OBJECTIVE: To investigate the surgical technique and effectiveness of titanium elastic nail (TEN) assisted retrograde channel screw implantation of superior pubic branch. METHODS: The clinical data of 31 patients with pelvic or acetabular fractures treated with retrograde channel screw implantation in superior pubic branch between January 2021 and April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 16 cases were implanted with assistance of TEN (study group) and 15 cases were implanted under the guidance of C-arm X-ray machine (control group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, cause of injury, Tile classification of pelvic fracture, Judet-Letournal classification of acetabular fracture, and time from injury to operation between the two groups ( P>0.05). The operation time, fluoroscopy times, and intraoperative blood loss of each superior pubic branch retrograde channel screw were recorded during operation. X-ray films and three-dimensional CT were reexamined after operation, the quality of fracture reduction was evaluated by Matta score standard, and the position of channel screw was evaluated by screw position classification standard. The fracture healing time was recorded during the follow-up, and the postoperative functional recovery was evaluated by Merle D'Aubigne Postel score system at last follow-up. RESULTS: Nineteen and 20 retrograde channel screws of superior pubic branch were implanted in the study group and the control group, respectively. The operation time, fluoroscopy times, and intraoperative blood loss of each screw in the study group were significantly less than those in the control group ( P<0.05). According to the postoperative X-ray films and three-dimensional CT, none of the 19 screws in the study group penetrated out of the cortical bone or into the joint, and the excellent and good rate was 100% (19/19); in the control group, there were 4 screws of cortical bone penetration, and the excellent and good rate was 80% (16/20); the difference between the two groups was significant ( P<0.05). Matta score standard was used to evaluate the quality of fracture reduction, there was no patient in the two groups with poor reduction results, and the difference was not significant between the two groups ( P>0.05). The incisions of the two groups healed by first intention, and there was no complication such as incision infection, skin margin necrosis, and deep infection. All patients were followed up 8-22 months, with an average of 14.7 months. There was no significant difference in healing time between the two groups ( P>0.05). At last follow-up, the difference in functional recovery evaluated by the Merle D'Aubigne Postel scoring system between the two groups was not significant ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION TEN assisted implantation technique can significantly shorten the operation time of retrograde channel screw implantation of superior pubic branch, reduce the times of fluoroscopy, and have less intraoperative blood loss and accurate screw implantation, which provides a new safe and reliable method for minimally invasive treatment of pelvic and acetabular fractures.
Humans ; Titanium ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods* ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Retrospective Studies ; Bone Screws ; Treatment Outcome ; Fractures, Bone/surgery* ; Spinal Fractures ; Hip Fractures

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of conventional sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) surface coated with a pH buffering solution based on surface wettability, blood protein adhesion, osteoblast affinity, and platelet adhesion and activation.METHODS: Titanium discs and implants with conventional SLA surface (SA), SLA surface in an aqueous calcium chloride solution (CA), and SLA surface with a pH buffering agent (SOI) were prepared. The wetting velocity was measured by the number of threads wetted by blood over an interval of time. Serum albumin adsorption was tested using the bicinchoninic acid assay and by measuring fluorescence intensity. Osteoblast activity assays (osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, mineralization, and migration) were also performed, and platelet adhesion and activation assays were conducted.RESULTS: In both the wetting velocity test and the serum albumin adsorption assay, the SOI surface displayed a significantly higher wetting velocity than the SA surface (P=0.000 and P=0.000, respectively). In the osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization tests, the mean values for SOI were all higher than those for SA and CA. On the osteoblast migration, platelet adhesion, and activation tests, SOI also showed significantly higher values than SA (P=0.040, P=0.000, and P=0.000, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: SOI exhibited higher hydrophilicity and affinity for proteins, cells, and platelets than SA. Within the limits of this study, it may be concluded that coating an implant with a pH buffering agent can induce the attachment of platelets, proteins, and cells to the implant surface. Further studies should be conducted to directly compare SOI with other conventional surfaces with regard to its safety and effectiveness in clinical settings.
Adsorption ; Blood Platelets ; Calcium Chloride ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; Dental Implants ; Fluorescence ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Immunoassay ; In Vitro Techniques ; Miners ; Osteoblasts ; Serum Albumin ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; Wettability

