Objective To explore the heredity susceptibility of children to Kawasaki disease (KD) through studying expression and genomic density polymorphism of peripheral erythrocyte complement receptor-1 (ECRI). Methods Thirty cases of KD patients and 28 cases of healthy children were included in this study. The rates of red blood cell (RBC)-C3bRR and RBC-ICR were detected by method described elsewhere. The ECR1 activity and genomic density polymorphism were detected by Hind Ⅲ restriction enzyme digestion polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results Rates of RBCoC3bRR of KD patients during the acute phase was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01), and remained lower than the control group during the recovering phase (P < 0.05). The rates of RBC-ICR were significantly higher in KD patients than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Frequencies of HL and LL genotypes of KD patients were more than those of the control group (P < 0.01). A significant difference was found in the frequency distribution of ECR1 genotype between the two groups (P < 0.01). L allele frequency in the patient group was higher than that in the control group. Conclusions Depressed RBC immune function in KD patients may be linked to the high frequency of L allele, which implies the genomic density polymorphism of ECR1 play an important role in determining susceptibility to Kawasaki disease. (J Clin Pediatr,2010,28(2):160-163)

Objective: To explore the relationship between parents’ unstable marital status and offspring’s suicide attempts and the possible mediating factors, and to provide reference for suicide prevention among off spring grom unst able families. Methods: From 2017 to 2018, 2 766 valid questionnaires were collected from freshmen in a university in Hunan province. Students completed questionnaires of childhood trauma and depression traits,and reported their parents’ marital status and suicide attempts etc. Results: Compared to college students with parents of stable marital status,students with parents of unstable marital status showed higher reported rate of suicide attempts and higher scores of depression trait and childhood trauma (t/χ2=2.78, 5.83, 20.30, P<0.05). Controlling possible confounding factors,unconditional Logistic regression showed that childhood trauma,unstable marital status of parents and depressive traits were positively correlated with suicide attempt(OR=1.05, 1.45, 1.08, P<0.05). The 95% confidence interval of the Bootstrapping method with four mediation pathways (parental marital status→childhood trauma→depressive trait,childhood trauma→depressive trait→suicide attempt,parental marital status→childhood trauma→suicide attempt and parental marital status→childhood trauma→depressive trait→suicide attempt) does not include zero. Conclusion Childhood trauma and depressive traits mediate the relationship between parental instable marriage and suicide attempts in off spring.

Thermal ablations are rapidly developing techniques for minimally invasive treatment,including laser ab-lation,radiofrequency ablation,and microwave ablation.Such remarkable success has been achieved in treatment malig-nant neoplasms,for instance,hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell adenocarcinoma.In recent years,the practice has been gradually adopted into the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC).Many reports have stated that ther-mal ablations have distinctive advantages over traditional thyroidectomy owing to its efficacy and safety for treatment pri-mary PTMC,meanwhile there are many controversial issues which hotly debated regarding to first-line treatments.Re-cently,indications and contraindications of thermal ablation for PTMC have been successively proposed by guidelines and consensuses.Many follow-up reports related to thermal ablation in the treatment of PTMC have been reported in clinical practice as well.In this review,we summarized the principles,indications and contraindications,and the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation in the treatment of PTMC,and compared it with traditional surgery.

Objective: To investigate the clinical status of lymphoid tissue neoplasms patients with bacteria bloodstream infections, bacteriology and drug susceptibility results, and provide the basis for rational clinical anti-infection option. Methods: A retrospectively analysis of clinical data and bacterial susceptibility test results of patients with bacteria bloodstream infections from September 2010 to December 2014 was conducted. Results: A total of 134 cases including 107 patients with bloodstream infections were enrolled. 84 cases were male, 50 cases were female, the median age was 31 (12-71) years old. 112 cases were agranulocytosis, and 106 cases were severe agranulocytosis (ANC<0.1×10⁹/L) . 27 cases underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, 100 cases received chemotherapy[33 cases with VD (I) CP±L (vincristine+daunorubicin/idarubicin + cyclophosphamide + prednison±asparaginasum) induction chemotherapy, 41 cases with intensive chemotherapy of Hyper-CVAD/MA or MA (mitoxantrone+cytarabine) , 26 cases with other chemotherapy regimens], and 7 cases were infected without chemotherapy. 10 patients discharged from hospital owing to treatment abandoning, 120 cases were cured through anti-infective therapy, 2 patients died of bacteria bloodstream infections, 1 patient died of sudden cardiac, and 1 patient died of GVHD after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A total of 144 strains were isolated, including 108 strains (75.0%) of Gram-negative bacteria and 36 strains (25.0%) of Gram-positive cocci. The susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to the carbapenems was 98.00%, and the adjustment treatment rate of carbapenems was 3.0%. The susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to the other antibiotics was 60.30%, and the adjustment treatment rate was 90.5%. The susceptibility of Grampositive cocci to the carbapenems was 49.3%, and to glycopeptides and linezolid was 100.0%. Comparing all patients’empirical use of antimicrobial agents with the drugs susceptibility results of blood cultures, 80.1% of the patients’initial drug selection was sensitive. Conclusion The lymphoid neoplasms patients experienced bacteria bloodstream infections most often after receiving the chemotherapy regimens of treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The majority type of bacteria was Gram-negative bacteria. Drug susceptibility test showed that susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to the carbapenems was the highest, and the treatment adjustment rate was obviously lower. The susceptibility of Gram-positive cocci to glycopeptides and linezolid was high, and which could be applied to the patients with Gram-positive cocci sepsis on basis of susceptibility results in general.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the study was to investigate whether Orai1 antibody intraperitoneal injection could improve the condition of allergic rhinitis (AR) in mice.

