Objective To explore the progress on the application of in vivo drug analysis techniques in clinical pharmacy work. Methods Relevant literature was reviewed to provide an overview of the characteristics of clinical samples, common in vivo drug analysis methods used in the clinic, the application and existing problems of in vivo drug analysis in clinical pharmacy. Results and Conclusion In recent years, with the increasing demand for individualized and precise treatment in clinical practice and the continuous development of analytical techniques, in vivo drug analysis techniques have been widely used in clinical pharmacy work, which have become one of the important auxiliary techniques to promote rational clinical drug use, improve individualized treatment and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions. However, in the actual application, there were still problems such as the invasive blood sampling that hinders sampling, the weak ability to interpret drug monitoring results and clinical testing methods that still need to be improved. These problems should be taken seriously and continuously improved and solved in the subsequent research and application.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Jiu-Wei-Yong-An granule combined with cetirizine in the treatment of damp-heat accumulation syndrome of eczema. Methods 108 eczema patients with syndrome of damp-heat accumulated in the skin, treated in the Department of Traditional Chinese Surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University from December 2021 to March 2023, were selected. They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 54 cases in each. Both groups took cetirizine tablets orally for basic treatment. The observation group was given Jiu-Wei-Yong-An granules, and the control group was given placebos of the same. The clinical efficacy before and after treatment in the two groups was observed and compared, including TCM syndrome scores, eczema area and severity index （EASI）, visual analogue scale （VAS）, and adverse reactions. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group （88.9%） was higher than that of the control group （77.8%）, and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. After treatment, the TCM syndrome score, EASI and VAS in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）, and the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the total rate of adverse reactions between the two groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion The combination of Jiu-Wei-Yong-An granules and cetirizine tablets in the treatment of damp-heat eczema showed significantly better clinical outcomes in the observation group compared to the control. It effectively improved patient conditions, reduced skin lesion areas, and alleviated itching, with both safety and efficacy that merit clinical promotion.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM）external treatment methods in alleviating skin pruritus caused by eczema through a Meta-analysis. Methods Randomized clinical trials investigating the use of TCM external treatment methods for skin pruritus caused by eczema were searched in databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）, VIP, Wanfang, Sinomed, PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and Cochrane, up to December 2024. Two reviewers independently screened and entered the statistical data, conducted bias risk assessment by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, version 5.1.0, and performed Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4.1. Results Ultimately, 14 studies involving 1 788 patients were included. Compared to the control group, TCM external treatment methods （treatment group）showed better improvement in pruritus scores （Z=11.88, P<0.000 01）, better improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index （EASI） scores （Z=23.15, P<0.000 01）, higher overall clinical efficacy rate （Z=6.21, P<0.000 01）, better improvement in TCM symptoms （Z=5.49, P<0.000 01）, and lower clinical recurrence rate （Z=2.88, P=0.004）. Three of the included studies mentioned adverse reactions, with the treatment group showing lower adverse reactions than the control group. Conclusion The external treatment of TCM was more effective in treating skin pruritus caused by eczema compared to the control group. Given the biases and heterogeneity in the included literature, this conclusion needs to be further substantiated by more large-scale, multi-center, randomized, controlled, and double-blind studies.