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: The aim of our study was to analyze the safety and effectiveness of posterior pedicle screw fixation for treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis (PSD) without formal debridement of the infected tissue. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Posterior titanium screw fixation without formal debridement of the infected tissue and anterior column reconstruction for the treatment of PSD is still controversial. METHODS: From March 2008 to June 2013, 18 patients with PSD underwent posterior titanium fixation with or without decompression, according to their neurological deficit. Postero-lateral fusion with allograft transplantation alone or bone graft with both the allogenic bone and the autologous bone was also performed. The outcome was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and the Frankel grading system for neurological status. Normalization both of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was adopted as criterion for discontinuation of antibiotic therapy and infection healing. Segmental instability and fusion were also analyzed. RESULTS: At the mean follow-up time of 30.16 months (range, 24-53 months), resolution of spinal infection was achieved in all patients. The mean CRP before surgery was 14.32±7.9 mg/dL, and at the final follow-up, the mean CRP decreased to 0.5±0.33 mg/dL (p<0.005). Follow-up computed tomography scan at 12 months after surgery revealed solid fusion in all patients. The VAS before surgery was 9.16±1.29 and at the final follow-up, it improved to 1.38±2.03, which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Eleven patients out of eighteen (61.11%) with initial neurological impairment had an average improvement of 1.27 grades at the final follow-up documented with the Frankel grading system. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior screw fixation with titanium instrumentation was safe and effective in terms of stability and restoration of neurological impairment. Fixation also rapidly reduced back pain.
Allografts ; Back Pain ; Blood Sedimentation ; C-Reactive Protein ; Debridement* ; Decompression ; Discitis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Pedicle Screws ; Retrospective Studies ; Titanium* ; Transplants

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: The aim of our study was to analyze the safety and effectiveness of posterior pedicle screw fixation for treatment of pyogenic spondylodiscitis (PSD) without formal debridement of the infected tissue. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Posterior titanium screw fixation without formal debridement of the infected tissue and anterior column reconstruction for the treatment of PSD is still controversial. METHODS: From March 2008 to June 2013, 18 patients with PSD underwent posterior titanium fixation with or without decompression, according to their neurological deficit. Postero-lateral fusion with allograft transplantation alone or bone graft with both the allogenic bone and the autologous bone was also performed. The outcome was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and the Frankel grading system for neurological status. Normalization both of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was adopted as criterion for discontinuation of antibiotic therapy and infection healing. Segmental instability and fusion were also analyzed. RESULTS: At the mean follow-up time of 30.16 months (range, 24-53 months), resolution of spinal infection was achieved in all patients. The mean CRP before surgery was 14.32±7.9 mg/dL, and at the final follow-up, the mean CRP decreased to 0.5±0.33 mg/dL (p<0.005). Follow-up computed tomography scan at 12 months after surgery revealed solid fusion in all patients. The VAS before surgery was 9.16±1.29 and at the final follow-up, it improved to 1.38±2.03, which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Eleven patients out of eighteen (61.11%) with initial neurological impairment had an average improvement of 1.27 grades at the final follow-up documented with the Frankel grading system. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior screw fixation with titanium instrumentation was safe and effective in terms of stability and restoration of neurological impairment. Fixation also rapidly reduced back pain.
Allografts ; Back Pain ; Blood Sedimentation ; C-Reactive Protein ; Debridement* ; Decompression ; Discitis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Pedicle Screws ; Retrospective Studies ; Titanium* ; Transplants

