Objective To study the the effectiveness of Entecavir on serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis .Methods Eighty patients with decompensated cirrhosis were randomly divided into two groups ,the control group(n=40 cases) and the observation group (n=40 cases).The pa-tients in the control group were treated through the conventional treatmeat ,while the patients in the observation group were treated through the conventional treatment plus entecavir .They were treated for 24 weeks.Liver function,HBV DNA and serum TGF-β1 were detected.Results ALT,Tbil and ALB were improved after treatment in both groups (t=6.724,13.306,3.064,4.172,2.924,3.172,all P<0.05).They were more significantly improved in the obser-vation group than that in the control group (t=2.469,2.160,3.064,all P<0.05).HBV-DNA negative rate in the observation group was higher these in the control group (χ2 =4.82,P<0.05).Serum TGF-β1 in both groups were decreased after treatment(t=6.842,8.062,all P<0.01).There was a significant difference between two groups (t=3.178,P<0.05).Conclusion Entecavir can decrease serum TGF-β1 in patients with decompensated cirrhosis .

Objective To investigate the feasibility of exposing cephalic vein with horizontal incision on the chest and the successful rate of implanting pacing leads using guide wire and split sheath. Methods Right cephalic vein was separated with horizontal incision on the right lateral upper part of chest in 220 patients with permanent pacing indication. The pacing lead was advanced through the cephalic vein directly or by using a guidewire and a split sheath if the direct approach was unsuccessful. The subclavian venous puncture through the incision was used finally to implant the endocardial lead when the cephalic approach failed. All pacemakers were placed in the subcutaneous package at the inner part of the incision. Results Cephalic vein was well exposed with horizontal incision. Additionally, it is safe and convenient to puncture the subclavian vein through this incision. The successful rate of implanting pacing leads directly through cephalic vein was only 71% with single lead and 58% with dual pacing leads, respectively. However, it increased to 94% with single lead and 88% ( P

Objective To explore the impact of duration of catheter on incidences of PUR,UTI and reinserting catheter following LAVH,in order to determine the best time for withdrawing catheter.Methods 139 patients in keeping with the selected criteria were randomly divided into the non-catheter group,indwelling one-day and two-day group.The incidences of PUR,UTI and reinserting catheter were analyzed.Results There was significant difference in PUR and UTI among the three groups,and no difference was seen in reinserting catheter among them.Conclusions The catheter should be withdrawn as early as possible to prevent UTI.

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a commonly used technology in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedure. It has higher resolution and repeatability, and more importantly, it can make the vascular structure visiable which shows the plaque morphology and component, compared with traditional coronary angiography. Most researches indicated that IVUS can help doctors find out the optimized stent size, stent malapposition,stent disexpansion,and procedure complication, thus reduce the incidence of restenosis and stent thrombosis. IVUS has been widely applied in research about the predictors of PCI complication, these results benefit us to make better decision on PCI procedure. In this article, we reviewed the studies based on IVUS technology during the last 10 years and summrized according to restenosiss and stent thrombosis with BMS (bare metal stent) and DES (drug eluting stent) .

With the advancement of society and development of medicine,how to improve the humanistic quality of medical graduate students becomes an important subject for medical graduate student education.Graduate school of Capital Medical University takes a series of effective measure to improve humanistic quality of medical graduate student in these years,and try hard to make students become persons with humanistic ability in the graduate education.

This article reviewed the reform of the graduate student course study mode in Capital Medical University(CCMU),which included three aspects:the problem of course study,the measures of course study reform and the effect of course study reform.Then,it put forward some new opinions about the reform of course study in the future.

Objective To investigate the significance of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) protein expression and angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Tissue sec- tions from 40 HCC patients were examined immunohistochemically for protein expression of COX-2 and VEGF.Mi- crovessel density(MVD) was counted by endothelial cells immunostained by anti-CD34 antibody.Results The ex- pression of COX-2 protein in well differentiated HCC was stronger than that in moderately differentiated HCC and poorly differentiated HCC(P

Objective To evaluate the preoperative diagnosis and treatment of internal abdominal hernia.Methods The clinical data from 38 patients with internal abdominal hernia,admitted to our hospital during the period from Jan.2001 to Dec.2011 were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 50％ (19/38) patients of internal abdominal hernia caused by adhesion.Positive rate of CT detection was 65％ (13/20) and the correct percent of preoperative diagnosis was 73.7％ (28/38).Average time from admission to surgery was 18 h (3-78 h).There were 44.7％ (17/38) patients with intestinal necrosis and the average length of intestinal removal was 53 cm (15-170 cm).The rate of serious complication was 5.3％(2/38).Conclusions Atypical hernia was the main cause of internal abdominal hernia,and it is hard to diagnose early for the poorly positive rate of equipment inspection.Early diagnosis and treatment is possible when we correctly understood of the clinical features of internal abdominal hernia,then we can reduce the occurrence of serious complications.

Aiming at the cultivation goal and requirements as well as the current status of learning and applying medical statistics for medical doctoral students, a new idea of medical statistics teaching for medical doctoral students that combined theory with practice, science research and paper writing was proposed, with respect to improving the teaching content, teaching with clinical cases, enhancing the teaching material development, paying attention to the computer practice, and providing the writing standard for research papers.

OBJECTIVETo observe the intervention effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Weizhong" (BL 40) on rats with bupivacaine-induced multifidus muscle injury, so as to explore the action mechanism.

METHODSA total of 72 rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a Weizhong group and a Shenshu group, 18 rats in each group. Each group was again randomly divided into a 4-day subgroup, a 7-day subgroup and a 14-day subgroup, 6 rats in each subgroup. Rats in the model group, Weizhong group and Shenshu group were treated with intramuscular injection of 0.5% bupivacaine (BPVC) to establish the model of multifidus muscle injury. Rats in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group were treated with EA at "Weizhong" (BL 40) and "Shenshu" (BL 23), 20 min per treatment, once a day. Each subgroup was treated for 4 days, 7 days and 14 days respectively. Rats in the control group and model group were treated with immobilization. The morphology and cross sectional area (CSA) changes of multifidus with HE and Masson staining at different time points were observed; the expression of insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and myogenic differentiation antigen (MyoD) was measured by immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSAfter the modeling, there were significant morphology changes of multifidus at different time points, which was not fully recovered after 14 days. The morphological observation in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group was superior to that in the model group. At 7th day, the CSA in the Weizhong group was higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05); at 14th day, the CSA in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group was higher than that in the model group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). At 4th day and 7th day, the expression of IGF-1 in the model group was higher than that in the control group (both P < 0.01); at 4th day, that in the Weizhong group was higher than that in the model group (P < 0.01), and that in the Weizhong group was higher than that in the Shenshu group (P < 0.05), and that in the Shenshu group was as higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05); at 14th day, that in the Shenshu group was higher than that in the model and Weizhong group (P < 0.01). At 4th day, the expression of MyoD in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group was higher than that in the model group (P < 0.01), which was more significant in the Weizhong group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture at "Weizhong" (BL 40) and "Shenshu" (BL 23) can both promote the regeneration of multifidus muscle injury. EA at "Weizhong" (BL 40) has a better effect at early phase, which may be related to the up-regulation of IGF-1 and MyoD and the completion of the proliferation of myoblast in advance.

Acupuncture Points ; Anesthetics, Local ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Bupivacaine ; adverse effects ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Male ; Muscles ; injuries ; physiopathology ; Muscular Diseases ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration