A new class of dendrimer polylysine poly(ethylene glycol)-lipid was designed and synthesized. The cationic polymer liposomes were prepared by the lipid film-extrusion and post-insertion two methods with these dendrimer polylysine poly(ethylene glycol)-lipid and other lipids. The structural properties of obtained cationic polymer liposomes were studied by laser light scattering and fluorescence spectrometer. It was demonstrated that the nano sized liposomes with different density of surface cationic charges can be prepared by either lipid film-extrusion or post-insertion methods, but post-insertion process did not affect drug loading, did not influence drug loading capacity and did not induce liposomal morphology and particle size. The density of positive charge does not affect the size and distribution of different liposomes size and distribution. It was the better choice for manufacture because post-insertion method did not cause early release of drug and size changes. Cell binding experiments show that cationic polymer liposomes, especially dendrimer polymer liposomes had higher local charge density, and therefore have dramatic non specific cell targeting ability.

AIM To investigate the effects of ethyl acetate extract from Huangqi Injection (HQIEACE) on leucopenia mice.METHODS An experimental mouse model of leucopenia was induced by cyclophosphamide.NMR based metabolomic profiling technique coupled with multivariate statistical method was used for performing metabolomic analysis.RESULTS HQIEACE could elevate the levels of white blood cell,monocytes,neutrophils and lymphocyte in modeled mice.The levels of ten potential endogenous metabolites (lipid,leucine,3-D-hydroxybutyrate,lactate,alanine,pyruvate,creatine,scyllo-inositol,betaine and glucose) were reversed.CONCLUSION The metabolic pathways related to the pharmacological effects of HQIEACE on leucopenia are probably involved in body energy metabolism,amino acid metabolism,oxidative stress and choline metabolism.

Objective To compare the anticoagulation effect of regional citrate and heparin in patients with sustained low-efficiency hemodialysis (SLED).Method This study was conducted in the teaching hospital of Sichuan University between November 2011 and January 2013.Sixty-three patients suffering from acute kidney injury or end-stage renal diseases (ESRD) were enrolled and further randomized to 2 groups:citrate and heparin anticoagulation treatment groups in SLED.SLED was conducted by Fresenius 4008sARrTplus dialyzer for 8 hours each session,and blood flow was set at 150 ml/min.Prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and platelet (PLT) count were analyzed.Result Sixty-three patients underwent 118 sessions of SLED.Among them,59 patients (93.7％) was discharged after treatment or converted to outpatient intermittent hemodialysis,and 4 patients died of multiple organ failure during hospitalization.Compared with that in the citrate group,both PT and APTT in heparin group was significantly higher [PT:(15.5 ± 2.0) s vs (12.3 ± 2.7) s,P ＜ 0.001 ; APTF:(56.0 ± 10.9) s vs (32.8 ± 6.1) s,P ＜ 0.001 ; respectively] at 2 h during SLED.However,the PT and APTT levels in heparin group decreased afterwards and were similar with those in the citrate groups at 5 h during treatment.There is no difference on PLT counts between these two groups after treatment.Conclusion The anticoagulation effect of regional citrate and heparin was similar in patients when receiving SLED.Regional citrate may be an alternative anticoagulant approach for the patients at high risk of bleeding who require the treatment of SLED.

Objective To evaluate the effect of olmesartan medoxomil tablets (olmesartan) in comparison with Olmetec on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) and blood pressure variability (BPV)in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.Methods A randomized,double-blind,double-mimic controlled trial was performed.Forty-eight patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were randomly into treatment group (olmesartan) and control group (Olmetec) for eight weeks.The ABPM was taken before and at the end of the trial.Results After eight weeks,treatment with olmesartan induced a significant reduction in ABPM in patients [(9 ± 3)/(11 ± 3) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa)],which is similar with the reduction by Olmetec [(9 ± 4) / (9 ± 5) mmHg],P ＞ 0.05.This situation holds for BPV with the standard deviations of 24 h,systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure of pre-treatment and pro-treatment were (10 ± 2)/(11 ± 3) mmHg vs (10 ± 3)/(12 ± 2) mmHg in olmesartan group,and (10 ± 3)/(11 ±3) mmHg vs (12 ±3)/(12 ±4) mmHg in Olmetec group.(3) There is no difference in the rate of adverse event between olmesartan (10.42％) and Olmetec (8.33％) treatment(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Similar to Olmetec,treatment with olmesartan once daily can significantly reduce ABPM in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.

