ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the metastasis capability of Ewing's sarcoma ceils. MethodsMTT assays were performed to choose appropriate concentrations of As2O3 (＜ 2 μmol/L) for the experiments.Migration and invasion assays were performed to assess the effect of As2O3 on the metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma cells. Changes in matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 expressions were detected by gel zymography assay and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT(PI3K-AKT)pathway was investigated using Western blot. ResultsThe amount of Ewing's sarcoma cells across basal membrane of Transwell in migration and invasion assay decreased gradually with the increase in As2O3 concentration. The average quantities of A-673 across the membrane after treatment by gradual concentrations accounted for 54.3 ％,49.0 ％ and 17.0 ％ of that of untreated group respectively in migration assay (F=112.78,P ＜ 0.01), while 52.7 ％, 32.3 ％ and 10.3 ％ in invasion assay(F =183.76, P ＜ 0.01). Similarly, the percentage of RD-ES was 46.0 ％,39.0 ％ and 8.0 ％ in migration assay (F =408.25,P ＜ 0.01) and 58.7 ％,22.3 ％ and 9.0 ％ in invasion assay (F =373.25, P ＜ 0.01)respectively. The difference had statistics significance.The expression of MMP-9 was suppressed by As2O3 treatment according to gel zymography assay.Western blot assay showed that PI3K-AKT pathway was inhibited and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)was inactivated.ConclusionLow-concentration As2O3 may inhibit metastasis capability of Ewing's sarcoma cells.

In this study, we produced a biphasic absorbable calcined bone (CB) of beta-TCP/HAP, and evaluated its function as a carrier of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) in BMP-2 gene medicine. Biphasic CB was manufactured and its surface was coated by collagen. X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy and biomechanical measurement were performed on the product. Heterotopic bone induction of product as carrier of BMP-2 gene transferred BMSCs and its biodegradability were tested in nude mice and goats. X-ray diffraction analysis showed biphasic patterns of HAP and beta-TCP. Scanning electron microscopy showed the porosity were similar to those of the cancellous bone, and the adhesion of cells on the CB surface were better after surface-coating with collagen. It had certain biomechanical strength and appropriate biodegradability. Biphasic CB loaded with Adv-hBMP-2 transduced BMSCs could induce much bony callus at the subcutaneous site of nude mice and the tibial bone defects of goats. The results showed biphasic CB is a superior carrier of cells in BMP-2 gene medicine.
Animals ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; genetics ; Bone Regeneration ; drug effects ; Bone Substitutes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Calcium Phosphates ; pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; Goats ; Hydroxyapatites ; pharmacology ; Materials Testing ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta

Objective:To investigate the current situation of knowledge, attitude and practice level of ICU nurses in the prevention of medical device-related pressure injuries (MDRPI) in critically ill patients and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From May to August 2019, 540 ICU nurses in 8 Class Ⅲ general hospitals in Zhejiang province were surveyed by using "MDRPI Prevention Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for ICU Nurses". Current situation and influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and practice of ICU nurses in the prevention of MDRPI were analyzed and relationships among prevention knowledge, attitude and practice were explored.Results:The overall average score of knowledge, attitude and practice level of ICU nurses in the prevention of MDRPI was (3.87±0.46) . Of which, the average score of knowledge dimension items was (3.43±0.69) , the average score of attitude dimension items was (4.13±0.51) , and the average score of practice dimension items was (4.06±0.56) . There were statistically significant differences in the overall average scores of knowledge, attitude and practice in the prevention of MDRPI in ICU nurses with different genders, marital status, years of work, titles, duties, whether they are members of the wound stoma or pressure ulcer group, whether they have cared for MDRPI patients, whether they have received MDRPI training ( P<0.05) . Multiple linear regression analysis showed that years of work, whether they had cared for MDRPI patients and whether they had received training in MDRPI were influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and practice level of ICU nurses in the prevention of MDRPI ( P<0.05) . ICU nurses MDRPI prevention knowledge, attitude and practice were positively correlated ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:ICU nurses have a more positive attitude and behavior towards MDRPI prevention, but their knowledge of MDRPI prevention is relatively lacking. Nursing managers should attach importance to training on ICU nurses' knowledge of MDRPI prevention so as to improve their MDRPI recognition and nursing ability.

