up for all average period of 10 months.The patients'symptoms improved in 80.0%(12/15)limbs,as to the objective index the ABI was0.57±0.13,TcPO2 was(42.07 ±7.81)mm Hg,which improved significandy compared to before treatment(t=-5.33,-7.80,Ps<0.05).skin ulcer healing rate was 66.7%(6/9).The ischemic symptoms in 2 patients were not relieved.There WBS no mortality and high level amputation in all subjects.The complications,such as proliferative retinopathy,malitpmnt tumor,myocardial infarction,stroke or hemangioma were not found in any patients.Conclusion In patients with TAO,intramuscular transplantation of autologous BM-MNC after the bone marrow stimulation has advantages of less bone marrow aspiration,more mononuclear cell content and relatively high safety.It may be a new and effective method to alleviate symptoms and accelerate the healing of skin ulcer.

ObjectiveTo analyze the surgical treatment of visceral artery aneurysm (VAAs).MethodClinical data of 19 patients surgically treated for visceral artery aneurysm in our hospital from Feb 2002 to Jun 2010 were reviewed. There were 7 cases of splenic, 1 of right hepatic, 1 of left gastric,3 of pancreaticoduodenal,2 of gastroduodenal, 1 of superior mesenteric, 1 of middle colic, 1 of left colic and 2 of renal artery aneurysms. Rupture of the aneurysm occurred in 12 patients. Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed in 13 cases, other 6 cases received open surgical treatment.ResultsFour patients suffered from recurrent bleeding after first embolization, 2 of those received surgery to stop bleeding, another 2 were successfully managed by second embolization.Bleeding were rapidly controlled in 8 ruptured patients associated with shock. Duodenum incomplete obstruction developed in 1 patient after pancreaticoduodenal artery embolization, another 2 patients suffered from partial splenic infarction after splenic artery operation. 18 cases were followed-up from 2 to 103 months without aneurysm recurrence.ConclusionsEndovascular embolization and open surgery for VAAs are safe and effective, endovascular intervention and embolization is especially life saving for ruptured pseudo-aneurysm cases.

Objective To evaluate values of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in eyes filled with silicone oil.Design Prospective cases series.Participants 40 eyes of 40 patients were filled with silicone oil after ocular injury.Methods MRI was performed in the 40 patients,including axial FSE T_1WI,T_2WI,coronal T_2WI with fat saturation,oblique sagittal T_1WI and axial T_2FLAIR.MRI findings,in- cluding morpbous,signal and complications were analyzed.Oculi axes were measured.Main Outcome Measures Morphous,signal, complications and oculi axes of the eyes filled with silicone oil.Results Affected oculi axis was 2.18cm?0.21cm,normal oculi axis was 2.48cm?0.16cm.The silicone oil in eyes demonstrated isointense signal or slightly hyperintense signal on T_1WI and T_2WI,hypointense signal after fat saturation.Hydrops was found in vitreous cavity in 33 patients,including simple hydrops in 17 patients and complicated other abnormality in 16 patients.Choroidal detachment was found in 11 patients,complicating vitreous hydrops in 5 patients and lo- calized bulge of eyeball wall.Retinal detachments were found in 4 patients,of whom 3 patients complicated with vitreous hydrops.Per- fluorocarbon liquid residual in vitreous cavity,foreign body in anterior chamber,localized thickness of the wall of the globe and meagre- mean of silicone oil in vitreous cavity were found respectively in one patient complicating vitreous hydrops.Except for eye changes, fracture of orbital wall and foreign body in orbit were found in one patient.Conclusions MRI can display the changes of eyes filled with silicone oil,and measure oculi axes biologically and accurately offering important clinical application value.(Ophthalmol CHN,2007,16: 312-315)

Objective To explore the indications of axillary artery approach in endovascular treatment and to analyze complications associated with axillary artery puncture.Methods In 111 cases endovaccular treatment via axillary artery approach by Seldinger technique was performed.The indications of axillary artery approach and the complications associated with axillary artery punture were respectively analyzed.Results The success rate of angiography was 100％,and the success rate of angioplasty was 90.8％ by axillary artery approach.The total incidence of complications was 10.3％.The incidence of local hematomas was 4.8％,nerve injury was 3.2％,pseudoaneurysm was 0.8％,acute thrombosis of the axillary artery was 0.8％,acute thrombosis of the axillary vein was 0.8％.The main factors affecting complications include vascular conditions,perioperative medication,anatomy of the axillary artery,location of puncture point,the success rate of first attempt,and pressure of bandage.Conclusions The axillary artery approach increases the success rate of endovascular treatment.Reasonable choice of axillary artery appruch,meticulous perioperative management and fully understanding the anatomical characteristics of the axillary artery can decrease the complications of axillary artery puncture.

