Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women,the trend of young women with breast cancer in China is obvious.Some young patients in the diagnosis of breast cancer are unmarried,so they have a certain degree of expectation of the protection of ovarian function and reali-zation of the right.In the treatment of breast cancer,the doctors should understand the effects to gonadal function.In chemotherapy,for some patients with ovarian function inhibitors have a protective effect to o-varian fuction.At present,there are some methods to protect the reproductive function,such as cryopreser-vation of oocytes,cryopreservation of embryos and preservation of ovarian tissues and so on.But thoses methods for the protection of ovarian function and reproductive function are not yet perfect.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the change in drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (SAU) in the PLA general hospital from January 2008 to December 2012, and to provide solid evidence to support the rational use of antibiotics for clinical applications.

METHODSThe SAU strains isolated from clinical samples in the hospital were collected and subjected to the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test. The results were assessed based on the 2002 American National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) guidelines.

RESULTSSAU strains were mainly isolated from sputum, urine, blood and wound excreta and distributed in penology, neurology wards, orthopedics and surgery ICU wards. Except for glycopeptide drugs, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) had a higher drug resistance rate than those of the other drugs and had significantly more resistance than methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (P < 0.05). In the dynamic observation of drug resistance, we discovered a gradual increase in drug resistance to fourteen test drugs during the last five years.

CONCLUSIONDrug resistance rate of SAU stayed at a higher level over the last five years; moreover, the detection ratio of MRSA keeps rising year by year. It is crucial for physicians to use antibiotics rationally and monitor the change in drug resistance in a dynamic way.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Staphylococcal Infections ; drug therapy ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects

Adult ; Butadienes ; adverse effects ; Chemical Industry ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Occupational Health ; Physical Examination ; Young Adult

Stressors can be classified as controllable and uncontrollable events.Self-choice behavior plays an important role in the "problem-solution" process of coping when individual faces controllable stressors.As to the uncontrollable stressors there are 2 different coping modes: transformation and compensation coping.This paper reviews the research achievements in the relationship between stress and self-choice behavior.

The Tongmai Yangxin pill (TMYX) has potential clinical effects on no-reflow (NR); however, the effective substances and mechanisms by which this occurs remain unclear. This study evaluates the cardioprotective effects and molecular mechanisms of TMYX against NR. We used a myocardial NR rat model (2 h after myocardial ischemia and 2 h after reperfusion) to confirm the effect and mechanism of action of TMYX in alleviating NR. In vitro studies in isolated coronary microvasculature of NR rats and in silico network pharmacology analyses were performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms of TMYX and determine the main components, targets, and pathways of TMYX, respectively. The experiment was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine (LLBH-202212160001). TMYX showed therapeutic effects on NR by improving cardiac structure and function, reducing NR, ischemic areas, and cardiomyocyte injury, and decreasing the content of cardiac troponin I (cTnI). Moreover, the mechanism of TMYX predicted by network pharmacology is related to the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways. TMYX increased the expression of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), and HIF-1α. In vitro, TMYX enhanced the diastolic function of coronary microvascular cells; however, this effect was inhibited by GPER inhibitor (G-15), eNOS inhibitor (L-NAME), and sGC inhibitor (ODQ). This study integrates pharmacology and experimental evaluation to reveal that TMYX activates HIF-1α/eNOS signaling pathway by upregulating GPER to relax coronary microvessels, thereby significantly alleviating NR.

Objective To evaluate the differential diagnostic value and superior of biliary atresia(BA)in the infants with cholestatic hepatopathy by high-frequency ultrasonography (HUS).Methods After 4 hours fasting,124 infants with cholestatic hepatopathy were scanned with high-frequency US.The data of hepatic size and parenchyma,gallbladder,triangular cord (TC) sign,bile duct,right hepatic artery (RHA)and portal vein (PV) were observed and measured.Meanwhile,the other data were collected,which included the clinical diagnosis,blood biochemical tests,the MRCP and dynamic duodenal liquid color check finding,the pathological results after liver puncture biopsy and so on.Results In 124 infants with cholestatic hepatopathy,BA was found in 61 infants and ruled out in 63.TC thickness,RHA diameter,and gallbladder length and width exhibited significant differences between the group with BA and the group non-BA(all P ＜0.001).The correctness for the diagnosis of BA was 90.3％ by the combination of TC sign and abnormal gallbladder morphology,and 83.1 ％ by stool color,81.5 ％ by γ-GT,47.5 ％ by MRCP,83.3 ％ by dynamic duodenal liquid color check,95.2％ by the pathology after liver puncture biopsy,respectively.Conclusions HUS is superior to other diagnostic methods in BA with higher accuracy rate,noninvasion,simplicity and economy.