Various microrobots are being studied for potential biomedical applications including targeted cell transportation, precise drug delivery, opening blocked blood vessels, micro-surgery, sensing, and scaffolding. Precise magnetic field control system is a coil system for wireless control of those microrobots for personalized and minimally invasive treatments. The microrobots for possible biomedical applications are fabricated by micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) technologies. In this review, fabrication technologies for scaffold and ciliary microrobots will be introduced and their control methods will be discussed. Various materials are being used for the fabrication of the microrobot such as SU-8, IP-Dip, IP-L, silicon, etc. The scaffold and ciliary microrobots are fabricated by SU-8, IP-Dip, and IP-L because these materials showed the maximum performance for three-dimensional (3D) microrobots using a 3D laser lithography system. All or part of the structures are coated with nickel and titanium layers after fabrication of the structures for magnetic control and biocompatibility, respectively, of the microrobots.
Blood Vessels ; Humans ; Magnetic Fields ; Micro-Electrical-Mechanical Systems ; Nickel ; Silicon ; Titanium ; Transportation

Various microrobots are being studied for potential biomedical applications including targeted cell transportation, precise drug delivery, opening blocked blood vessels, micro-surgery, sensing, and scaffolding. Precise magnetic field control system is a coil system for wireless control of those microrobots for personalized and minimally invasive treatments. The microrobots for possible biomedical applications are fabricated by micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) technologies. In this review, fabrication technologies for scaffold and ciliary microrobots will be introduced and their control methods will be discussed. Various materials are being used for the fabrication of the microrobot such as SU-8, IP-Dip, IP-L, silicon, etc. The scaffold and ciliary microrobots are fabricated by SU-8, IP-Dip, and IP-L because these materials showed the maximum performance for three-dimensional (3D) microrobots using a 3D laser lithography system. All or part of the structures are coated with nickel and titanium layers after fabrication of the structures for magnetic control and biocompatibility, respectively, of the microrobots.
Blood Vessels ; Humans ; Magnetic Fields ; Micro-Electrical-Mechanical Systems ; Nickel ; Silicon ; Titanium ; Transportation

Osseointegration, the histological direct bone-to-implant contact, is the ultimate goal of implant healing and the first prerequisite for long-term success of endosseous implants. It is well-known that metal implants with rough surfaces achieve better osseointegration than those with smooth surfaces in vivo. The implantation of metal materials into bone is always accompanied by bleeding. The implant surface is initially coated with blood and these initial events could determine subsequent osseointegration. However, there is little concordance between in vitro results and in vivo findings regarding the effect of surface roughness on osseointegration. Here, we show that the osteoblast response to metal surfaces pre-treated with platelets and plasma proteins elucidates the superior osseointegration of rough surfaced implants in vivo. We found that osteoblast attachment, proliferation, and osteoblastic differentiation were significantly higher on a rough titanium surface pre-treated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) than on the same surface without pretreatment. Furthermore, we found that the three-dimensional fibrillar network formed on the rough surface of the titanium by PRP pre-treatment might enhance osteoblast responses. Our results demonstrate why osseointegration is found to be most active on metal implants with a rough surface in vivo. We anticipate that our assay would be a useful tool for mimicking the in vivo model of osseointegration. Because cellular responses to the titanium implant that are pre-treated with platelet and plasma proteins on their surfaces after the biomimetic process in vitro, may be more similar to the events that occur in vivo.
Alloys* ; Biomimetics ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Proteins ; Hemorrhage ; Humans* ; In Vitro Techniques ; Osseointegration ; Osteoblasts* ; Platelet-Rich Plasma* ; Titanium*

OBJECTIVE: To observe the long-term efficacy of two double-head compression titanium screw anterior and posterior cross internal fixation on femoral neck fracture. METHODS: A total of 80 patients with the femoral neck fracture, from January 2010 to December 2013 in the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, were selected and divided into an experimental group (n=50) and a control group (n=30). Th e experimental group received the treatment of two compression titanium screw anterior and posterior internal fixation, while the control group received three titanium screw internal fixation. Surgery time and intraoperative blood loss and postoperative Harris hip score were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: Th e operative time in the experimental group was (41.6±6.4) min, which was shorter than that in the control group [(50.1±7.2) min], the postoperative bleeding loss was (20.2±8.1) mL, which was less than that in the control group [(31.4±9.8) mL], with significant difference (both P<0.05). The excellence rate of Harris hip score was 94.0% in the experimental group, while that in the control group was 93.3%, with no significant difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Two double-head compression titanium anterior and posterior cross internal fixation shows a good long-term efficacy on femoral neck fracture, which holds important clinical value and should be widely spread.
Blood Loss, Surgical ; Bone Screws ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Postoperative Period ; Titanium