Objective: To understand the awareness of HIV testing results before having sex among men who have sex with men （MSM） . Methods: The MSM from a gay bar in Zhejiang Province were recruited through convenience sampling method. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the information about demographic characteristics,sexual behaviors,awareness of HIV status between sexual partners and HIV testing results during August of the year 2016. The awareness of HIV testing results before having sex among MSM and the influencing factors were analyzed . Results: A total of 124 MSM were recruited in this study,56.56% of whom aged from 25 to 39 years,and 61.29% were single,divorced or widowed. The number of sexual partners they had in the last year ranged from 1 to 40,with median of 8. The MSM who had casual sexual partners accounted for 70.97%. The MSM who had regular HIV testing accounted for 90.32%,yet who would like to share the HIV testing reports with partners only accounted for 18.55%. Whether asking about the HIV status before having sex or not was associated with age,marriage status,the number and characters of sexual partners（P<0.05）. The MSM who were informed of the HIV status of commercial partners,casual partners and regular partners accounted for 0,5.10% and 19.77%,respectively. The main reasons for MSM not knowing about the HIV status of their sexual partners were“condom use would prevent HIV infection”（78.38%）,“never thought about HIV infection”（53.15%）,and “there was no need to ask as the partner looked healthy”（36.94%） . Conclusion The proportion of MSM who were aware of HIV testing results before having sex was not high and was associated with age,marriage status,the number and characters of sexual partners. Lack of knowledge about HIV infection might contributed to this low proportion.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of roxatidine and omeprazolein on preventing gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients.Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted in adult patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), who had risk factors for stress related mucosal disease (SRMD), and had an estimated stay of no less than 5 days and mechanical ventilation for more than 48 h. Patients were randomized into the experiment group (Roxatidine 75 mg IV Q12 h) and control group (Omeprazole 40 mg IV Q12 h). Demographic data, acute physiology and chronic health score (APACHEⅡ) and SOFA score on day 1 were collected, intragastric pH values were tested every 2 hours for the first 5 days, the daily average of pH and proportion of patients with average pH≥4 were calculated. Stool occult blood were detected at day 1 and bacterial culture of gastric juice were performed before medication administration and on day 5 after medication administration. The implementation of enteral nutrition support, situation of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and adverse effects were analyzed. Furthermore, length of hospital stay and mortality in ICU and on the 28th day were acquired. SPSS 22.0 software was used for data analysis. Consecutive data were expressed as mean and standard deviation, categorical data were expressed as frequencies (percentage). Comparison of measurement data between groups was performed by analysis of variance or rank sum test. Comparison of count data between groups was performed by the Chi-square test. P<0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results:A total of 91 patients were recruited and randomly separated into experimental group ( n=46) and control group ( n=45) from October 2017 to March 2018. There were no statistical differences in gender, age, body mass index (BMI), enteral nutrition status, APACHEⅡ and SOFA score on day 1 between the two groups (all P>0.05). Roxatidine in the experiment group rapidly increased the intragastric pH to ≥4.0 and continued to stabilize at pH ≥4.0 during the monitoring period. Omeprazole increased and maintained intragastric pH≥5.0. The proportion of patients with average pH≥4.0 was 82.5% in the second 24 hours in the experiment group, and stably increased to 90% on day 5. There were no significant differences between groups in gastrointestinal bleeding, length of hospital stay, and mortality in ICU and on 28th day(all P> 0.05). No drug related adverse effects occurred during the study period. Logistic-regression analysis did not screen for risk factors of SRMD. Conclusions:Roxatidine acetate hydrochloride can rapidly elevate and maintain the gastric pH above 4.0, and has similar efficacy and safety as omeprazole in inhibiting gastric acid secretion and preventing SRMD with gastrointestinal bleeding.

Objective:To investigate the association of body mass index (BMI), blood lipid, serum leptin, adiponectin with papillary thyroid carcinoma.Methods:A total of 120 patients including 40 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (papillary thyroid carcinoma group), 40 cases of nodular goiter (nodular goiter group) and 40 cases diagnosed without thyroid diseases or other metabolic diseases during the corresponding period (the control group) in Inner Mongolia People's Hospital from April 2015 to January 2016 were enrolled. The BMI of all subjects was calculated. The levels of blood lipid, serum leptin and adiponectin were detected.Results:The number of females was more than that of males in nodular goiter group and papillary thyroid carcinoma group, and the difference in gender distribution of three groups was statistically significant (χ 2 = 19.024, P < 0.01). The level of BMI, leptin, triglyceride and total cholesterol of papillary thyroid carcinoma group was higher than that of the control group [(24.86±3.26) kg/m 2 vs. (20.79±2.15) kg/m 2, (0.68±0.07) ng/ml vs. (0.61±0.39) ng/ml, (1.42±0.53) mmol/L vs. (1.05±0.36) mmol/L, (4.76±0.57) mmol/L vs.(4.28±0.46) mmol/L], and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 4.302, 3.296, 1.993 and 2.177, respectively, all P < 0.05). The level of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein [(4.97±0.55) mmol/L, (2.72±0.58) mmol/L] in the nodular goiter group was higher than that in the control group [(4.28±0.46) mmol/L, (2.18±0.69) mmol/L], and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.954 and 2.148, respectively; all P < 0.05). The level of adiponectin [(4.21±0.34) ng/ml, (4.30±0.27) ng/ml] in papillary thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter group was lower than that in the control group [(4.87±0.27) ng/ml], and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 7.631 and 7.416, respectively; all P < 0.05). Conclusion:The increase of BMI, triglyceride, total cholesterol, serum leptin and the decrease of serum adiponectin may be related to the occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To analyze the genetic etiology of a fetus with growth restriction,short long bones,small head circumference and enhanced kidney echoes,and explore the clinical significance of nonsense mutations in the NIPBL gene.Methods The clinical data of the fetus and his/her parents were collected.The variation sites of the NIPBL gene were verified by the chromosome karyotype a-nalysis of amniotic fluid,copy number variation detection in the human genome(CNV-seq),whole exome sequencing(WES)and Sanger sequencing.The databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data,Wanfang Medical,and Pubmed were searched to further analyze the relationship between clinical symptoms and gene mutation sites in the fetus.Results The sequencing results showed that there was c.4555A>T heterozygous mutation in exon 21 of the NIPBL gene in the fetus,and that the same mutation was not detected in his/her parents.The above variation had not been included in databases such as Human Exon Data-base(ExAC),1000 genomes(1000G)and Genome Aggregation Database(gnomAD),and were comprehensively judged as harmful variation.Conclusion The detection of the nonsense variation,c.4555A>T(p.Lys1519?),in the NIPBL gene may provide experi-mental evidence for the prenatal diagnosis and fertility in this family.

