Anesthesia ; methods ; trends ; Anesthesiology ; methods ; trends ; Anesthetics ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Big Data ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; methods ; Medicine

To elucidate the molecular mechanism of resveratrol against leukemia both in vitro and in vivo.

0.05). Conclusions Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum during retroperitoneoscopy has no obvious influence on hepatic functions, renal functions and myocardial enzymogram. It may not cause significant damage to patients with normal heart, hepatic, and renal functions.

Objective To compare the safety,effectiveness and predictability of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with fem- tosecond laser (IntraLase) and mechanical microkeratome (Moria M2,head 90?m).Design Prospective clinical study.Participant 148 patients (274 eyes) with high myopia received operation of LASIK.Method The patients were assigned to receiving LASIK with corneal flap creation by Intralase femtosecond laser (134 eyes of 76 patients) or Moria 90 keratome (140 eyes of 72 patients),both groups receiving eximer laser ablation with VISX Star S4.Followed-up examinations such as visual acuity,refraction,wavefront aberra- tion,etc.were scheduled for 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months postoperatively.Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity,refrac- tion,wavefront aberration,Schirmer test and tear film breakup time(BUT).Results At 3 months after operation,108 eyes (80.6%) of IntraLase group had UCVA better than or equal to BSCVA preoperatively,showing no statistically significant difference to microker- atome group (116 eyes,82.9%,P=0.642).The mean residual spheroequivalent of refraction of IntraLase group was -0.49?0.70D,show- ing no statistically significant difference to microkeratome group (-0.56?0.83D,P=0.448).The mean Schirmer test of Intralase group was 9.5?4.0mm,showing no statistically significant difference to microkeratome group (9.5?7.2mm,P=0.950).The mean BUT of IntraLase group was 7.9?4.3s,showing no statistically significant difference to microkeratome group (8.08?5.48s,P=0.869).The postoperative higher-order aberrations of the IntraLase group was 0.480?0.133?m,lower than that of microkeratome group (0.578?0.169?m,P=0.034). Conclusions Thin-flap LASIK with femtosecond laser and mechanical keratome flap creation are both safe,effective for the correction of high myopia,showing good predictability and stability.Femtosecond laser has slightly better clinical outcomes than microkeratome.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for eye cyclotorsion and pupil centroid shift during LASIK.Design Non-controlled retrospective case series.Participant 131 patients (262 eyes) with myopia received bilateral LASIK.Methods Eye cy- clotorsion and pupil centroid shift were measured with Custom Vue~(TM) software during operation and compared with age,gender,right or left eye,flap-making method,spherical equivalent (SE),pupil diameter before and during operation.Main Outcome Measures The de- gree of eye cyclotorsion and distance of pupil centroid shift during LASIK.Results The mean eye cyclotorsion during LASIK was 3.07??2.07?(0?-8.6?).The mean pupil centroid shift was 0.33?0.14 mm (0.04-0.51 mm).The eye cyclotorsion was relevant to preoperative pupil size,difference of pupil size before and during operation,and preoperative SE (r=0.188,0.156,0.130,all P7.0 mm was higher than that of with pupil diameter≤7.0mm (3.35??2.17?,2.71??1.89?,P=-0.014).Pupil centroid shift was higher in fight eyes than that in left eyes (0.39?0.12 mm,0.28?0.13 mm,P=0.000).Conclu- sion Eye cyclotorsion and pupil centroid shift during LASIK can be measured with Custom Vue~(TM) system.The eye cyclotorsion may be influenced by the preoperative pupil size.The pupil centroid during LASIK was more significant in the right eyes than in the left eyes.

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of central venous catheters inserted from the left side and right side during peripheral inserted central catheterizations (PICC). Methods Totally 458 adult patients undergoing PICC between May 2007 and May 2008 were enrolled in this study and divided randomly into right-sided group (n = 228)and left-slded group (n = 230). Chest X-ray was performed immediately after catheterization to identify the initial tip locations. Other parameters were evaluated during follow-up. Results The rate of difficult insertion was significantly lower in right-sided group than in left-sided group (14.9% vs 24. 8% , P =0.003). The rate of tip projection angle ＞40°was also significantly lower in right-sided group (2.2% vs 23.4% ,P = 0. 000). The rate of tips reaching the central veins was not significantly different between two groups (54.4%vs 53.0% , P = 0. 538). Compared with right-sided catheters, the tip positions in the left-sided group was significantly less frequently located in the inferior segment of superior vena cave in the central tip locations (6. 6% vs 21.0% , P =0. 001)and more commonly positioned in the nominate vein in non-central tip locations (66. 7% vs 48.1% , P = 0. 008). In addition, the catheter detaining time (P = 0. 617), incidence of local phlebitis after puncture (P = 0. 561), catheter obstruction rate (P = 0. 774), and catheter-related infection rate (P = 0. 854)showed no significant differences between two groups. The incidence of swollen limb was significantly lower inright-sided group than in left-sided group (4. 4% vs 8.3%, P = 0. 043). Conclusions Right-sided catheters provide better outcomes than left-sided catheters. PICC through the right elbow veins should be preferred in clinical practices.