Objective To determine the effect of lean mass and fat mass on bone mineral (BMD) in postmenopausal women of different age groups.Methods A total of 287 postmenopausal women (aged 50 years and over) participated in this study.Individuals were divided into 4 age groups by decades:group 1,50-59 yr (82 cases); group 2,60-69 yr (73 cases); group 3,70-79 yr (66 cases); group 4,80 years and over (66 cases).The BMD of lumbar spine (L2-4),left femoral neck and total hip were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Fat and muscle mass were analyzed by its analysis function and the percent of fat mass and muscle mass were calculated.Then data were processed by the SPSS 18.0 programme.Results One linear regression analysis showed that the L2-4 BMD was significantly associated only with body composition of trunk,while femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH) BMD were respectively associated with body composition of different parts in group 1.L2-4 BMD was significantly associated only with trunk fat mass and muscle mass (r=0.27,0.25,both P＜ 0.05),but there were no relationships between BMD of FN and TH and body composition of different parts in group 2.The BMD of L2-4,FN and TH were significantly respectively associated with body composition of different parts in group 3 and 4.Conclusions In postmenopausal women,fat mass and muscle mass play an important role in BMD.In postmenopausal women aged 60-69 yr,the body composition has a minimal impact on BMD,and hormone replacement therapy may be the best for osteoporosis prevention and treatment in this period.Different exercise and loosing of weight in postmenopausal women of different ages can prevent osteoporosis and fragility fractures.

Objective Soft and hard channel minimally invasive interventions for patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage have been used for many years. A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the superiority of these two methods. Methods 122 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were included in this retrospective study, 64 cases in soft channel group and 58 cases in hard channel group. The clinical effects were compared; catheter retention time and complications of the minimally invasive surgery were also observed in these two groups. Results In soft channel group, NIHSS before the treatment was 18.05±7.77, and NIHSS after the treatment was 7.57±4.68. The mortality was 17.19%. The catheter retention time in hematoma puncture was (4.35±1.56)days, and the catheter retention time in ventricle puncture was (7.67±2.37)days. There were 4 cases of rebleeding and 3 cases of intracranial infection. In hard channel group, NIHSS before the treatment was 18.38±9.02, and NIHSS after the treatment was 8.02±4.84. The mortality was 20.69%. The catheter retention time in hematoma puncture was (4.07±1.49)days, and the catheter retention time in ventricle puncture was (8.17±2.55)days. There were 9 cases of rebleeding and 2 cases of intracranial infection. The differences were not statistically significant (P＞0.05). Conclusions Soft and hard channel minimally invasive interventions of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage have the same clinical value.

AIM: To study the synergistic protective effect of picrosideII and NGF for the oxidative stress on PC12 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). METHODS: The fluorescent probe 6-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein (CDCFH) was used to assess the intracellular reactiveoxygen species (ROS) level, and MTT assay, morphological observation as well aslactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage were conducted to measure cellular injury. RESULTS: The H2O2-induced cytotoxicity was significantly attenuated in the presence of picroside II (25 μg/mL) and NGF (2 ng/mL). Cultures with this combined treatment possessed decreased level of ROS while increased cell survival, as compared to that of picroside II or NGF alone-treated cells. Accordingly, it was concluded that their synergistic protective activities against oxidative stress in vitro were demonstrated in various aspects including reversing morphological changes, enhancingthe ability of cell proliferation and ROS scavenging. CONCLUSION: Such action supports the therapeutic potential of picroside II and NGF in treating nervous disorders based on their synergistic effect.

Objective To investigate network user's attention rate of the keyword“cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases”(CCD). Methods The keyword was analyzed by using Baidu index. Results The overall trend of keyword search rose slightly. The mobile search grew significantly. During the Spring Festival overall search decreased significantly. According to clustering analysis the word“symptom”was most often used with“CCD”;30 to 39 years old age group accounted for about 50%of total number of online search. Men accounted for 70% of all keyword search, women accounted for 30%. The rankings of CCD search number were more on top in the economically developed area. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen publicity and education to prevent the happening of CCD during Spring Festival. Men need to raise awareness about CCD. The construction of rural informatization should be speeded up. Network education could be used as a part of method for the primary and secondary prevention of CCD. Keyword analysis method could effectively analyze the network user search behavior and find information they need.