Objective To investigate the molecular characteristics and virulence genes of 488 Staphylococcus aureus ( S.aureus) strains isolated from the People′s Hospital of Huangzhou District in Hubei Province during 2009 to 2013.Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Oxacillin and Cefoxitin to S.aureus were determined by agar dilution method .PCR analysis was used for the detection of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec ( SCCmec ) and multilocus-sequence typing ( MLST ) .Multiplex PCR analysis was performed to detect the 31 common virulence genes .Results A total of 227 methicillin-resistant S.aureus ( MRSA) strains were identified from 488 S.aureus strains with a prevalence rate of 46.5%.The SCCmec Ⅲtype was the prevalent genotype accounting for 81.5% of the 227 MRSA strains, followed by Ⅳtype which accounted for 10.1%.The predominant clonal complex ( CC) of MRSA strains was CC8 accounting for 81.1%, followed by CC59 (4.8%) and CC5 (3.1%).CC1 was the predominant clonal complex of methicillin-sensitive S.aureus (MSSA) strains, accounting for 34.1% of the 261 MSSA strains, followed by CC398 (21.8%), CC121 (14.9%) and CC59 (13.0%).The number of MSSA iso-lates carrying no less than 15 test virulence genes was 109 ( 48 .2%) , which was significantly higher than that of MRSA isolates (28.2%) (P=0.002).A close relationship between the enterotoxins genes (sed, sej and ser) and the CCs of CC8 and CC5 was identified.Exfoliatin genes (eta and etb) and lukED gene were detected only in strains that belonged to CC 1.Strains that belonged to CC 1 and CC59 clones showed higher rates of pvl gene as compared with those belonging to other CCs (P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of MRSA strains was 46.5%in Huangzhou District, Hubei Province, which was consistent with the na-tional average rate .The predominant genotype of MRSA strains was ST 239-MRSA-SCCmecIII , accounting for 79.3%.Effective measures should be taken by Health sectors to control the spread of MRSA strains .The MSSA isolates carried more virulence genes than MRSA strains .The spectrums of virulence genes were var-ied in strains belong to different CCs clones , indicating the close relationship between virulence genes and genetic backgrounds .

Objective To investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristic of heterogeneous‐ vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus(hVISA) among methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)strains isolated from sterile body fluid specimens from 2009 to 2013 in Huangzhou District People′s Hospital in Huanggang City .Methods The minimum inhibitory con‐centrations (MIC) of antibiotics was determined by agar dilution method .The hVISA strains were detected by population analysis profile/area under the curve method (PAP/AUC) .The staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) ,multilocus‐sequence typing (MLST) ,accessory gene regulator (agr) and Staphylococcus aureus protein A(spa) typing of hVISA strains were detected using PCR method .Results 32 hVISA strains were detected among 285 MRSA strains ,the prevalence rate of hVISA was 11 .2% , and the detection rates of hVISA from 2009 to 2013 were 0 .0% ,6 .4% ,9 .0% ,14 .3% and 18 .8% ,respectively ,showed an increas‐ing trend .The main hVISA epidemic clone was ST239‐SCCmecIII‐ t030‐agrI type(28strains ,accounting for 87 .5% ) .Conclusion The detection rate of hVISA showed an increasing trend in the past 5 years ,should be paid attention to strictly control the utiliza‐tion of glycopeptide drugs .

Adult ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Male ; Professional Competence ; Sleep Deprivation

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Ammonia ; poisoning ; China ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Female ; Gas Poisoning ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Edema ; etiology ; therapy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; etiology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of thymosin alpha -1 with glucocorticoid in treat-ment of HBV -related hepatic failure.Methods 130 cases were randomly divided into two groups,they were all giv-en antiviral therapy,protect liver,anti -inflammatory,yellow suit the back support,etc.comprehensive treatment;and patients in treatment group were given thymosin alpha -1 with methyl -prednisone intravenously at the early stage of treating process,and then observed the clinic situation and cure rate of those sufferers,The biochemiccal indicator, PTA and blood serum HBV DNA capacity ending with the period of 4 weeks were tested.Results In both groups,the TBil,TC in serum had apparently improved compared with the baseline after the medication,the difference was signifi-cant (t =3.12,P <0.05 and t =3.05,P <0.05).The time of gastrointestinal symptoms improvement and bilirubin subsided time in treatment group were significantly shorter than those of the control group(t =3.34,P <0.01 and t =4.52,P <0.01 ).During the treatment,there was no significant adverse reaction,and there were no differences between two groups in Alt,PTA,HBV DNA,infection,gastrointestinal bleeding,hepatic encephalopathy and hepatore-nal syndrome.The effective rate of treatment group was 75.2%,which was higher than 50.3% of the control group (χ2 =11.02,P <0.01).Conclusion Patients with HBV -related hepatic failure of short -term application of thy-mosin alpha -1 with glucocorticoid treatment,can quickly improve symptoms,greatly improve the efficiency of survival rate,shortem hospitalization period,reduce side effects and enhance security.

