Human parvovirus B19, generally referred to as B19 virus, has been closely associated with a variety of different autoimmune diseases due to the features of its capsid protein. B19 virus VP1 unique region protein that has sites of phospholipase A2 and several antigenic determinants is exposed on the outside of the viral capsid protein. As a result of that, B19 virus VP1 unique region protein can stimulate the host to produce autoantibodies, which induces and/or aggravates the autoimmune diseases. The biological characteristics of B19 virus VP1 unique region protein and its relationships with autoimmune diseases are de-scribed in this review based upon the published literatures and the work achieved by our research team. This review will be helpful to the prevention and treatment of B19 virus infection.

Objective To study the expression of vimentin in the tongue mucosa carcinogenesis and to explore its significance in the invasion and metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma .Methods The occurrence of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in rat was induced by means of 4NQO water solution ,and 56 cases in total were collected in the cancerous process ,including normal tongue mucosa ,epithelial hyperplasia ,mild dysplasia ,moderate dysplasia ,severe dysplasia and the tongue tissue specimen of squa‐mous cell carcinoma .The immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate protein expression and real‐time fluorescent quantitative PCR method was used to obtain the expression quantity of mRNA .Results In immunohistochemistry ,with the increase of degree of rat tongue mucosa dysplasia ,the positive rate of vimentin expression increases obviously .The difference between groups was statistical‐ly significant (χ2 =10 .685 ,P<0 .05) .Lesion groups compared with normal group ,their mRNA expression differences all hold sta‐tistical significance(P<0 .05);Mild dysplasia ,moderate dysplasia ,severe dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma groups were com‐pared with epithelial hyperplasia group .The difference between squamous cell carcinoma group and epithelial hyperplasia group was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .mRNA expression of epithelial hyperplasia ,mild dysplasia ,moderate dysplasia and severe dys‐plasia were respectively 1 .22 times ,1 .28 times ,1 .29 times and 1 .42 times of that of the normal group .Conclusion During rat tongue carcinogenesis induced by 4NQO ,the expression of vimentin was increased with the increase of the degree of pathological change ,which is closely related to the invasion of tumor and could be regarded as a predictor of tongue squamous cell carcinoma .

Objective:To investigate the effect of Superfine Cordyceps militarisv Powder on the immune functions of the mice,and to provide basis for improving the utilizable ratio of Cordyceps militaris.Methods:A total of 40 mice were randomly divided into negative control group,low dose (0.166 5 g·kg-1),middle dose (0.333 3 g·kg-1),and high dose (0.999 9 g·kg-1) of Superfine Cordyceps militaris Powder groups,and there were 10 mice in each group.The mice in different doses of Superfine Cordyceps militaris Powder groups were administered with the Superfine Cordyceps militaris Powder for 30 d by intragastric infusion respectively,whereas,the mice in negative control group were administered with the same volume of water for 30 d by intragastric infusion.The body weights,the spleen indexes and thymus indexes of the mice in various groups were measured;the lymphocyte transformation abilities of the mice in various groups were observed by lymphocyte transformation experiment;the levels of delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction of the mice were examined with toe incrassation;the number of antibody forming cells,phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of chicken erythrocytes phagocytized by peritoneal macrophages of the mice were detected.Results:Compared with negative control group,the body weights,the spleen indexes a nd thymus indexes of the mice in different doses of Superfine Cordyceps militaris Powder groups had no significant differences (P>0.05).The lymphocyte transformation abilities of the mice in middle and high doses of Superfine Cordyceps militarisPowder groups were higher than that in negative control group(P<0.05).The levels of delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction of the mice in middle and high doses of Superfine Cordyceps militaris Powder groups were higher than those in low dose of Superfine Cordyceps militaris powder group and negative control group(P<0.05).The numbers of antibody forming cells of the mice in low,middle and high doses of Superfine Cordyceps militaris Powder groups were higher than that in negative control group(P<0.05).The phagocytic rates and phagocytic indexes of chicken erythrocytes phagocytized by peritoneal macrophage of the mice in low,middle and high doses of Superfine Cordyceps militaris Powder groups were higher than that in negative control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Superfine Cordyceps militaris Powder can strengthen the immune functions of the mice,and the recommended doses are 0.333 3 and 0.999 9 g·kg-1.

A case with horizontal and vertical bone deficiency at the maxillary esthetic area is reported.A titanium disk was applied to maintain the space for guided bone regeneration,and ridge splitting and bone compressing technique were used to prepare the site.Finally,the restoration of implant tooth with favorable esthetic outcome was obtained.

