INTRODUCTION

Smoking is one of the biggest global public health problems. It is known that the use of tobacco can have detrimental effects on a person’s overall health. Thus, this study is geared towards determining the knowledge and attitude of medical residents about tobacco cessation.

The study determined the knowledge and attitudes of smoking cessation among VSMMC residents and assessed their understanding of the risks associated with tobacco use.

A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used employing an online survey of 171 medical residents from December 2022 to March 2023. An in-depth analysis of categorical variables related to demographic factors using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests was subsequently done.

Most have average knowledge and a good knowledge foundation about tobacco cessation. The majority, primarily aged 25 to 34, single are more knowledgeable about quitting smoking and its benefits as well as the women, although statistically not significant in proportion of the knowledge base. Approximately 69% were nonsmokers, and 87.7% lacked training in tobacco cessation. Only 8.2% demonstrated poor knowledge of smoking cessation, while 91.8% had average to good knowledge. Knowledge levels did not significantly differ based on demographics, smoking status, or training, except for residency type. Generally, they have a positive attitude towards tobacco cessation and agreed that it is part of their responsibility to assist and motivate patients. They recognized the positive impact on healthcare provider-patient relationships, and the minority felt discomfort counseling patients. Most believed in the availability of time to provide advice, and some acknowledged potential patient resistance or viewed quitting smoking as an individual choice.

The significant difference in knowledge based on residency type emphasizes the necessity for interventions to fill knowledge gaps and suggest areas for targeted educational interventions. The findings also underscore the importance of early education, as evidenced by the majority obtaining training during medical school.

No abstract available.
Nicotine* ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking* ; Tobacco Use Cessation Products*

The major burden of tobacco related diseases is borne by developing countries. Tobacco cessation is an important step in preventing mortality and morbidity due to tobacco related diseases. The objective of the study was to assess the profile of tobacco users utilizing the services of the district anti tobacco cell in Bangalore. A cross sectional study was carried out in 2009. Total of 122 persons above 18 years old, current tobacco users and who were motivated to quit were interviewed by a trained medical social worker. Information about the socio-demographic profile of the clients, details of tobacco use and nicotine dependence levels using Fagerstrom score was collected. SPSS 16.0 software was used for data analysis. The results have been presented using descriptive statistics and ANOVA tests. The study population was comprised of exclusively males. The mean age was 34.9 years. Seventy four percent (73.8%) were smokers while 26% were users of smokeless tobacco products. Fagerstrom scores showed that majority of tobacco users (54% of smokers and 63% of smokeless tobacco users) had moderate to high nicotine dependence. Most of the clients were self-referred. The average pack years of tobacco use and the mean Fagerstrom score were higher in the physician referred group indicating that physicians have access to tobacco users who could benefit the most from tobacco cessation efforts. Clients attending tobacco cessation clinics tend to have moderate to high tobacco dependence. Health care providers need to put in more efforts to refer tobacco users to tobacco cessation services. Improved physician awareness could help in stepping up tobacco cessation efforts.
Tobacco Use Cessation ; Lobeline ; Smoking ; Tobacco Use Disorder

PURPOSE: The specific aims of this study was to find out the barrier to smoking cessation intervention in clinical practice among clinical nurses and compare them in high barrier group with those in the low barrier group. METHOD: The sample of this study consisted of 738 nurses practicing in general hospitals with over 400 beds throughout the country. The questionnaire was adopted from the 'Oncology Nurse's Tobacco Control Survey' used in the United Stated by Sarna et al.(2001). RESULT: Age, marital status, hospital experience, position were the variables related to the mean score of subjective resource insufficiency. The perception that the patient was not motivated to quit smoking was the most commonly identified barrier in low barrier group and the second most common barrier in high barrier group. CONCLUSION: Younger, with less clinical experience, single, staff nurses were the characteristics of nurses in the high barrier group. The smoking cessation educational program should be targeted to these populations. Further research is needed to develope strategies to reduce the perception associated with barriers in delivery of tobacco cessation interventions.
Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking* ; Tobacco ; Tobacco Use Cessation ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine effects of smoking cessation program in large size company using motivational enhancement counseling. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was conducted. 72 workers in intervention group and 65 workers in control group participated in 7 large size companies. Smoking cessation program consisted of a campaign, smoking cessation education, and 6 weeks motivational enhancement counseling. The motivational enhancement counseling was tailored to the individual's stage of change. Stages of smoking behavior, smoking cessation rate, nicotine dependence, and confidence of smoking cessation were assessed after intervention. RESULTS: The results showed that intervention had a significant impact on improving stages of smoking behavior and smoking cessation rate, and impact on decreasing nicotine dependence, compared to those of a control group. CONCLUSION: The effects and feasibility of smoking cessation program including motivational enhancement counseling were revealed in the large size company. These results might provide information that can be used in improving cultures of smoking cessation for workers.
Counseling ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco Use Disorder

Graphic warning labels (GWLs) have been developed as a representative non-price policy to block such marketing. This study investigated the current state and effect of the global introduction of GWLs and examines the future tasks related to GWLs. We systematically reviewed literatures on GWL and a tobacco control strategy in the past fifteen years. The policy of enforcing GWLs has spread globally based on the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. GWLs are more effective than text warnings and are implemented in over 70 countries. The policy has showed the impact of GWLs as a preventive effect on adolescents' smoking, inducement of smoking cessation, reduction in the amount of tobacco smoked, and reduction in smoking rates. The success of an anti-smoking policy can manifests itself as an effect of individual policies, the rise of tobacco prices, and the introduction of GWLs.
Health Policy ; Health Promotion ; Internationality* ; Marketing ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation ; Smoking* ; Tobacco ; Tobacco Products* ; Tobacco Use