Objective To evaluate surgical treatment of lower limb ischemia due to combination of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) and arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). Methods Clinical data of six patients suffering from lower limb ischemia due to TAO and ASO were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had a history of smoking, and complained of rest pain. Three patients had foot ulcer and one had toe gangrene. Two patients reeeived aortie artery endartereetomy combined with FIFE graft bypass to deep femoral artery and below knee popliteal artery plus saphenous vein graft bypass to tibial artery. One patient received aortic thrombectomy and endarterectomy plus aortofemoral and femoropopliteal PTFE graft bypass. One patient with a history of left graft thrombosis after aorto-bifemoral arterial bypass using PTFE graft before admission underwent left PTFE graft thrombectomy via left groin and left deep femoral artery endarterectomy followed by femoropopliteal arterial bypass. One patient received left common iliac artery endarterectomy plus left profound femoral PTFE graft-left anterior tibial arterial bypass using in situ great saphenous vein graft. One patient received right to left femorofemoral arterial bypass using PTFE graft to left posterior tibial artety bypass using reversed great saphenous vein graft. Results One patient receiving aortoiliac thrombectomy and endarterectomy with aortofemoropopliteotibial arterial bypass suffered from graft thrombosis several hours after operation and emergency thrombectomy with distal posterior tibial arteriovenous fistulization was performed. The rest pain disappeared in 5 patients and partially relieved in one. All the grafts were patent on discharge. The foot ulcer reduced in 3 patients. All the 6 patients were followed up with a mean of 6. 5 months. 3 foot ulcers healed. One patient eventually received below knee amputation due to foot gangrene three months later. Conclusion Although it is difficult to treat combined limb ischemia of TAO and ASO, satisfactory results could be achieved when proper surgical procedure is adopted.

Objective To evaluate the role of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in carotid endarterectomy and the effect of carotid endarterectomy on extracranial carotid artery stenosis.Methods From January 2002 to December 2008, fifty eight patients (40 males and 18 females)with mean age of 64.5 years were treated in our hospital. Of these patients, forty had symptoms of cerebral ischemia, eighteen were asymptomatic. All the patients had 70% and up carotid artery stenosis. Forty one patients underwent simple suture closure of the arterial incision while nine patients had angioplasty with arterial patch (polyester) and eight with autologous great saphenous vein. TCD monitoring was used in the surgery of 32 patients excluding two patients using arterial shunt. Results Surgery was successful in all 58 cases except for deflected tongue-protrusion in five patients after operation, of which three recovered conservatively and two recovered after administration of cortical steroids for two weeks. Cerebral ischemic symptoms improved to a certain degree in all the 40 preoperative symptomatic patients. Cerebral hyperperfusion occurred in five of no TCD-monitoring patients ( 19.2% ), no hyperperfusion was found in TCD-monitored patients. Fifty three patients were followed up for a mean time of 42.5 months. Five patients died and three patients had carotid artery restenosis, of which two underwent PTA and stenting, one is still under surveillance.Conclusions Carotid endarterectomy is a safe and effective procedure for treating extracranial carotid artery stenosis. TCD monitoring is valuable for determining the use of arterial shunt and preventing postoperative cerebral hyperperfusion.

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility and efficiency of extracting protein from bone tissue using trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-acetone precipitation method.

METHODSHydrochloric acid (HCL) decalcification method and TCA-acetone precipitation method were separately used for bone protein extraction. The efficiencies of these two methods were compared.

RESULTSTCA-acetone precipitation method had significantly higher extraction efficiency. Compared with HCL decalcification method, it had less pollution from bone marrow hematopoietic tissue. Protein band distribution was similar between these two methods.

CONCLUSIONTCA-acetone precipitation method is useful for bone proteomics research.

Acetone ; Animals ; Bone and Bones ; chemistry ; Chemical Precipitation ; Male ; Proteins ; isolation & purification ; Proteomics ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Trichloroacetic Acid

It has become more and more urgent to develop a safe, effective, recoverable and acceptable contraceptive for males. Decades of studies have made much progress on male hormonal contraception, one of the promising contraceptive methods. The principle is based on the suppression of pituitary gonadotropin and intratesticular testosterone, then the suppression of spermatogenesis, and the supplement of androgen to maintain the male characteristics and sexual function. There are many male hormonal contraceptive methods being studied include androgen, androgen combined with progesterone, GnRH antagonists combined with androgen, as well as immunological methods. To develop a safe and convenient androgen preparation with longer action and fewer side effects is also one of the key items of present research in this field.
Androgens ; Animals ; Contraception ; methods ; Contraceptive Agents, Male ; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Progestins ; Rats ; Sheep