Aluminum ; Fixatives ; Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Polymers ; Tissue Fixation ; instrumentation ; methods

Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Fixatives ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Tissue Fixation ; methods

Animals ; Biological Specimen Banks ; utilization ; Humans ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Tissue Fixation ; methods

Ethanol ; Fixatives ; Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Time Factors ; Tissue Fixation ; methods ; standards

PURPOSE: Scleral buckles are frequently performed as an additional procedure in perforated ocular injury surgery, but little is known about their independent effect after ocular trauma. The authors made a posterior penetrating ocular injury model in rabbits to evaluate the isolated role of primary scleral buckle placement. METHODS: Twenty eyes underwent surgery. The penetrating injury consisted of two 5 mm circumferential incisions placed five clock hours apart and 7 mm behind the limbus. A segmental scleral buckle was placed over a randomly chosen penetrating injury site after wound closure. The degree of the fibrous proliferation, traction, and the presence of retinal detachment were evaluated on follow-up examination. After enucleation and fixation, tissue sectioning was performed including injury sites. The greatest dimension of the fibrous proliferation at both wound sites was measured. RESULTS: Two eyes were excluded from the study due to unsuccessful buckling. Four eyes developed a retinal detachment. The remaining 14 eyes showed varying degrees of proliferation and traction on the retina. The greatest dimension of the fibrous proliferation at the buckle site (1.69 +/- 0.29 mm) was significantly different from that at the non-buckle site (2.07 +/- 0.37 mm, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Primary scleral buckle placement at the time of surgical repair reduces vitreous traction and decreases the degree of fibrous proliferation.
Eye Injuries, Penetrating* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Methods ; Rabbits ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Tissue Fixation ; Traction ; Wounds and Injuries

Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Microdissection ; Paraffin Embedding ; Proteomics ; methods ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Tissue Fixation

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the performance of a new highly efficient and environment-friendly tissue cell fixatives for preserving the morphologies and properties of pleural and peritoneal effusions.

METHODSFifty-six specimens of tissue cells from pleural and peritoneal effusions were preserved using the new preservative or 95% ethanol. HE staining and Western blotting were employed to detect the morphologies and protein expression levels of CK, CEA and P53 of the cells after fixation.

RESULTSThe new preservative well preserved the morphologies of the cells from the pleural and peritoneal effusions, and the nuclei and cytoplasm were intact with little debris. The conventional preservative (95% ethanol) caused noticeable structural damage of the tissue cells, especially the cytoplasm where obvious debris were seen after fixation. CK, CEA and P53 protein expression levels in the cells were 91%, 86% and 88% after fixation with the new preservative, significantly higher than those (46%, 38% and 31%, respectively) in cells fixed with 95% ethanol (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe new preservative is efficient and environment-friendly for preserving the morphologies as well as the proteins of tissue cells from pleural and peritoneal effusions well, demonstrating its potential in tissue cell fixation and preservation.

In addition to general charceteristics of tibial fracture, segmental tibial fracture is commonly combined with extensive soft tissue injury, comminution and displacement with poor blood supply in its middle segment. According to recent reports, intramedullary nailing was regarded as the excellent method in the management of this kind of fracture. Twenty-one cases were treated at the department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Medical Center from January 1980 to December 1987 and following results were obtained; 1. Most common type of fracture was Type I (38.1%). Almost all the fractures were accompanied by open wounds(85.7%) and GIIIB open wounds were 12 cases(57.1%). 2. A verage union time was 31.8 weeks(union rate, 76.2%) and showed marked difference between closed fracture(20.2 weeks) and GIIIB open one(38.6 weeks). 3. Better results were seen in 8 cases of intramedullary nailing(average union time, 24.2 weeks), while all the plating method showed non-union in 3 cases of open wound.
Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures ; Wounds and Injuries

Antigens ; analysis ; genetics ; Fixatives ; Formaldehyde ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; In Situ Hybridization ; methods ; Paraffin Embedding ; Proteins ; analysis ; genetics ; Staining and Labeling ; methods ; Tissue Fixation ; methods

OBJECTIVE: We wanted to clarify the relationship between the visibility of air cysts on CT images, the CT slice thickness and the size of the air cysts, with contact radiographs as the gold standard, for the accurate evaluation of honeycomb cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An inflated and fixed autopsied lung having idiopathic interstitial pneumonia was evaluated. The corresponding air cysts were identified on the contact radiographs of a 0.5 mm-thick-section specimen and also on the CT images of three different kinds of section thickness: 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 mm. The maximal diameters of the air cysts were measured under a stereomicroscope. RESULTS: A total of 341 air cysts were identified on the contact radiograph, and they were then evaluated. Sixty-six percent of air cysts 1 to 2 mm in diameter were detected by 0.5 mm slice thickness CT, while only 34% and 8% were detected by 1.0 and 2.5 mm slice thickness CT, respectively. Only 28% and 22% of air cysts less than 1 mm in diameter were detected by 0.5 and 1.0 mm slice thickness CT, respectively. CT with a 2.5 mm slice thickness could not demonstrate air cysts less than 1 mm in diameter. CONCLUSION: The CT detection rate of honeycombing is significantly influenced both by the slice thickness and the size of the air cysts.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cadaver ; Cysts/*radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Diseases/pathology/*radiography ; Tissue Fixation/methods ; *Tomography, X-Ray Computed