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of a predictire model composed of non-specific test indexes in early diagnosis of gastric cancer.Methods:From the database of electronic medical record system of Shanghai Changhai Hospital, a total of 24 615 case records were included from January 1, 2010 to April 30, 2019, including 10 497 cases of gastric cancer, 5 198 cases of precancerous diseases, and 8 920 cases of health examination. Through stratified random sampling, the study population was divided into validation set, training set and test set. After data processing and quality control for all laboratory variables, the optimal machine learning algorithm and diagnostic efficiency grouping were selected through four machine learning algorithms, induding the gradient boosting decision tree, random forest, support vector machine, and artificial neural network, and the data were trained by backward stepwise regression method to build the best feature model.Result:In this study, a diagnostic model V22 consisting of 22 routine testing parameters was established. V22 could distinguish early gastric cancer from control group composed of healthy group and precancerous disease, AUC was 0.808, the sensitivity was 85.7%, and the specificity was 91.9%. For CEA negative gastric cancer, V22 also showed high diagnostic accuracy, AUC was 0.801.Conclusion:V22 was a valuable model for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. V22 was an auxiliary diagnostic model of gastric cancer with clinical application value, which could well distinguish early gastric cancer from the control group composed of healthy group and precancerous disease, and the detection rate of early gastric cancer was better than the traditional tumor marker CEA.

Objective: To compare the clinical features, ultrasonic imaging manifestations and therapeutic evaluations between elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) and EORA with osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Eighty-eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis were divided into two groups: group EORA (n=36) and group EORA+OA (n=52). The onset age of all patients was 60 years or older. General conditions, joint involvement distribution, ultrasonic manifestations and disease activity scores (DAS28-3) of patients in the two groups were analyzed. The χ² test/Fisher's exact probability test and the Student's t test/Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze data. Results: There was no significant difference in the proportion of male and female patients and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) between the two groups (P>0.05). The onset age of patients in group EORA+OA [(68±4) years old] was higher than that in group EORA [(65±4) years old], and the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.465, P=0.001). Duration of the disease and body mass index in group EORA+OA were significantly higher respectively than those in group EORA. Joint involvement in the two groups was mainly found in shoulder, wrist, Metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP)2, MCP3, proximal inter-phalangeal joint (PIP)2, PIP3, PIP4, and knee joint (34.7%-86.5%). The percentage of MCP2[36.5%(38/104), 70.8%(51/72); χ²=20.02, P<0.01], MCP3[33.7%(35/104), 59.7%(43/72); χ²=11.72, P=0.001], MCP4[4.8%(5/104), 22.2%(16/72); χ²=12.28, P<0.01], PIP2[69.2%(72/104), 83.3%(60/72); χ²=4.51, P=0.034] and PIP3[53.8%(56/104), 70.8%(51/72); χ²=5.15, P=0.023] in the EORA+OA group was lower while the percentage of MCP1, DIP 2, DIP3, DIP4 and knee joints were higher than that in the EORA group (P<0.05). In group EORA+OA, the synovial thickness of the wrist joints [(4.2±0.5) mm] and knee joints [(7.7±0.8) mm] were significantly thicker than those in group EORA [(3.2±0.9) mm; (6.3±0.8) mm, t=-5.82, P<0.01; t=-7.22, P<0.01]; The proportion (70.0%) of level 2 and 3 of patients' wrist joint synovium pannus blood flow and knee joint synovium pannus in group EORA+OA were increased than group EORA (51.9%; 52.3%), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ²=4.64, P=0.031; χ²=4.43, P=0.035). There was no significant difference in DAS28-3 scores between the two groups before patients received treatment. After 2 weeks and 12 weeks of glucocorticoid treatment, DAS28-3 scores in group EORA [3.62(2.88, 4.03); 2.35(2.26, 2.62) points] were significantly lower than group EORA+OA [5.01(4.68, 5.26); 3.38(2.28, 3.83) points] (Z=-7.766, P<0.01; Z=-3.461, P<0.01). Conclusion Compared with patients of EORA alone, patients of EORA with OA have more obvious joint symptoms, MCP1, DIP and knee joint are susceptible to the co-involvement among them, longer duration of disease, and were prone to synovial hyperplasia and pannus flow formation. The therapeutic effects of glucocorticoid on joint inflammation in patients of EORA alone are superior to those patients of EORA with OA.