METHODSTwenty-four BALB/C mice (SPF grade) were classified into 4 groups (AR group, Control group, Experimental group 1 and experimental group 2) according to a random number table. A mouse model of AR was established (Control group was established by phosphate buffered solution), and experimental group 1 and Experimental group 2 were established through intraperitoneal injection of 100 μg and 150 μg Orai1 antibody respectively. The number of sneezing and rubbing and eosinophilia in mice were assessed after different doses of Orai1 antibody intraperitoneal injection were applied. Then Orai1 protein and its mRNA in nasal mucosa, histomine, eosionphil cation protein (ECP), interlukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-6 and their mRNA in nasal lavage fluid (NLF) and nasal mucosa were evaluated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). Furthermore, Orai1 protein and its mRNA in Th2 cells in peripheral blood, IL-4 and IL-5 in peripheral serum and their mRNAs in Th2 cells were also examined through ELISA and real-time RT-PCR. The data were analyzed by a statistical software of Graph Pad Prism 5.

RESULTSThere were significant differences in sneezing, nasal rubbing and local invading eosinophils in nasal mucosa after the treatment (t100 μg=7.88, t100 μg=9.92, t100 μg=4.30, respectively; t150 μg=16.43, t150 μg=16.31, t150 μg=9.35, respectively, all P-values<0.01). The Orai1 antibody intervention decreased contents of Orai1 in nasal mucosa, histomine, ECP, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-6. The contents of experimental group 1 were (0.186±0.015) μg/ml, (6.618±0.180) ng/ml, (2.555±0.031) ng/ml, (85.26±2.94) pg/ml, (55.12±1.21) pg/ml, (58.45±2.11) pg/ml and (77.12±2.13) pg/ml, respectively. The contents of experimental group 2 were (0.089±0.003) μg/ml, (4.501±0.310) ng/ml, (1.260±0.017) ng/ml, (48.49±2.12) pg/ml, (33.15±0.87) pg/ml, (38.24±0.95) pg/ml and (51.72±0.81) pg/ml, respectively. The differences were siginificant between group 1, group 2 and AR group(t value was 3.29, 10.44, 9.45, 17.53, 74.53, 87.06, 3.98; 8.54, 13.32, 23.00, 20.89, 80.73, 103.70, 13.34, all P<0.01). However, there were no significant differences in Orai1 protein and its mRNA in peripheral Th2 cells, IL-4 and IL-5 in peripheral serum and their mRNAs in Th2 cells (all P-values>0.05). In addition, the effect of 150 μg Orai1 antibody treatment was better than 100 μg one (all P-values<0.05).

CONCLUSIONOrai1 antibody intraperitoneal injection can improve the symptoms of AR mice, and alleviate the condition of allergic inflammation. Orai1 may become a novel aim in the AR study.

Animals ; Antibodies ; pharmacology ; Calcium Channels ; immunology ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Eosinophilia ; therapy ; Eosinophils ; immunology ; Immunotherapy ; Inflammation ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; ORAI1 Protein ; RNA, Messenger ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

Objective To observe and analyze the incidence ofmacular edema and its related factors after cataract surgery in diabetics with and without diabetic retinopathy.Methods A retrospective study.The data of 90 diabetics including 45 cases with diabetic retinopathy (DR group) and 45 cases without DR (diabetics group) and an equal number of non-diabetic matched controls (control group) who underwent phacoemulcification and intraocular lens implantation were collected.Patients with macular edema before the surgery were excluded.Main outcome measurements included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield mean thickness (CSMT).Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure the distance from the inner limiting membrane to the pigment epithelium of the central macular with diameter of 1 mm,which was used as the CSMT.There were no significant differences in BCVA and CSMT among three groups preoperatively (F=1.300,1.329;P=0.280,0.273).The BCVA and CSMT before and after the surgery in all three groups were compared.macular edema was defined as an increase of CSMT on OCT ＞ 30％ from preoperative baseline.The incidence of macular edema of three groups after the surgery were compared and analyzed.The correlation between postoperative BCVA and CSMT,and the correlation between diabetes mellitus,DR and macular edema after surgery were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results After the surgery,compared with control and diabetics group,the BCVA in DR group decreased and the CSMT increased significantly and the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).However,between control and diabetics group,the differences in BCVA and CSMT after the surgery were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The incidences ofmacular edema in DR group (15.6％ and 13.3％) 1 month and 3 months postoperatively were significantly more than that in control group (2.2％ and 2.2％) and non-DR diabetics group (4.4％ and 2.2％),and the differences were statistically significant (x2=6.696,6.644;P=0.035,0.036).Logistic regression analysis showed that the postoperative BCVA was correlated with CSMT (r=0.444,P=0.000),diabetics was not correlated with postoperative macular edema (r=7.231,P=0.999) and DR was correlated with macular edema after surgery (r=0.378,P=0.008).The diabetic retinopathy might correlated to macular edema after surgery.Conclusions The incidence of macular edema after cataract surgery in patients with DR was significantly higher than that in patients without DR.There is no correlation between diabetics and postoperative macular edema,and DR is correlated with macular edema after surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of subacute dynamic silica dust inhalation on the histopathology of major organs and the cytokine changes in lung tissues. METHODS: Male Kunming specific pathogen free mice were randomly divided into control group and dust exposure groups of 3, 14 and 28 d, with 7 mice in each group.The mice of the 3 exposure groups were given for 3, 12 and 24 days with silica dust at a concentration of 1 000.00 mg/m~3 using the self-made automatic dust inhalation device, 6 hours per day and 6 days per week. Rats in the control group were not treated with dust. After the end of treatment, rats were sacrificed. The organ coefficients of the liver, kidney, spleen and lung were calculated. The pathological changes of the organs were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining method. The pulmonary fibrosis of lung tissues was evaluated by Masson staining method. Sirius scarlet picric acid staining was used to observe the collagen fiber area ratio in lung tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of interleukin(IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 and matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2) in lung tissues. Colorimetric method was used to detect the level of hydroxyproline(HYP) in lung tissues. RESULTS: After the exposure to silica dust, the histology of liver, spleen and kidney tissues were not significantly changed in the mice of the 3 dust exposure groups. The lung organ coefficients increased in the mice of dust exposure groups of 3, 14 and 28 d compared with the control group(P<0.05). The spleen coefficient of mice in dust exposure groups of 3 and 14 d were higher than that in control group(P<0.05). Among the dust exposure groups, the score of pulmonary fibrosis and HYP level in lung tissues were increased with the prolonged dust exposure time(P<0.05). The collagen fiber area ratio of collagenⅠand Ⅲ, and the levels of IL-1β, TGF-β1 and MMP-2 in lung tissues increased in the 3 dust exposure groups compared with the control group(P<0.05). The collagen fiber area ratio of collagen Ⅲ, and the level of IL-1β in lung tissues of the 14 and 28 d of dust exposure group increased(P<0.05), and the TGF-β1 level decreased(P<0.05), when compared with the 3 d group. The collagen fiber area ratio of collagen Ⅰ in lung tissues of 14 d group and the level of MMP-2 in the 28 d group were higher than that of the 3 d group(P<0.05). The level of TNF-α in lung tissues of 14 d group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), and while in 28 d group it was lower than those of the other 3 group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Subacute dynamic inhalation of silica dust can cause acute lung injury in mice. There is no obvious pathological change in liver, kidney and spleen. The pathological changes of lung tissue are inflammation and fibrosis, and the degree of fibrosis increases with the extension of dust exposure time, and cytokines also changed.