The capacity to generate iaterleukin-2(IL-2)of,and autologous rosette forming cel-ls(ARFC)ratio of 46 cancer patients(29 nasopharygeal carcinoma,11 lymphoma and6 leukemia)were studied.A several important things have been found as follows:(1)There was a significant decrease in capacity of cancer patient peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells(PBMC)to generate IL-2 after being stimulated for 48 hr by PHA(18%,whencompared to controls;P0.05);(3)The cancer patient plasma could markedly inhibit IL-2 generation,but control plasmadid not.This result suggested that the patient plasma contain immunosuppressive fact-or(s)which can block IL-2 generation;(4)ARFC ratio in cancerpatients was greatlylower than that of controls(10% and 22% respectively;P

Objective Based on the anthropomorphic phantom experiment and Monte Carlo simulation, the patients’ skin dose, professionals’ dose, and spatial distribution of DSA (Digital Subtraction Angiography) radiation field in an intervention procedure, was performed, in order to provide the basis for the inference of patients’ skin injury and professionals’ radiation protection in intervention procedure. Methods In the simulation experiment, a PBU-60 anthropomorphic phantom was used as the patient and the skin dose of patient’s abdomen was measured by TLD (Thermoluminescence Dosimeters). X-ray and gamma radiation dosimeter (AT1121) was applied to measure the spatial distribution of DSA radiation field, which was verified using Monte Carlo software MCNP meanwhile. Furthermore, the radiation dosimetry of operative staffs at different stations and under different protection conditions was studied experimentally. Results The experimental measurements showed that the maximum skin dose of patients every 5-minute fluoroscopy was 18.62 mGy under the irradiation of PA in an abdominal interventional procedure. The results of Monte Carlo simulation and measurement experiments showed that the spatial distribution of DSA radiation fieldis similar to the butterfly distribution, which is related to distance and angle. The experimental results showed that the dose rate decreases exponentially with the increase of lead equivalent. Conclusion It is very significant to carry out skin dose measurementof patients during interventional surgery and follow-up patients with high dose after surgery. In interventional surgery, doctors should try to avoid the station of high dose rate. However, it is necessary to strengthen the radiation protection of the operator and the first assistant. Under the dual protections of bedside lead protective equipment and personal protective equipment, the exposure dose of intervention personnel can be significantly reduced.

Objective To evaluate the overall implementation of the WS 76-2020 standard in Anhui Province, China and identify and analyze the factors affecting the implementation of the standard, and to provide a basis for the effective implementation and revision of WS 76-2020. Methods According to the requirements of the Notice of the Department of Regulations in National Health Commission on the 2024 assessment of implementation of mandatory standards, an evaluation of radiological health standards was organized and conducted in Anhui Province. The evaluation involved the three dimensions of standard implementation status, technical content of the standards, and effectiveness of standard implementation, with subsequent data analysis. Results The total evaluation score for WS 76-2020 was 87.83 points, indicating that the standard effectively guided the quality control testing of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment. However, stability testing was either underutilized or not performed in practice. The qualified rate of X-ray diagnostic equipment in the province was 94.26%, with equipment performance issues identified as the leading contributor to non-qualified instances. Expert discussions highlighted recommendations particularly concerning the operability, applicability, and scientific rigor of the standard. Conclusion It is recommended to strengthen the dissemination and training for the standard, promote medical institutions to voluntarily conduct stability testing, provide supplementary clarifications or revisions for problematic clauses, and standardize quality control testing techniques for radiological diagnostic equipment.