Objective To investigate the effects ofviaminate on the proliferation and differentiation of HaCaT cells,a human keratinocyte cell line.Methods Cultured HaCaT cells were treated with various concentrations (2,5,10,15,20,25 and 30?g/mL) of viaminate for various durations.The cell proliferation was assessed by MTT method,the changes of cell cycle and apoptosis rate by flow cytometry,the changes of keratin 10 and involucrin mRNA expressions by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR.Results The proliferation of HaCaT cells was inhibited by the treatment with viaminate of≥2?g/mL for 48 h,and the inhibition rate was raised with the increase of treatment time and dosage.The viaminate of 30?g/mL inhibited the proliferation of HaCaT cells by 57.67% and 82.00% at 48 and 72 h after the incubation respectively,and elevated the mRNA expression of involucrin from 40.80% to 156.12%,decreased the mRNA expression of keratin 10 from 96.46% to 14.60%.The mRNA expression of involucrin increased with the elevation of viarninate dosage.Under the treatment with viaminate for 48 h,the cell population at G_1 phase significantly increased,that at S and G_2 phases decreased;the switching of G_1 to G_2 was inhibited;but the cell apoptosis was not affected.Conclusion Viaminate could inhibit the proliferation and induce the differentiation of keratinocytes.

Objective With awareness, attitudes, and rice-intake behavior of Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) and the analysis of the factors that influence KBD related rice-intake behaviors among resident's in Aba,this research could provide evidences for KBD-Control, and benefit the policy development related to KBD-Control.Methods Villages were chosen by proportional stratified random sampling from KBD monitoring villages among agriculture areas, pastoral areas, and farming & pastoral areas in Aba, Sichuan, in July 2009. Interview questionnaire of household survey, designed by research associates of this project, was used in this research for residents in endemic area of KBD in Aba. The questionnaire covered demographic and socio-economic characteristics, KBD knowledge and diet habits. Multi-level Variance Component Analysis was used to explore factors which would influence the KBD related rice-intake behaviors. Results A total of 1029 permanent residents were recruited in this research, among which the detection rate of KBD was 48.01％ (482/1004). Most of the patients lived in farming & pastoral areas(84.44％, 407/482). Pastoral residents had the least knowledge of KashinBeck disease, and the composition ratios ofGeneral andGood were 15.87％ (33/208)and 3.36％ (7/208),respectively. Still, people who were willing to have rice as staple food were 93.13％(935/1004). It indicated that only (50.40 ± 23.68)％ on average, of research subjects had the life style of rice intake. Ethnic, work status,language situation and attitudes to rice intake were influencing factors for rice-intake behavior. Conclusions The percentage of rice intake in Aba KBD epidemic areas is low. And to prevent KBD, the advocacy actions should be targeted at ethnic, work status, language situation, and attitudes to rice intake.

Objective:To investigate the effect of dihydromyricetin (DMY) on LPS-induced septic shock in mice and the related underlying mechanism.Methods:The LPS-induced septic shock mice model was established after the mice were pre-treated by DMY for 7 days.The mortality rate was calculated at 24,48,72,96,120,144 and 168 h after the mice were intraperitoneal injected with LPS.For elucidation of underlying mechanism ,RAW246.7 were pre-incubated with DMY for 1 h,and then stimulated by LPS 100 ng/ml.Western blot was performed for determination of P-ERK,P-JNK and P-p38 expression.Immunohistochemistry was applied to explore c-Fos and c-Jun nucleus translocation.Results:DMY could significantly inhibit LPS-induced mice mortality.Inhibitory effect of DMY on the phosphorylation of JNK and p 38 contributed to the anti-inflammatory effect of DMY in vivo.Furthermore , DMY obviously prevented c-Fos and c-Jun nucleus translocation.Conclusion:The anti-inflammatory effect of DMY is attributed to the suppression on c-Fos and c-Jun nucleus translocation ,via inhibition of the phosphorylation of JNK and p 38.

