Over-expression of the HGF/SF-c-Met plays an important role in tumor metastasis. It has been demonstrated that activation of its pathway may promote almost every step of tumor metastasis. Recently, blocking its pathway to prevent tumor cell metastasis has become a focus in anti-tumor studies. This review will address the progress in studies on the effects of HGF/SF-c-Met on growth, invasion, and metastasis of tumors and inhibitors of its pathway.

It is important to pay more attention to students’ basic skills training and their comprehensive abilities cultivating in microbiology experiment teaching. Explorations and reforms in enforcing the students’ base and cultivating their abilities were carried out in order to improve teaching quality and train specialized talents with high quality.

Background and purpose:Arsenic trioxide,verified as a breakthrough in the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia,has been applied to a variety of solid tumors.Gall bladder carcinoma,lacking specific clinical manifestations,is usually diagnosed at advanced stages of the diseases and few cases can be resected by operation.Chemotherapy has not shown significant activity in gall bladder carcinoma.This study was to investigate the biological effect of As2O3 on the growth of human gall bladder carcinoma cell and its mechanism.Methods:GBC cells were cultured with different concentrations of As2O3,the proliferative activity of the cells was detected by MTT methods,and the cell cycle status was carried out by flow cytometry(FCM).Western blot and RT-PCR were performed to analyse the expression of cyclin D1,D2,D3,CDK4 and CDK6.GBC cells were transient transfected with cyclin D1 promoter construct pGL3 and then treated by different doses of As2O3.The luciferase activity was measured.Results:The treatment of As2O3 in gall bladder carcinoma cells could inhibit the growth of cells in a time and dose dependent manner,make cells arrest in G1 phase and down regulate the expression of cyclin D1.In addition,the activity of cyclin D1 promoter was down-regulated by As2O3 in a dose-dependent manner and decreased about 70 percent when treated with 4 ?mol/L As2O3.Conclusions:As2O3 can significantly inhibit the growth of human gall bladder carcinoma cells as well as down-regulate the expression of cyclin D1 in vitro.

A set of teaching methods have been explored and practiced in this paper, which include paying attention to knowledge originating process teaching, enhancing thought training, constructing microbiology knowledge system, concerning reality, following the advanced achievement during the microbiology class teaching process, in order to improve teaching quality overall, cultivate students’ innovative ability.

Objective To investigate the significance of the expression of serum LDH and β2-MG in predicting survival of NHL patients and there correlations with clinical parameters. Methods The serum levels of LDH and β2-MG of 429 patients with NHL were measured by rate method and immunoturbidimetry.Besides,the clinical reference of the patients such as gender,age,B symptoms,clinical stages,extranodal sites and Karnofsky evaluation were summarized and grouped.All patients' survival status were achieved via phone and letter. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS program for Windows (version 16.0).Results The levels of LDH and β2-MG in age,B symptom,the advanced stage,extranodal sites≥2,Karnofsky evaluation were obviously higher than their counterpart and the difference was significant (P＜0.001). The median of LDH and β2-MG lever in age group was 229 U/L,190 U/L, 2.4 mg/L,1.7 mg/L. In B symptom was 260 U/L,192 U/L,2.3 mg/L, 1.7 mg/L. In clinical stage was 252 U/L, 175 U/L, 2.5 mg/L, 1.6 mg/L. In extranodal sites group was 278 U/L,195 U/L,2.4 mg/L,1.8 mg/L.In Karnofsky evaluation group was 250 mg/L,195 mg/L,2.2 mg/L,1.8 mg/L.LDH level of invasive lymphoma was significantly higher than that of indolent ones (median 211U/L,175 U/L,P=0.002),but there were no difference in the 32-MG level (P=0.937). There were no statistical significance about LDH and β2-MG levels in gender and cell type (P＞0.05).Overall survival rates were different between the abnormal LDH group and the normal LDH group (χ2=119.029, P＜0.001).Overall survival rates were different between the elevated β2-MG group and the normal β2-MG group (χ2 =104.733,P＜0.001).Overall survival rates of the abnormal LDH/β2-MG group was significantly lower than that of normal group (x2=192.326,P＜0.001).Multivariate analysis in Cox regression showed that LDH,β2-MG,age,clinical stages, extranodal sites, Karnmofsky evaluation and aggressive were independent prognostic factors.Conclusion The level of serum LDH and β2-MG can be taken as an auxiliary clinical index to evaluate the prognosis of the NHL patients.