In recent years, the subthreshold micropulse laser is a kind of laser mode which is characterized by long intermittence. It achieves effective therapeutic effect while minimizes the damage to tissues. At present, it has been used to treat diabetic macular edema. Early studies suggested that the laser selectively acts on retinal pigment epithelial cells to reduce macular edema by regulating the expression of inflammatory biomarkers, growth factors, heat shock proteins and other substances. In recent years, with the development of research, more and more emphasis has been placed on the role of retinal glial cells. Müller cells are also considered as one of the target cells affected by micropulse laser, but there is no evidence of direct or indirect effects of micropulse laser on Müller cells. In the near future, it is expected that we will have more clinical evidence to confirm the target cells of the micropulse laser, which may be further confirmed by in vitro experiments through Müller cells or Müller cells co-cultured with retina pigment epithelium cells, so as to make a more detailed statement on the mechanism of it.

Objective:With the help of computed tomographic angiography and three dimensional technique, to explore to clinical application of the free scapular flap.Methods:From January 2013 to June 2018, 21 cases of deep post-burn wounds of limbs were repaired with free scapular flaps. 3D-CTA examinations were performed before operation, and the personalized reconstructions were designed according to different shape and size of the defects in the recipient sites. The outcome, color, texture, scar contracture and dysfunction of the flaps were observed.Results:The 3D-CTA technique was able to define the anatomical structure of the donor and recipient area before the operation. During the operation, it was found that the course and distribution of blood vessels were basically consistent with the design before the operation. 21 flaps survived after the operation. During the follow-up of half a year to one year, the color, texture, and appearance of the flap recovered satisfactorily, the function of the affected limb activity recovered, no obvious scar hyperplasia was found in the dorsal donor area, and the function of the shoulder joint was normal.Conclusions:The free scapular flap is one of the ideal methods to repair the deep burn wounds of limbs, which has reliable blood supply, wide range of incision, convenient operation, no damage to the main blood vessels and concealed donor areas. 3D-CTA examination before operation guided the design and implementation of operation scheme, which improved the accuracy of intraoperative vascular anastomosis.

Objective:With the help of computed tomographic angiography and three dimensional technique, to explore to clinical application of the free scapular flap.Methods:From January 2013 to June 2018, 21 cases of deep post-burn wounds of limbs were repaired with free scapular flaps. 3D-CTA examinations were performed before operation, and the personalized reconstructions were designed according to different shape and size of the defects in the recipient sites. The outcome, color, texture, scar contracture and dysfunction of the flaps were observed.Results:The 3D-CTA technique was able to define the anatomical structure of the donor and recipient area before the operation. During the operation, it was found that the course and distribution of blood vessels were basically consistent with the design before the operation. 21 flaps survived after the operation. During the follow-up of half a year to one year, the color, texture, and appearance of the flap recovered satisfactorily, the function of the affected limb activity recovered, no obvious scar hyperplasia was found in the dorsal donor area, and the function of the shoulder joint was normal.Conclusions:The free scapular flap is one of the ideal methods to repair the deep burn wounds of limbs, which has reliable blood supply, wide range of incision, convenient operation, no damage to the main blood vessels and concealed donor areas. 3D-CTA examination before operation guided the design and implementation of operation scheme, which improved the accuracy of intraoperative vascular anastomosis.