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features, survival and prognostic factors of elder patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:The clinical data of elder patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma enrolled in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from April 2006 to December 2012 were retrospectively collected. All the patients were divided into R-CHOP-like group and CHOP-like group according to the dosage regimen. And the differences in demographic characteristics, clinical features, survival time and prognostic factors were compared between these two groups.Results:A total of 158 patients were enrolled, of which 78 patients in the R-CHOP-like group and 80 patients in the CHOP-like group were eligible. There were no significant differences between two groups on age, gender, pathological staging, B symptoms, bulky mass, ECOG score, IPI score, pathological type, LDH level, β 2-MG level, lymphocyte/monocyte ratio(LMR), neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio(NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio(PLR), Ki-67 index and bone marrow invasion. In the R-CHOP like group, the median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 10 months, and the median overall survival (OS) time was 30 months. The 1-year and 2-year PFS rates were 46.2% and 19.2%, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year OS rates were 79.5%, 59.0%, and 19.2%, respectively. In the CHOP-like group, the median PFS was 7 months, and the median OS was 15 months. The 1-year and 2-year PFS rates were 27.5% and 12.5% respectively. The 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year OS rates were 65.0%, 32.5% and 13.8%, respectively. The median PFS time and OS time in the R-CHOP group were significantly better than those in the CHOP group ( P<0.05 for both). A stratified analysis showed that the PFS time and OS time were superior in the R-CHOP-like group compared to the CHOP-like group among patients older than 70 years ( P<0.05 for both). In patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, the PFS time and OS time in the R-CHOP-like group were also superior to CHOP-like group ( P<0.05 for both). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that IPI score, LDH value, β 2-MG value, ECOG score, LMR, and PLR had an significant effect on prognosis ( P<0.05 for all). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that lymphocyte/monocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio were independent prognostic factors for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ( P<0.05 for both). Conclusions:The R-CHOP-like chemotherapy regimen is superior to the CHOP-like regimen in the first-line treatment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. ECOG score, LMR and PLR may be independent prognostic factors for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. ECOG score, LMR and PLR are independent prognostic factors.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features, survival and prognostic factors of elder patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:The clinical data of elder patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma enrolled in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from April 2006 to December 2012 were retrospectively collected. All the patients were divided into R-CHOP-like group and CHOP-like group according to the dosage regimen. And the differences in demographic characteristics, clinical features, survival time and prognostic factors were compared between these two groups.Results:A total of 158 patients were enrolled, of which 78 patients in the R-CHOP-like group and 80 patients in the CHOP-like group were eligible. There were no significant differences between two groups on age, gender, pathological staging, B symptoms, bulky mass, ECOG score, IPI score, pathological type, LDH level, β 2-MG level, lymphocyte/monocyte ratio(LMR), neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio(NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio(PLR), Ki-67 index and bone marrow invasion. In the R-CHOP like group, the median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 10 months, and the median overall survival (OS) time was 30 months. The 1-year and 2-year PFS rates were 46.2% and 19.2%, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year OS rates were 79.5%, 59.0%, and 19.2%, respectively. In the CHOP-like group, the median PFS was 7 months, and the median OS was 15 months. The 1-year and 2-year PFS rates were 27.5% and 12.5% respectively. The 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year OS rates were 65.0%, 32.5% and 13.8%, respectively. The median PFS time and OS time in the R-CHOP group were significantly better than those in the CHOP group ( P<0.05 for both). A stratified analysis showed that the PFS time and OS time were superior in the R-CHOP-like group compared to the CHOP-like group among patients older than 70 years ( P<0.05 for both). In patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, the PFS time and OS time in the R-CHOP-like group were also superior to CHOP-like group ( P<0.05 for both). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that IPI score, LDH value, β 2-MG value, ECOG score, LMR, and PLR had an significant effect on prognosis ( P<0.05 for all). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that lymphocyte/monocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio were independent prognostic factors for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ( P<0.05 for both). Conclusions:The R-CHOP-like chemotherapy regimen is superior to the CHOP-like regimen in the first-line treatment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. ECOG score, LMR and PLR may be independent prognostic factors for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. ECOG score, LMR and PLR are independent prognostic factors.

OBJECTIVE To prepare a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system(SMEDDS) for the oral administration of nebivolol hydrochloride(NBH) and to conduct in vitro evaluation. METHODS The solubility of NBH was determined using various oil phases, surfactants, and co-surfactants. The composition of the blank self-microemulsifying formulation was determined using pseudo-ternary phase diagrams. A centralcomposite design-response surface method was employed to screen and optimize the formulation variables, and an excess amount of NBH raw material was incorporated to determine the drug loading capacity. RESULTS The optimized composition of the NBH-SMEDDS formulation consisted of medium-chain glycerides, capryl caproyl macrogol glycerides, and 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy) ethyl acetate at a ratio of 20∶48∶32, with a drug loading capacity of 20.05 mg. The particle size, self-emulsification time, and particle size distribution range of the formulation were in agreement with the predicted values. Dissolution testing demonstrated that the overall dissolution trend of NBH-SMEDDS in the medium was higher than that of NBH powder and NBH ordinary tablet. The stability of NBH-SMEDDS was found to be satisfactory under accelerated conditions for 1, 2, and 3 months. CONCLUSION The SMEDDS shows potential for enhancing the in vitro dissolution of NBH and demonstrates good stability.