ObjectiveTo provide clues to find a biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, as well as to understand the molecular mechanisms governing cancer progression. Methods Surgical specimens were obtained from 87 patients with histopathologically proven malignant or benign lesions. The differential protein profiles of these malignant and benign specimens were detected using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). Western blotting and immuno-histochemistry were used to validate the results. RT-PCR was used to detect the gene expression in the tissues. ResultsMrp14 was found to be overexpressed in the tumor tissues of gallbladder cancer and extra-hepatic bile duct cancer, and in the bile of patients with malignant biliary tract tumours. The result was further verified using Western blot and immuno-histochemistry. RT-PCR confirmed the overexpression of Mrpl4 at the gene level. Mrp14 is a potential biomarker for biliary tract neoplasms. ConclusionsThis is the first report which described the overexpression of Mrp14 in biliary tract neoplasms and further studies are needed to confirm our findings. Mrp14 may be a potential hiomarker for biliary tract neoplasms. It may provide important clues on the molecular mechanisms governing cancer progression.

PURPOSE: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved molecular chaperones. There are various studies that assess the prognostic value of HSPs in patients with esophageal cancer, but the conclusion remains controversial. This is the first meta-analysis study aiming to summarize the evidence on the suitability of HSPs to predict patients' survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Searching PubMed, Web of science and Medline until May 31, 2014, data were compared for overall survival in patients with down-regulated HSPs level with those with up-regulated level. We conducted a meta-analysis of 9 studies (801 patients) that correlated HSPs levels with overall survival. Data were synthesized with hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS: The estimated risk of death was 2.93-fold greater in HSP27 negative patients than HSP27 positive patients [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12-7.62]. When limited to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the risk of death in HSP27 negative patients seemed more significant (HR, 3.90; 95% CI, 2.35-6.49). Decreased expression of HSP70 was also associated with worse survival in esophageal cancer (HR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.90-4.23) and, when limited to ESCC, HR was 3.21 (95% CI, 1.94-5.30). Data collected, however, were not sufficient to determine the prognostic value of HSP90 in patients with ESCC nor esophageal adenocarcinomas (EADC). CONCLUSION: In this meta-analysis, reduced HSP27 and HSP70 expressions were associated with poor survival in patients with esophageal cancer, especially esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma/*diagnosis/*metabolism/mortality ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis/*metabolism/therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*metabolism/mortality/therapy ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Heat-Shock Proteins/*metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Prognosis ; Survival ; Treatment Outcome

This paper studies the vein extraction technique based on the susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and introduced an improved self-adaptive threshold method based on the vessel enhancing diffusion. The approach employs the combination indicator of the local gray character, the global gray character and the tubular information of the vein. It first applies the vessel enhancing diffusion filter to enhance the continuity of the vein, increases the detection rate of tiny vein and suppresses the nucleus areas. And then it uses the improved self-adaptive threshold method to extract the vein. The results demonstrate that this approach can solve the problem above and extract the vein from the SWI image accurately.
Cerebral Veins ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional

Objective To assess the contribution of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) in detecting breast carcinoma of dense breasts. Methods To retrospectively analyze the imaging and clinical data of 52 female patients with breast carcinoma which were confirmed by pathology in Tai'an Central Hospital of Shandong Province from April 2017 to April 2018.All cases classified as dense or uneven dense breasts by DM examination underwent Ultrasound (US), digital mammography (DM), CESM, dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI).The breast imaging report and data system (BI-RADS) and breast density classification were both evaluated using the 5th edition of BI-RADS. The efficacy of US, DM, DM+CESM, DCE-MRI in detecting breast carcinoma (BI-RADS 5) was evaluated by χ2 test. Results Histopathology confirmed that 87 lesions were malignant and 35 lesions were benign. The sensitivity of US, DM, DM +CESM, DCE-MRI were 66.67％(58/87), 64.37％(56/87), 100.00％(87/87), 100.00％(87/87) and the specificity were 94.28％(33/35), 74.28％(26/35), 85.71％(30/35), 51.43％(18/35), respectively. There was statistically significant difference in specificity (χ2=9.545, P=0.002) and BI-RADS 5 category, detection 39.08％(34/87), 22.99％(20/87), respectively (χ2=5.263, P=0.022) between the DM + CESM group and DCE-MRI group. Conclusion In dense breasts, CESM has a high application value in breast carcinoma diagnosis.