Objective:To explore the clinical and imaging features of leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 antibody associated autoimmune encephalitis (LGI1-AE).Methods:Nine LGI1-AE patients had conformed diagnosis in Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University from January 2016 to December 2021 were enrolled. A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical manifestations, MRI and PET-CT features, and clinical outcomes of these patients.Results:One patient had acute onset due to sudden disturbance of consciousness; 3 had subacute onset with a duration of 10-15 d, manifested as dizziness, memory loss, unconsciousness and limb convulsions; 5 had chronic onset with a duration of 6 months-2 years, manifested as amnesia, memory loss, dizziness, and headache in the early stage of the disease, including 2 accompanied by emotional stress and personality changes. Eight patients were followed up for an average of 8 months: 1 with acute onset had organic mental disorder (dementia state), 3 had recurrent seizures (1 with subacute onset and 2 with chronic onset), and the remaining 4 had symptom relief or disappearance. In these 9 patients, 8 patients, enjoying good prognosis, showed typical imaging findings: lesions were located at the limbic system, morphological swelling was accompanied by increased T2WI signal, and PET showed reduced or increased metabolism; 1 patient, enjoying poor prognosis, had atypical imaging finding: asymmetric hyperintensity in the basal ganglia, the clinical symptoms were more severe than the 8 patients having lesions at the limbic system, and rapid disease progress was noted.Conclusion:The prognosis of LGI1-AE patients with atypical imaging manifestations might be relatively poor.

OBJECTIVE To establis h and validate a population pharmacokinetic model of docetaxel in malignant tumor patients. METHODS The clinical data of malignant tumor patients treated with chemotherapy regimen containing docetaxel in our hospital from June 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected . According to the results of blood concentration detection ， based on the three -compartment model the nonlinear mixed effect model （NONMEM）was used ；covariates（age，weight，height， body surface area ，Karnofsky performance scale ，total protein ，albumin，total bilirubin ，aspartate aminotransferase ，alanine aminotransferase and serum creatinine ）affecting clearance （CL）were screened by “forward inclusion and backward exclusion ”； the population pharmacokinetic model of docetaxel was established . The model was tested for goodness -of-fit diagnosis and internal validation by Bootstrap . RESULTS A total of 264 measured blood concentrations of 132 patients with malignant tumors during chemotherapy were included . The covariates that had significant effect on CL of docetaxel were serum creatinine and total bilirubin （P＜0.01）. The results of Bootstrap analysis （parameter median values and 95% confidence intervals ）were close to predict results of the established model ；the final model estimated that the population typical value of docetaxel CL was 37.82 L/h. CONCLUSIONS The population pharmacokinetic model of docetaxel in malignant tumor patients is established successfully ， which can be used for the formulation and optimization of clinical individualized regimen .

Many recent studies have shown that the gut microbiome plays important roles in human physiology and pathology. Also, microbiome-based therapies have been used to improve health status and treat diseases. In addition, aging and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, have become topics of intense interest in biomedical research. Several researchers have explored the links between these topics to study the potential pathogenic or therapeutic effects of intestinal microbiota in disease. But the exact relationship between neurodegenerative diseases and gut microbiota remains unclear. As technology advances, new techniques for studying the microbiome will be developed and refined, and the relationship between diseases and gut microbiota will be revealed. This article summarizes the known interactions between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting assay techniques for the gut microbiome, and we also discuss the potential therapeutic role of microbiome-based therapies in diseases.