OBJECTIVES: The Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale has been reported as valid and useful measure for assessment of the level and the pattern of nicotine dependence. The aim of this study is to prove the validity and reliability of the Korean version of Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale and find out its predictive effect on smoking cessation. METHODS: 274 smokers who visited the public health center smoking cessation clinic were enrolled in this study. Fagerstrom test and K-NDSS were administered and the subjects started smoking cessation after basic assessment was done with the aid of bupropion and nicotine patch. Six month later smoking cessation success or failure was assessed through self report. RESULTS: K-NDSS factor structure was very similar to the original version of NDSS and has proved to be valid and reliable. Cronbach's alpha for K-NDSS-Total was .90, and Cronbach's alpha for each sub-factors are ranged from .66 to .85. Sub-factor, continuity and stereotypy can predict the possibility of smoking cessation success or failure. CONCLUSION: K-NDSS was proved to be a valid and a reliable measure of nicotine dependence, and its sub-factor continuity and stereotypy has predictive characteristic on smoking cessation.
Bupropion ; Nicotine* ; Public Health ; Reproducibility of Results ; Self Report ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco Use Cessation Products ; Tobacco Use Disorder*

Craving has been well known to be the most important clinical phenomenon in smoking cessation treatment and one that physicians always encounter. For successful and prolonged abstinence, understanding, evaluation, and management of craving are essential. The concept and definition of craving is still under debate, although its importance, relevance, and role in smoking relapse is evident. There are two types of craving, 'abstinence-induced craving' and 'cue-induced craving' according to time dynamic and causes. The evaluation of craving mainly depends on self-reported measures in the clinical field. Pharmacological treatments such as the nicotine patch, bupropion, and varenicline are effective for abstinence-induced craving. Psychosocial treatment and a few pharmacological agents such as nicotine gum and lozenges are useful for reducing cue-induced craving. This review was aimed at conveying up-to-date information on the characteristics, evaluation, and treatment of craving. Development of objective measurement tool for evaluation of craving is needed. The effects of pharmacological treatments on 'cue-induced craving' remain to be discovered. An active effort to alleviate each type of craving is necessary to enhance and prolong a patient's abstinence.
Benzazepines ; Bupropion ; Gingiva ; Nicotine ; Quinoxalines ; Recurrence ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco Use Cessation Products ; Tobacco Use Disorder ; Varenicline

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to increase knowledge regarding the dangers associated with tobacco use, and decrease secondhand smoke exposure and tobacco use behaviors with an antitobacco messaging campaign among rural, medically underserved, blue-collar workers. METHODS: A quasiexperimental study was conducted with employees at two worksites. One worksite received the intervention, which consisted of nine different antitobacco messages. Baseline and follow-up surveys were conducted at each worksite to assess change in knowledge and behavior; the data were compared across the two worksites. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-two and 243 participants completed baseline and follow-up surveys at the intervention and comparison sites, respectively. A statistically significant difference was seen over time between the worksites on knowledge of the dangers of tobacco (p < 0.0001); the mean knowledge score increased at the intervention site, but remained unchanged at the comparison site. In general, nonsmokers at both worksites appeared to try to decrease exposure to secondhand smoke over the follow-up period. Repeated measures analysis indicated that there were no differences in motivation to quit (p = 0.81), interest in quitting (p = 0.40), thinking about quitting (p = 0.53), or several tobacco-use behaviors over time among smokers at the intervention and comparison worksites. There were slight increases over time in the proportion of smokers who do not allow smoking in their homes/vehicles at the intervention worksite, although not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Participants at the intervention worksite increased their knowledge regarding the dangers of tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure. Among current tobacco users, the intervention appeared to increase family rules regarding secondhand smoke exposure in their homes and vehicles.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Motivation ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Thinking ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; Tobacco Use ; Tobacco Use Cessation* ; Tobacco* ; Workplace

BACKGROUND: The harmfulness of cigarette smoking is widely known, as a result the interest of smoking cessation is increasing. Some smoking cessation methods have tried at clinical setting, but with exception of nicotine replacement therapy, the long term result is not satisfactory. The objective of this study is to determine of smoking cessation effectiveness of aromatherapy, which one of the alternative medicine, attracted public attention recently. METHODS: All participants of this study used nicotine patch, and as a double blind randomized control study with use of natural herb aroma which is known to have tranquility effect and placebo(artificial lemon perfume). The subjects consist of Dan Kook University Hospital workers who volunteered as smoking cessation. 6 weeks of smoking cessation program was conducted using nicotine patch and aroma or nicotine patch and placebo, and the result were verified 6 weeks and 6 month after the start of smoking cessation. RESULT: Fifty three male persons(27 in aroma, 26 in placebo) participated and three subjects(2 in aroma, one in placebo) were dropped out. In two groups, participants with successful results were 13 persons in aroma group, and 14 persons in placebo group at 6 week later, and 6 persons and 7 persons respective at 6 month later. There was no statistical difference in two groups. CONCLUSION: There was no statistical difference between the herb aroma and placebo with smoking cessation effect.
Aromatherapy* ; Complementary Therapies ; Humans ; Male ; Nicotine ; Smoke* ; Smoking Cessation* ; Smoking* ; Tobacco Use Cessation Products