OBJECTIVE: To observe the self-developed horn type of titanium clamp used for inferior turbinate resection from filling effect. METHOD: Choose the cases of inferior turbinate resection of 152 cases randomly selected 92 cases (group) in 2-4 angle type titanium clip head-tail closed wound middle turbinate, and therefore more than nasal passages in the surgical wound, just as in the nasal passages above micro tamponade, bare breathing zone, keep the ventilation, 1- 3 days to take out the angle titanium clamp; 60 cases (control group) with vaseline oil gauze or postoperative Merocel hemostatic sponge tamponade nasal bleeding. Observation of 1-3 days after nasal ventilation, headache, nasal bleeding, dry mouth, tolerance is painful, aural fullness tinnitus, a total of 7 indicators of sleep. RESULT: The team outside the there was no difference in blood loss and the control group, the rest of the indicators is better than the control group. CONCLUSION The angle of titanium clamp used in inferior turbinate resection from stuffing, patients get better comfort, avoid drawn yarn of pain, improve the quality of perioperative patients with life.
Bandages ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; prevention & control ; Epistaxis ; prevention & control ; Female ; Formaldehyde ; administration & dosage ; Hemostatics ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Microsurgery ; Nasal Cavity ; Polyvinyl Alcohol ; administration & dosage ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; Surgical Instruments ; Titanium ; Turbinates ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles on hemogram in rats with gastric ulcer.

METHODSPhysicochemical properties of TiO₂ nanoparticles were characterized. Twenty-four clear class SD male rats, aging 8 week-old, were randomly divided into 4 groups, 6 rats for each group. 20% acetic acid were injected into the rats' stomach on the border of gastric body and pyloric antrum, and hereby established the gastric ulcer model. The rats in 4 groups were exposed to TiO₂ nanoparticles through intragastric administration at 0, 10, 50 and 200 mg/kg body weight respectively for 30 days. Afterwards, the rats were conducted blood routine test and blood coagulation test for analysis.

RESULTSTiO₂ nanoparticles were anatase crystals, closely spherical shape, whose average grain diameter was (75 ± 15) nm. The levels of white blood cell (WBC) count ((8.48 ± 3.28)×10⁹/L), lymphocyte (LYM) ((6.85 ± 2.53)×10⁹/L), monocyte (MOD) ((0.27 ± 0.12)×10⁹/L), granulocyte (GRN) ((1.37 ± 0.86)×10⁹/L), red blood cell (RBC) ((8.20 ± 0.49)×10⁹/L) and hematocrit (HCT) ((45.3 ± 1.4)%) in the 200 mg/kg dose group were significantly higher than those in the control group ((2.63 ± 0.34)×10⁹/L, (2.25 ± 0.26)×10⁹/L, (0.05 ± 0.06)×10⁹/L, (0.33 ± 0.26)× 10⁹/L, (4.87 ± 2.37)×10⁹/L and (27.2 ± 13.3)%, respectively; t values were -3.449, -3.825, -3.554, -3.097, -2.972 and -2.936 respectively, P values all < 0.05). The levels of WBC ((6.88 ± 3.06)×10⁹/L), MOD ((0.20 ± 0.07)×10⁹/L), RBC ((7.79 ± 0.48)×10⁹/L) and HCT ((42.7 ± 2.8)%) in 50 mg/kg dose group were also statistically higher than those in the control group (t values were -2.507, -2.367, -2.605 and -2.511 respectively, all P values < 0.05). There was no statistically difference found in other blood routine index and coagulation index between the three experimental groups and control group.

CONCLUSIONThe long term intake of TiO₂ nanoparticles caused a statistically increase in the amount of WBC and RBC in rats with gastric ulcer; however, there was no obvious changes found in blood platelet and coagulation index.

Animals ; Hematologic Tests ; Male ; Metal Nanoparticles ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stomach Ulcer ; blood ; Titanium ; adverse effects