Objective To investigate the value of CD5 molecule-like protein(CD5L) and partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood(PaCO2) in predicting the survival of patients with severe asthma and mechanical ventilation.Methods From Jan.2013 to Jan.2016,a total of 38 patients with severe asthma and mechanical ventilation were enrolled.Acute Physiology and Chronic Health EvaluationⅡ(APACHE II)were used to assess the severity.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum levels of CD5L at admission and 6 h after treatment.PaCO2 were also detected.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between APACHEⅡ score and CD5L and PaCO2 levels.Receiver operation characteristic(ROC) curve was used to evaluate the value of CD5L and PaCO2 in predicting the survival of patients.Results APACHEⅡscores of survival patients were significantly higher than dead patients(P<0.05).CD5L level of survival patients after treatment was significantly lower than dead patients,while PaCO2 level was significantly higher(P<0.05).APACHEⅡ score was negatively correlated with serum CD5L level(r=-0.347,P<0.05),while positively correlated with PaCO2 level(r=0.573,P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that serum CD5L and PaCO2 were with predictive value for prediction the survival of patients,with sensitivity of 93.33%,specificity of 75.00%,accuracy of 89.47%,positive predictive value of 93.33%,and negative predictive value of 75.00% for CD5L,and those for PaCO2 were 90.00%,87.50%,89.47%,97.42% and 70.00%.Conclusion With the decreasing of CD5L level and increasing of PaCO2 level,severity of disease in patients with severe asthma and mechanical ventilation could be more serious condition,indicating poor prognosis.CD5L and PaCO2 could be with fine predictive value of survival of patients with severe asthma and mechanical ventilation.

Objective To indentify the gene expression on different fractionated radiation regimens with the same total radiation dose in xenografts with human lung adenocareinoma. Methods Forty-eight BALB/c-nu mice, implanted with human lung adenocarcinoma (Anip973), were randomized into 4 groups: normal control greup,60 Gy in 30 fractions conventional radiation group (2 Gy group) ,60 Gy in 10 fractions hypofractionated radiation group (6 Gy group) ,60 Gy in 6 fractions hypofractionaed radiation group (10 Gy group). Gene alterations were investigated with the microchip analytical procedures covering the entire genome. Genes with significantly different expression were further validated by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Compared to the 2 Gy group, the expression of the genes related with the cell growth inhibition and apoptesis was increased, while the genes related with the cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis and DNA damage repair were decreased in the 6 Gy and 10 Gy groups. Confirmed by RT-PCR, c-myc gene was distinctly suppressed in the 6 Gy group (2. 9%) comparing with 2 Gy (5.6%) group and 10 Gy (4.8%) group (P=0. 000,P=0. 002) , and was slightly suppressed in the 10 Gy group comparing with 2 Gy group (P = 0. 069). Conclusions In the BALB/c-nu mice implanted with human lung adenocarcinoma, the hypofractionated radiation regimens clearly inhibit the tumor growth more than conventional fractionation group, though with the same total dose. The 6 Gy group seem to be more effective than 10 Gy group in the inhibition of tumor growth.

Objective Mitotic spindle and midbody are both microtubule-based temporary structures during cell growth and play essential roles in mitosis.The purpose of this study was to establish a mature and efficient method to extract mitotic spindle and midbody.Methods Through the cell cycle synchronization method,mitotic spindle or midbody was made appear inside cells.Low permeability swelling and glycerol gradient centrifugation principles were then used to extract spindle and midbody.Results By Western Blot and immunofluorescence staining,the extracts were identified as mitotic spindle and midbody.Conclusions The successful extraction of mitotic spindle and midbody from synchronized Hela cells will provide foundation for identifying the proteins located in cell during mitosis,and be of great significance to the study of molecular regulation mechanisms of mitosis and tumorigenesis.

Pneumoconiosis is the most common occupational disease in China, which severely endangers people's health. Depending on the inhaled air pollutants, pneumoconiosis is classified as anthracosis, silicosis, asbestosis, etc., among which silicosis is the most common and serious. Silicosis is a systemic, poor prognostic disease characterized by diffuse fibrosis of lung tissue, which is caused by long-term exposure to dust with high levels of free silicon dioxide (SiO₂) in the occupational environment. Appropriate treatment in time is important for the disease. Unfortunately, no effective drugs have been approved to delay or even reverse pulmonary fibrosis caused by SiO₂. This review briefly classifies potent therapeutic drugs and compounds in term of mechanisms, providing the probability for clinical treatment of silicosis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Composite Sophora Colon-soluble Capsules (CSCC) in treating patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) of internal dampness-heat syndrome type (IDHS) and compared with that of Mesalazine slow releasing granules (trade name: Etiasa).

METHODSAdopting randomized double-blinded double-simulated and positive drug controlled clinical design, 160 patients with UC of IDHS type were randomly assigned to two groups, 120 in the trial group was treated with CSCC plus Etiasa simulated placebo for 8 weeks, while 40 in the control group with Etiasa plus CSCC simulated placebo. Comprehensive therapeutic efficacy, effects on syndrome and safety of treatment were assessed, and changes of endoscopic features, Chinese medical syndrome scores and symptom score, activity index (AI) of UC, microscopic pathology in the two groups were observed and compared before and after treatment.

RESULTSAfter 8-week treatment, the clinical total effective rate in the two groups were 92.0% and 83.3%, the effective rate on Chinese medical syndrome in them were 91.7% and 85.0%, that on endoscopic features 92.0% and 83.3%, on microscopic changes 66.7% and 52.0%, respectively, showing insignificant difference between groups. Difference between groups in AI also showed no significance (1.03 +/- 1.87 vs 1.78 +/- 2.18, P > 0.05). However, the effects of decreasing Chinese medical syndrome score, and improving mucous pus blood stool and foul defecation in the trial group were more significantly (P < 0.05). No serious adverse event was seen in the 8-week treatment period.

CONCLUSIONSThe clinical efficacy of CSCC was not inferior to, or even better than that of Etiasa. It could be taken as a substitute of chemicals if with poor effect.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Sophora ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult