No abstract available.
Humans ; Mentally Ill Persons* ; Public Health*

Hip dislocation represents 2 to 5% of all joint dislocation whereas bilateral hip dislocation occurring as a result of trauma is rarely reported, accounting for 0.025 to 0.050% of hip dislocation cases. It is known that the simultaneous occurrence of traumatic dislocation with one anterior and the other posterior is even rarer. The case described showed a bilateral hip dislocation which occurred anteriorly at the right hip and posteriorly at the left with both femoral heads fractured as a result of a traffic accident. The right hip of the patient was dislocated in the anteroinferior direction of the right acetabulum, and the left hip in the posterosuperior direction of the left acetabulum. Both hip fractures were accompanied by fragments above the fovea centralis. The patient was treated by immediate reduction followed by skin traction. Partial weight bearing was performed after 6 weeks of bed rest and full weight bearing began on the 10th week. No complications such as avascular femoral head necrosis or traumatic arthritis occured.
Accidents, Traffic ; Acetabulum ; Arthritis ; Bed Rest ; Dislocations* ; Fovea Centralis ; Head* ; Hip ; Hip Dislocation ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Joints ; Necrosis ; Skin ; Traction ; Weight-Bearing

The Purposes of this article were to review school meal programs and school food safety practices in USA and to draw up improvement plan of school foodservice in Korea. American school meal programs are composed of national school lunch program(NSLP), school breakfast program(SBP), special milk program(SMP) and summer food service program(SFSP). More than 29 million children receive meals daily. School districts and independent schools that choose to take part in the NSLP get cash subsidies and donated commodities from the USDA for each meal they serve. In case of NSLP, around 59% of the participant students are benefited from free or reduced price. According to the U.S. Government Accounting Office, outbreaks of foodborne disease in schools are rare, but appear to be increasing in incidence proportional to overall increases. School outbreaks tends to comprise a greater number of large outbreaks and this shows a similarity with the foodborne disease trend in Korea. School districts, federal agencies, and state and local agencies in USA use or suggest useful food safety practices for school meal programs. They told that four of these practices had the potential to enhance the safety of school meal programs. The four practices are (1) employing key foodservice personnel who are trained and certified in food safety practices, (2) implementing a risk-based approach for safely preparing, storing, and serving foods, (3) purchasing precooked or irradiated meal and poultry products, and (4) applying the more stringent purchasing specifications that USDA uses when purchasing some of the food commodities it donates to schools.
Breakfast ; Child ; Disease Outbreaks ; Food Safety* ; Food Services ; Foodborne Diseases ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lunch ; Meals ; Milk ; Poultry Products ; United States Department of Agriculture

