Autophagy is a highly conservative biological behavior in eukaryotic cells .This dynamic process involves wrappingcytoplasmic components and combining with lysosomes in cells for catabolism .Auto-phagy can not only take part in maintaining homeostasis ,but also be closely related with tumor development and resistant.Therefore,autophagy is a potential target for antitumor drug resistant .Specific inhibition of autophagy in cancer cells combined with chemotherapy is expected to be an effective cancer treatment strategy .

By discussing the importance of emotional education, the paper points out the existing problems of emotional education in nursing teaching as followings:the lack of teachers′emotional education awareness, the im-balance of cognitive development of nursing students and the lack of professional ideological education. Aiming at the above problems, this paper puts forward these specific countermeasures: strengthening the teachers′ emotional accomplishment so as to enhance their emotional education awareness and building a relaxed and pleasant diversi-fied educational environment so as to strengthen the professional thinking.

Objective To explore the incidence and pathologic feature of patients with thyroid carcinoma treated at the First Hospital of Jilin University. Methods From January 2000 to July 2010,clinicopathologic data of 1018 patients with thyroid carcinoma treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University were retrospectively analyzed. Results The cases of thyroid carcinoma between 2008 and 2010 were more than 73% higher than that in the preceding 8 years. Cancer cases from January 2009 to July 2010 were more1018 cases reviewed, 976 cases were clearly classified pathologically. Papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were present in 897 (91.91%), 43(4. 41% ), 22(2. 25% ) and 6(0. 61% ) cases respectively. Of the 1018 cases reviewed,804 cases were recorded with or without lymphnode metastasis. The rate of lymphnode metastasis of male and female patient were 39. 24% and 28. 64% respectively and the difference was significant( χ2 = 6. 71 ,P ＜0. 05). The rate of lymphnode metastasis of age ＜45 years and age ≥45 years were 37.65% and 23. 26%respectively and the difference was significant ( χ2 = 19. 54, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions In the past ten and a half years, the number of the thyroid carcinoma patients treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University increased year by year. The increase of papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most obvious. Thyroid carcinoma was more common among females. The peak incidence age of males and females was 30 -59. The rate of lymphnode metastasis of males was larger than that of females. The rate of lymphnode metastasis of age ＜45years was larger than that of age≥45 years.

Throughin-depth study and thinking ofthe current situation of medical education,this paper exploredtraining strategies of applied talents in medical colleges under the new situation.From the training ofapplication talents in medical colleges under new situation,we should focus on the current reality,learn experience.Combined with the characteristics of medical specialty,we should explore the model of strengthening the humanistic quality moral training of current medical application talents from the curriculum,teaching content selection,teachers' construction,environment shaping,teaching methods,assessment and evaluation,and thus to adapt to the medical mode conversion,alleviate the doctor-patient contradiction and promote medical students employments.

Objective To investigate the effects of intensive motor mental practice (MP) on the recovery of upper limb function in hemiplegic stroke patients.Methods Thirty-nine stroke patients were randomly divided into an intensive group,a conventional group and a control group (13 cases in each group).All received regular rehabilitation therapy for 6 weeks (40 min a day,5 d a week).In the following 6 weeks,patients in the intensive and conventional groups received MP-twice a day for the intensive group and once a day for the conventional group.The patients in the control group instead listened to music daily.Motor function was assessed using the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA)and the action research arm test (ARAT),which were carried out before treatment and after 2,4 and 6 weeks of treatment.Results There was no significant difference in FMA or ARAT scores among the 3 groups after 2 weeks of therapy.After four weeks FMA improvement was significantly greater in the intensive group than in the conventional or control group.There were also significant differences in FMA between the conventional and control groups.ARAT score improvement was significantly better in the intensive group than in the control group,But there was no significant difference in ARAT results between the conventional and control groups.After 6 weeks FMA and ARAT scores had improved significantly more in the intensive and conventional groups than that in the control group.There were also significant differences in FMA and ARAT scores between conventional and control groups.Conclusion Intensive motor mental practice can improve the upper limb motor function of stroke patients more effectively than less aggressive treatment.

