Liver blood flow was measured in normal & CCl4-intoxicated mice & rats, using the electrolysis-generated hydrogen gas method. The results showed that the intramuscular injection of 6-15/kg of ISM increased significantly the liver blood flow in normal mice & rats. In acute or chronic CCl4-intoxicated mice & rats, the liver blood was decreased but the blood flow was restored the normal level by the ISM. In addition, the protective effect against liver injury was also observed by the histological examination & electron micrographs.The above results suggest that the protective effect of ISM against CCl4-induced liver injury seems to be through increasing the liver blood flow, improving liver's microcirculation & preventing or mitgating the denaturing or necrosis of liver cells.

How follicular T-helper (Tfh) cells develop is incompletely understood. We find that, upon antigen exposure in vivo, both naïve and antigen-experienced T cells sequentially upregulate CXCR5 and Bcl6 within the first 24 h, relocate to the T-B border, and give rise to phenotypic Bcl6(+)CXCR5(+) Tfh cells before the first cell division. CXCR5 upregulation is more dependent on ICOS costimulation than that of Bcl6, and early Bcl6 induction requires T-cell expression of CXCR5 and, presumably, relocation toward the follicle. This early and rapid upregulation of CXCR5 and Bcl6 depends on IL-6 produced by radiation-resistant cells. These results suggest that a Bcl6(hi)CXCR5(hi) phenotype does not automatically define a Tfh lineage but might reflect a state of antigen exposure and non-commitment to terminal effector fates and that niches in the T-B border and/or the follicle are important for optimal Bcl6 induction and maintenance.
Animals ; CD40 Ligand ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; Receptors, CXCR5 ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer ; metabolism

Objective To study the correlation between pterygium area and the clinical manifestation and signs of primary pterygium obtained from OCULUS Keratograph. Methods A prospective case observation study was performed. Thirty.nine ( 55 eyes ) primary pterygium patients were selected from June to September 2016 in Zhongshan People's Hospital. The area of the pterygium invaded cornea and duration of pterygium were recorded. The ocular surface condition was detected by corneal fluorescein staining. The break up time of tear film ( BUT) and the gland function score were measured with OCULUS Keratograph. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan People's Hospital ( 2015 [ 13 ] ) . All operations followed the Helsinki Declaration and all patients signed informed consent forms. Results The areas of pterygium invaded cornea was 2-20 mm2,the mean size was 5(3, 10)mm2;the duration of pterygium was 3-8 years,the mean duration was 5(4,6)years;the BUT was 2. 1-15. 0 seconds,the mean BUT was (6. 3±3. 0) seconds. The mean gland function score was 2(1,3). The area of pterygium was not significantly correlated with the duration of pteryguim (r=0.197,P=0.148),while it was negatively correlated with BUT (r=-0. 711, P<0. 001 ) and positively correlated with the tarsal gland score (r=0. 554,P<0. 001). What's more,82％ (45/55 eyes) of the patients' tear film rupture appeared firstly near pterygium's head. Conclusion OCULUS Keratograph can directly evaluate the ocular surface condition of pterygium patients in a non. contact and non.invasive method. Assessing the ocular surface damage by observing the area of pterygium invaded cornea may provide a prospective treatment for pterygium patients.

Objective To study the correlation between pterygium area and the clinical manifestation and signs of primary pterygium obtained from OCULUS Keratograph.Methods A prospective case observation study was performed.Thirty-nine (55 eyes) primary pterygium patients were selected from June to September 2016 in Zhongshan People's Hospital.The area of the pterygium invaded cornea and duration of pterygium were recorded.The ocular surface condition was detected by corneal fluorescein staining.The break up time of tear film (BUT) and the gland function score were measured with OCULUS Keratograph.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan People's Hospital (2015 [13]).All operations followed the Helsinki Declaration and all patients signed informed consent forms.Results The areas of pterygium invaded cornea was 2-20 mm2,the mean size was 5 (3,10) mm2;the duration of pterygium was 3-8 years,the mean duration was 5 (4,6)years;the BUT was 2.1-15.0 seconds,the mean BUT was (6.3±3.0) seconds.The mean gland function score was 2 (1,3).The area of pterygium was not significantly correlated with the duration of pteryguim (r =0.197,P =0.148),while it was negatively correlated with BUT (r=-0.711,P＜0.001) and positively correlated with the tarsal gland score (r =0.554,P＜0.001).What's more,82％ (45/55 eyes) of the patients' tear film rupture appeared firstly near pterygium's head.Conclusion OCULUS Keratograph can directly evaluate the ocular surface condition of pterygium patients in a non-contact and non-invasive method.Assessing the ocular surface damage by observing the area of pterygium invaded cornea may provide a prospective treatment for pterygium patients.