No abstract available.
Animals ; Calcium ; Rats* ; Urinary Bladder*

We conducted a retrospective study of 41 cases of clinically localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated with radical nephrectomy by our department between January 1987 and December 1993. The prognostic pathological parameters considered were tumor extension (pT stage), nuclear grading, histological grading, cell type, histologic growth pattern and tumor size. In the univariate analysis by log-rank test, three parameters showed prognostic significance, including pT stage, nuclear grading and tumor size. However, in the multivariate analysis using Cox's regressional hazard model, only two parameters including pT stage (p<0.001), nuclear grade (p<0.05) were found to have significantly independent prognostic value. But, nuclear grade considered in a given stage provided no significant influence (p>0.05). We think that nuclear grading cannot predict the outcome of patients at the same surgical stage. These results suggest that pathological stage of RCC may be the most important prognostic factor and the nuclear grade of tumor may provide additional important prognostic information.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nephrectomy ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: This study examined the rate of degeneration of acetabular cartilage by the bipolar head according to time, and also which clinical factors are related to the degeneration of acetabular cartilage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 192 patients (226 hip joints) who received bipolar hemiarthroplasty from August 1996 to August 2002, 61 patients (65 hip joints) were enrolled in this study, who were followed up for more than 2 years and showed no signs of dislocation, infection, or functional problems. A modified form of a computer assisted vector wear analysis program was used to measure the rate of degeneration of the acetabular cartilage. The factors that appeared to affect the rate of acetabular degeneration in the two groups was evaluated. RESULTS: The average linear degenerative change in the acetabular cartilage and the volumetric degenerative change were 0.23 +/- 0.107mm/year and 114 +/- 47.2mm3/year, respectively. The result showed significant differences in activity and HHS between the 2 groups. The HHS showed a reverse relationship with the linear degeneration and volumetric degeneration, and the activity showed a correlation with the linear and volumetric degeneration. CONCLUSION: The acetabular cartilage degenerates faster as the patient' activity increases, and slower with a higher HHS. When surgeons perform hip joint arthroplasty, it is strongly recommended that the life expectancy and the level of activity should be considered when deciding between a hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty.
Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/*adverse effects ; Cartilage, Articular/*radiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the short term results of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for avascular necrosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: This is a retrospective case control, matched pair study. Ten patients (15 hips) with SLE and avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH) underwent THA. Eight patients (12hips) with a minimum follow up of 2 years were reviewed. To determine whether these patients had results similar to those of patients with other diagnosis, we formed a control group of 12 patients who had 12 THA. They were matched for age, sex, BMI, activity, follow-up period, and type of implant with SLE group. The clinical and radiographic results were evaluated by Harris hip score (HSS) and serial radiographic findings, respectively. RESULTS: There was no complication during the perioperative period. In the SLE group, HHS was from 67.3 preoperatively to 97.7 at last follow-up. In the control group, HHS was from 70.1 preoperatively to 97.8 at last follow-up. On the last roentgenograms, none of acetabular components demonstrated any evidence of migration, tilt, rotation or shedding of metal particles in both groups. All femoral components demonstrated no evidence of subsidence, pedestal, or shedding of metal particles in both groups. CONCLUSION: Patients with SLE and AVNFH had excellent results after THA. Results were not different from that of patients who had hip replacement for other diagnoses. Therefore, it is considered that uncemented THA was useful treatment method for the patient who had SLE and AVNFH.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the current study is to introduce a surgical technique of total hip arthroplasty, by which a postsurgical neurologic deficit can be prevented and excellent clinical and radiological outcome can be obtained in patients with Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve hip joints underwent hip joint arthroplasty at our hospital between October 1995 and November 1997 due to hip joint arthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip. Among them six hip joints of five patients which belonged to the Crowe Classification IV were operated using cementless total hip arthroplasty with subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy. The medical records and radiographs of these five patients were reviewed. The average follow up period was 61.2 months (range of 40 to 77 months). Preoperative Harris hip score ranged from 61 to 71 (average, 66.2) points. Leg length discrepancy ranged from 2.0 to 5.5 (average, 4.1) cm. RESULTS: Harris Hip Score was improved to 95.3 (87 to 100) points at the last follow-up examination. The postoperative leg length was same bilaterally in five cases except for one case. Bone union in the osteotomy site was obtained three months after surgery. The radiolucent area and findings of movement of the acetabular cup were not observed. Subcidence of the femoral stem or pedestal formation was not observed in five cases. In one case, revision was done for the subcidence of 5 mm or more with radiolucent line around the entire stem and pedestal formation at 48 months postoperatively. One case showed femoral nerve paralysis immediately after the surgery, which recovered completely in six months after the surgery. CONCLUSION: This surgical technique is a useful method in total hip arthroplasty for the Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip without permanent neurologic deficit.
Acetabulum ; Arthritis ; Arthroplasty* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Classification ; Crows* ; Femoral Nerve ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Joint ; Hip* ; Humans ; Leg ; Medical Records ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Osteotomy* ; Paralysis

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the clinical and radiological findings as well as the and effectiveness of a two-stage reconstruction using the PROSTALAC for an infected hip bipolar hemiarthroplasty. This reconstruction technique comprises of an initial procedure, the removal of the implant, the insertion of a selfmade PROSTALAC and, a reconstruction with cementless implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From November 1996 to October 2001, at our institution, an infection around a hip arthroplasty which had been performed elsewhere in 13 patients (13 infected hips) was treated with a two-stage reconstruction. Postoperatively, all the patients returned for a clinical and radiographic followup at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and every year after the reconstruction to examine the recurrence of the infection and to determine if there was any loosening of the component. The average follow-up duration was 41.6 months (range, 28 months to 89 months). RESULTS: At the latest follow-up, there were no recurrence of the infection nor was there any loosening of the implants and Harris hip score changed from 52.4 preoperatively, to 84.0 postoperatively. CONCLUSION: A two-stage reconstruction for infected hip arthroplasty with cementless implants showed excellent results, no recurrence of the infection or loosening of the implants, and it is believed that this technique is effective and safe.
Arthroplasty ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemiarthroplasty* ; Hip* ; Humans ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: This study examined the rate of degeneration of the acetabular cartilage by the bipolar head according to time, and which clinical factors are related to the degeneration of the acetabular cartilage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 192 patients (226 hip joint) who were received bipolar hemiarthroplasty from August 1996 to August 2002, 61 patients (65 hip joint), who were followed up for more than 2 years and showed no signs of dislocation, infection and functional problems, were enrolled in this study. A modified form of a computer assisted vector wear analysis program was used to measure the rate of degeneration of the acetabular cartilage. The subjects were divided into two groups, those whose amount of degeneration of the acetabular cartilage was less than average and those whose amount of degeneration was more than average. The factors that appeared to affect the level of acetabular degeneration in the two groups were evaluated. RESULTS: After a bipolar hemiarthroplasty, the average linear degenerative change in the acetabular cartilage and the volumetric degenerative change was 0.23+/-0.107 mm/yr and 114+/-47.2 mm3/yr, respectively. The result showed significant differences with activity and the HHS between the two groups. The HHS showed a reverse relationship with the linear degeneration and volumetric degeneration, the activity showed a correlation with the linear and volumetric degeneration. CONCLUSION: The acetabular cartilage degenerates faster as the patient's activity increases, and slower with a higher HHS. When surgeons perform hip joint arthroplasty, it is strongly recommended that the life expectancy and the level of activity be considered when deciding between a hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty.
Acetabulum* ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular* ; Dislocations ; Head ; Hemiarthroplasty* ; Hip ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Life Expectancy