Objective:To extract the common factors for evaluating the teaching effect of the integrated curriculum of basic medicine in China, and to analyze and explain the practical significance of these common factors.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among undergraduates of 15 medical colleges in China to evaluate the teaching effect of integrated curriculum of basic medicine, and exploratory factor analysis was conducted for screening and classification. SPSS 22.0 was used to conduct factor analysis.Results:The four major common factors evaluating the teaching effect of integrated curriculum were the effectiveness of teaching process, the rationality of teaching organization, the education of teaching content, and the innovation of teaching methods.Conclusion:The integrated curriculum reform of basic medicine should pay great attention to the simultaneous development of basic theory learning and practical ability training, the effective connection between theoretical teaching and experimental teaching, the educational role in comprehensive quality cultivation of students, and the flexible application of various teaching means and methods.

Objective: To study the change rule of polysaccharide content in different processed products of polygonatum from Shaanxi. Methods:The content of polysaccharides was determined by UV spectrophotometry at the wavelength of 580nm after colored by 0. 2% anthranone-sulfuric acid solution. Results: The content of polysaccharide was significantly different among different pro-cessed products of polygonatum, and that in the raw slices was the highest followed by alcohol evaporate slices, while that in the steamed samples was the lowest. Furthermore, the extract and the content in the different processed samples of polygonatum showed a similar regularity. Conclusion:The results of the research can provide reference for the quality control and processing methods of po-lygonatum slices from Shannxi.

Objective To explore the factors related to vasovagal syncope (VVS) in children. Methods The clinical data of 125 children with conifrmed VVS were collected. According to the frequency of syncope during the ifve years from ifrst episode to the time of head-up tilt test, the children with 2 or 3 episodes of syncope were assigned into the low episode group, and the children with 4 or more episodes of syncope were assigned into the high episode group. The two groups were analyzed and compared. Results Among the 125 children, 84 children (67.2%) were in the low episode group and 41 children (32.8%) were in the high episode group. The single factor analysis showed that the age at head-up tilt test, onset of syncopal, causes of syncope, history of carsickness, and positive family history were associated with high attack frequency. The results of non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that causes of syncope (OR?=?3.723, 95%CI:1.163-11.918, P?=?0.027), history of carsickness (OR?=?5.929, 95%CI:2.066-17.015, P?=?0.001), and positive family history (OR?=?6.794, 95%CI:2.006-23.013, P?=?0.002) were the independent risk factors of high attack frequency. Conclusions The causes of syncope (excluding persistent standing), history of carsickness, and positive family history have important clinical signiifcance in predicting high attack frequency of VVS in children.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a sodium hyaluronate-containing dressing for skin wound healing after Q-switched laser therapy.Methods Sixty-six patients with facial pigmentary disorders were enrolled in this study.After treatment with Q-switched laser,the patients were randomly and equally divided into three groups to apply a sodium hyaluronate-containing dressing,a thermal spring water-containing facial mask and a distilled water-containing facial mask respectively.The dressing or facial masks were externally applied to the face for 15 minutes once immediately after the laser therapy,then,once every night for 14 consecutive days.Inflammatory responses,such as erythema,edema and burning sensation,were measured semi-quantitatively on day 1,3,7 and 14 separately after the laser therapy.The time for skin wound healing and degree of patients' satisfaction were compared among these groups by chi-square test and rank sum test,respectively.Results The sodium hyaluronate-containing dressing and thermal spring watercontaing facial mask were superior to the distilled water-containing facial mask in the improvement of erythema,edema and burning sensation after the laser therapy (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the patients applying the thermal spring water-containg facial mask and those applying the distilled water-containing facial mask,those applying the sodium hyaluronate-containing dressing felt better,with significantly increased skin cleanliness,humidity,smoothness,confort degree and overall satisfaction (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The sodium hyaluronate-containing dressing is effective for improving acute inflammatory responses and increasing skin cleanliness,humidity and smoothness after laser therapy.

Objective:To study the regulation of MSCs on the asthma;and to observe the expression of Notch signal in lung tissue of asthmatic rats.Methods:30 rats were randomly divided into 3 group :normal control group , asthma model group and MSC transplantation group.Making paraffin sections of lung tissue for pathological examination ,quantitative real-time PCR(RT-PCR) were used to identify the expression of Notch2 and Jagged1 mRNA in the rat lung tissue,and the expression of Notch2,Jagged1 were measured by Western blot.Results:Compared with normal control group and MSC transplantation group ,inflammatory cell infiltration and narrower airway were observed in asthma model group .The lever of Notch2,Jagged1 in asthma model group was higher than MSC transplantation group and normal control group ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion:Mesenchymal stem cells can affect the expression of the Notch signaling pathway in asthmatic rats ,and play a role in the treatment of asthma.