Objective:To compare the sedative and anti-anxiety effects of levo-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) and diazepam on conditioned fear model rats.Methods:According to the random number table method, 32 adult male rats were divided into blank group, model group, diazepam group and L-THP group(with 8 rats in each group). The conditioned fear model was reproduced by the plantar electric shock method. Four days after the modeling, the rats in diazepam group and L-THP group were given diazepam (3.6 mg/kg) and L-THP (25 mg/kg) were respectively gavaged once a day for 10 days, the rats in blank group and model group were given the same volume of saline. After the administration, the elevated plus maze test and the open field test were used to measure the anxiety behavior of the rats, and the sleep energy monitoring system was used to detect changes in sleep and energy-related indicators. SPSS 23.0 and Graphpad Prism 7.0 softwares were used for data analysis, multiple samples between groups were compared by one-way ANOVA, and LSD test was used for pairwise comparison.Results:The results of the elevated plus maze experiment showed that compared with the model group, the percentage of open-arm entry times ((11.27±8.78)%, (30.11±14.59)%, P<0.05) and the percentage of open-arm residence time ((1.94±1.48)%, (17.53±8.21)%, P<0.05) in diazepam group were all significantly increased. Compared with the model group, the open arm residence time, the percentage of open arm residence time and the percentage of open arm entry times in L-THP group showed an upward trend, but there was no statistical significance (all P>0.05). The results of the open field experiment showed that compared with the model group, the time of entering the central grid ((2.99±1.83) s, (6.94±3.52) s, P<0.05) and the time of entering the peripheral field ((297.01±1.83) s, (293.30±3.52) s, P<0.05) in diazepam group both increased. Compared with the model group, there was no significant difference in the changes of various indexes in L-THP group (all P>0.05). The results of locomotor activities showed that the autonomic activity times of model group in nighttime was significantly lower than that of blank group((758.79±375.37)times/h, (1 101.93±525.96)times/h, P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the number of autonomous activities of rats in L-THP group in daytime ((820.57±364.60) times/min, (502.40±228.54)times/min, P<0.05) decreased, and the number of autonomous activities in the nighttime ((758.79±375.37) times/min, (1 146.85±309.69)times/min, P<0.05) increased, but there was no significant change in the number of autonomous activities in the whole day. Correlation analysis of energy metabolism related indexes and sleep time of rats in each group were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the daytime sleep time were negatively correlated with heat value ( r=-0.335, P<0.05), and the night sleep time was positively correlated with daytime heat value ( r=0.352, P<0.05). Conclusion:L-tetrahydropalmatine has no significant anti-anxiety effect in the concentration range used in this study, but its sedative and improving sleep activity rhythm are better than diazepam.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of the implementation of breastfeeding in the state of mother infant separation in 75 hospitals in China, based on the evidence-based guidelines for breastfeeding of hospitalized newborns (hereinafter referred to as the guidelines).Methods:Totally 75 hospitals in China were selected using the convenience sampling method to distribute questionnaires to compare the implementation of breastfeeding after separation of mother and infant.Results:All the hospitals selected in this survey were not satisfied with the overall implementation of the guide, but the general hospital's interpretation and learning of the guide was better than that of the specialized hospital, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2 value was 5.616, P <0.05); the breastfeeding rate was lower after the separation of mother and infant, and only 18.7% (14/75) of the units with the feeding rate ≥ 75%; they provided support related to breast milk collection, kangaroo nursing and professional professionals in the aspect of quality management, specialized hospital was better than general hospital, the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 values were 9.450, 10.516, 6.436, P<0.05); 62.1% (18/29) of the specialized hospitals have multi-disciplinary cooperation teams to promote the separation of mother and infant breastfeeding, while only 34.8% (16/46) of the comprehensive hospitals have multi-disciplinary cooperation teams , the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 7.254, P<0.05). Conclusion:The evidence-based guidelines for breastfeeding of hospitalized newborns in China mostly refer to the relevant international standards. There are some difficulties in the implementation of the guidelines due to the large differences in the economy and policies of various regions in China. In order to improve the success rate of breastfeeding separation between mother and infant, China should establish a national standard that is in line with the national conditions, so as to facilitate the reference implementation of hospitals at all levels.