Objective: To validate a pseudovirus-based neutralization assay for the detection of antibodies against human papillomavirus (HPV) in human serum samples. Methods: The specificity, accuracy, precision, range of linearity, limit of detection and robustness of the neutralization assay were evaluated using HPV-negative serum samples, vaccinated serum samples with quadri-valent vaccine, and international standards for detecting antibodies against HPV16 and HPV18. Results: Based on the data of the HPV-naïve samples, the criteria of positivity was determined as follows: the 50% inhibitory dose (ID₅₀) of the tested sample was not less than 40 and 2-fold not less than that for bovine papillomavirus. The neutralization assay showed good accuracy with a recovery rate of 87%-122% and excellent reproducibility with intra- and inter-assay variation of 5%-27% and 10%-26% respectively. The HPV16 and HPV18 international standards were used to define the limit of quantification, which was 1.28 IU/ml for HPV16 and 0.96 IU/ml for HPV18. Acceptable ranges of variation for the key parameters of this assay were defined, which showed the good robustness of the pseudovirus-based neutralization assay. Conclusion The pseudovirus-based neutralization assay for the detection of HPV antibodies showed good specificity, accuracy, sensitivity, and robustness, suggesting that it could be used to evaluate the immunogenicity of HPV vaccines.

Objective Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the fibrosis score (i.e., the combined extent of reticulation and honeycombing) is associated with worse survival. The aim of this study was to identify high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns and patient characteristics that could predict poor prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis-related ILD (RA-ILD). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 130 patients with newly diagnosed RA-ILD from 2011 to 2017 at Shanxi People's Hospital. The Pearson correlation analysis was used for the correlation between the fibrosis score and the worse survival of RA-ILD, and Using Cox regression analysis was used to identify the associations with mortality. A value of P less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results During a median follow-up of 65 months, 32/130 (24.6％) patients died. Univariate analysis identified 6 significant poor prognostic factors: lower baseline ％ predicted forced vital capacity [HR=0.97, 95％CI(0.94, 0.99);P=0.008], total interstitial disease score [HR=1.06, 95％CI(1.03, 1.08);P<0.01], reticulation score [HR=1.07, 95％CI (1.04, 1.09); P<0.01], traction bronchiectasis score [HR=2.04, 95％CI (1.21, 3.40);P=0.008], fibrosis score [HR=1.07, 95％CI (1.01, 1.13);P<0.01], and definite UIP pattern [HR=4.18, 95％CI (1.40, 12.51); P=0.010]. Fibrosis score remained to be an independent significant poor prognostic factor of survival on bivariate analysis [HR=8.136, 95％CI (2.87, 28.35); P=0.001]. Patients with a fibrosis score>20％ had high mortality. Conclusion This study has shown that fibrosis score is strongly associated with worse survival in RA-ILD, and patients with fibrosis score>20％ have a 8.136-fold increased risk of mortality.

Cultivating comprehensive personnel with competent professional ethics, technical skills and scientific research capabilities is the goal and task of today's laboratory medical education. How to make full use of diversified teaching materials, tools and methods to improve teaching quality is worthy of exploration and thinking in laboratory medical teaching units. In this paper, using mind map as a tool, taking the COVID-19 epidemic as an example, we intend to design a set of multidisciplinary and all-round integrated curriculum of medical laboratory education, and discuss the application status and prospect of integrated curriculum and mind map in medical laboratory education. Through doing this, we aim to optimize the training goals of laboratory medicine education, innovate the teaching methods and boost the training efficiency of laboratory medicine education to keep up with the times.

Objective:To summarize the clinical phenotype and genotype features of 2 children with adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2) deficiency, and to review the related literature so as to enhance the understanding of this disease.Methods:The phenotype and genotype of 2 cases with ADA2 deficiency who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from March to December 2019 were analyzed.Literature was searched from foreign and domestic databases and studied to summarize clinical and gene mutation characteristics of children with ADA2 deficiency.Results:(1) ADA2 gene mutation was found in both children.One case was characterized by recurrent fever, livedo reticularis, polyarteritis nodosa and immunodeficiency.The mutation site c. 571delC(p.Q191Sfs*5)of the ADA2 gene detected in this case was a homozygous mutation, which was a new mutation point and not reported in China or abroad previously.The other case was characterized by recurrent fever, panniculitis, vasculitis with legs, and immunodeficiency.The mutation site c. 1358A>G(p.Y453C)was a homozygous mutation that was not reported in China previously.(2)There were 171 cases of children diagnosed with ADA2 deficiency in foreign countries, but only 5 cases (3 previously reported cases and 2 cases in this study) were detected in China.The main clinical phenotypes were recurrent fever(5/5 cases), livedo reticularis(4/5 cases), panniculitis(1/5 cases), cutaneous gangrene(1/5 cases), growth retardation(1/5 cases), cerebral infarction(3/5 cases), humoral immunodeficiency(4/5 cases), blood system involvement(3/5 cases), and myalgia(2/5 cases), elevated inflammatory markers(C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate)(5/5 cases). Conclusions:Children with ADA2 deficiency have various clinical phenotypes, and a good understanding of phenotypes can improve the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment.The mutation point of c. 571delC is a novel ADA2 gene mutation type, which further enriches the ADA2 gene spectrum.