Objective:To investigate the optimal administration approach of using aspirin by observing the effects of the rats in-testinal mucosal barrier and somatostatin receptors level with different administration approaches of using non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs-aspirin.Methods:32 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:oral intake group,enema group,intraperitoneal injection group and control group.Every group had 8 rats.The ileum mucosal injury was scored.The level and distribution of SSTRs in every group was detected by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, respectively, The IOD score in each group was measured by image analysis.Results:(1) The scores of ileum mucosal injury in aspirin experimental groups were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), but there were no difference among aspirin experimental groups.( 2 ) All subtypes of SSTR were expressed in rat intestinal mucosa.However,SSRT1 and SSTR2 were expressed mainly ( P<0.05 ).( 3 ) The expressions of SSTR1-5 on intestinal mucosa in aspirin experimental groups were significantly less than that in control group (P<0.05).(4) There was incompletely no same effects of SSTR1-5 in intestinal mucosa by different approaches ( P<0.05 ).( 5 ) There were no significant difference of SST concentration and IOD score among all groups ( P>0.05).Conclusion:Aspirin can damage the rat intestinal mucosa.Aspirin could lead to the decrease of SSTR1-5 expression in the intestinal mucosa.All subtypes of SSTR in rat small intestine mucosa were expressed, suggesting that aspirin could affect the barrier function of the intestine.There were different influences on SSTR1-5 expression by different administration approaches,suggesting aspirin by parenteral approach may reduce the intestinal damage.

Objective To investigate the effects of interferon regulator factor 3 (IRF3) shRNA on the expression of TLR4 downstream signal molecules including IRF3-IFN-β, NF-κB/p38 MAPK-TNF-α/IL-1βand IL-10 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Kupffer cells (KCs). Methods KCs were isolated from rats by in situ perfusion. The adenovirus strains carrying IRF3 shRNA were used for the transfection of purified KCs. The isolated KCs were randomly divided into four groups including adenovirus(-) LPS(-) treatment group, adenovirus(-) LPS(+) treatment group, adenovirus(+) LPS(-) treatment group and ad-enovirus(+) LPS(+) treatment group. The levels of cytokines in the supernatants of KC culture were detec-ted by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) . Real-time PCR and Western blot assay were per-formed to analyze the expression of related cytokines at mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Results The expression of IRF3 at mRNA and protein levels in primary cultured KCs were induced by LPS. The cel-lular constitutive expression of IRF3 at mRNA level and the LPS-induced expression of IRF3 were signifi-cantly inhibited after transfection of KCs with adenovirus strains carrying IRF3 shRNA. However, the nucle-ar constitutive expression of IRF3 protein was not affected by IRF3 shRNA. The expression of IFN-βat mR-NA and protein levels in KCs were induced by LPS, but were suppressed by the interference with IRF3 shR-NA. No significant changes of the cellular constitutive expression of IFN-βat mRNA and protein levels were observed in IRF3 shRNA-treated KCs. Enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-αand IL-1β at mRNA and protein levels were detected in LPS-stimulated KCs. Transfection of KCs with ade-novirus strains carrying IRF3 shRNA inhibited the LPS-induced secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β, but neither LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-1β at mRNA level nor cellular constitutive expression of TNF-αand IL-1βat mRNA and protein levels were affected by IRF3 shRNA. The LPS-induced expression of IL-10 at mRNA and protein levels were enhanced in IRF3 shRNA-treated KCs. However, the cellular constitutive expression of IL-10 at mRNA and protein levels were not affected by the adenovirus. The levels of phosphor-NF-κB p65 subunit and phosphor-p38 MAPK protein in the nuclei of KCs were increased upon the stimula-tion with LPS. Treatment of KCs with IRF3 shRNA showed no significant effects on nuclear phosphor-NF-κB p65 subunit and phosphor-p38 MAPK. Conclusion Transfection of LPS-stimulated primary KCs with ade-novirus strains carrying IRF3 shRNA could effectively inhibit the expression of IRF3 and the transduction of downstream signals. IRF3 enhanced the secretion of TNF-αand IL-1β, but inhibited the expression of IL-10 in LPS-treated KCs. The LPS-induced activation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK in KCs were not affected by IRF3 signal.

Objective To investigate the impacts of adenovirus on the transfection efficiency and proliferative activity of primary Kupffer cells (KCs). Methods Rat liver KCs were separated and purified by density gradient centrifugation , and was then transfected with adenovirus carrying green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene at different multiplicity of infection (MOI). After 24 h, the transfection efficiency was evaluated by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The proliferative activity of KCs was assessed by colorimetric method. Results The positive percentages of GFP staining cells were statistically different among different doses of adenovirus (MOI 0, 100, 300, 500, 700 and 900) under fluorescence microscopy or by flow cytometry (P <0.05 for all comparisons). The cell proliferative activity had significant differences among MOI 300, 500, 700 and 900(P < 0.05 for all comparisons), but had no differences among MOI 0, 100 and 300 (P > 0.05 for all comparisons) by CCK8 assay. Conclusions KCs can effectively be transfected by GFP adenovirus; and with an increase in virus MOI, the transfection efficiency rises gradually. A higher dose of adenovirus may have a negative effect on cell proliferative.