Objective:To explore the relationship among psychological distress,adult attachment,and social support in primary caregivers of cancer patients.Methods:A total of 208 primary caregivers of cancer patients in one third grade hospital in Anhui Province were recruited.The 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale(K10),Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory(ECR) and Social Support Questionnaire(SSQ) were used to explore psychological distress,adult attachment,and social support status.Results:The average K10 score was (21.5 ± 7.5).Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that caregiver gender,pressure on patient care,and attachment anxiety had positive prediction on psychological distress (β =2.30,3.02,0.13),while residence had negative prediction on psychological distress (β =-3.22).Conclusion:It suggests that the psychological distress is related to attachment anxiety and social support among the primary caregivers.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the sensitivity of effect factors between the PCL-C and the SCL-90, to provide evidence for social psychological crisis screening and post-trauma interventions.

METHODSWe administered the PCL-C and SCL-90 to screen for PTSD and other psychological problems among students who survived the disaster and continued their school studies. The surveys were carried out 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the earthquake. A bivariate 2-level logistic model was used to explore the different levels of sensitivity among students. The factors influencing the relationships between PTSD and depression, and between PTSD and anxiety were examined.

RESULTSWe analyzed data from 1 677 students, revealing that female students in higher grades were more likely to exhibit symptoms of depression, rather than PTSD, compared with the control group (males in lower grades), and the difference was significant (P<0.05). In contrast, ethnic minorities were more likely to exhibit PTSD symptoms compared to the others. In addition, female students were more likely to exhibit symptoms of anxiety than PTSD. Other effects that did not reach statistical significance were suggested to have a similar influence on PTSD, depression, and anxiety.

CONCLUSIONAfter a natural disaster, specific aspects of depression and anxiety should be examined, avoiding an overemphasis on PTSD in social psychological crisis interventions.

Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Child ; China ; Depression ; etiology ; psychology ; Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Sex Factors ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; etiology ; psychology ; Students ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents from Daphne odora var. atrocaulis.

METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated and repeatedly purified by silica gel column chromatography and the structures were elucidated by the NMR spectra and physicochemical properties.

RESULTSixteen compounds were obtained and nine of them were identified as beta-sitosterol, 4-hydroxy ethylbenzoate, (2E),-2-propenoic acid,3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-decosylester, genkwanin, 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine, daphnetin, daphnoretin, 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone-3ol, daucosterol.

CONCLUSIONSeven compounds were obtained from D. odora var. atrocaulis. for the first time.

Coumarins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Daphne ; chemistry ; Flavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Umbelliferones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

This study aimed to investigate antibody levels of the newer human enteroviruses (EV) A71, A90, and B87 in the population of Shandong Province, and provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures. In this study, serum specimens were collected from 400 individuals living in Yantai city, Shandong Province in 2010. EV-A71, A90, and B87 antibodies were detected using neutralization tests, and the results were analyzed by statistical methods. It was found that the positive neutralizing antibody rates of EV-A71, A90 and B87 in the population were 46.0%, 8.8%, and 47.0%, respectively. Their geometric mean titers (GMT) were 1 : 5.20, 1 : 1.49, and 1 : 4.02, respectively. Positive antibody rates for EV-A71 and EV-B87 were lowest in the 1-yr and 7-mo age groups, respectively. Positive rates increased gradually with age, and become consistent in the population aged >5 years. Positive antibody rates of EV-A90 were consistent across all age groups. Maternal antibody levels of EV-A71 declined rapidly after birth, and the increase in seroprevalence among 3-7 years old children implied that most EV-A71 infections occurred in preschool and early elementary school children. High positive antibody rates of EV-B87 in healthy individuals, especially children, implied that there may be an immune barrier within the general population. The population monitoring of EV-A90 should be strengthened, as its positive antibody rate is low.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus Infections ; blood ; immunology ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Young Adult

To analyze the genetic characteristics of echovirus 6 (E6) isolated from meningitis and encephalitis cases in Shandong Province, China, we collected cerebrospinal fluid samples from meningitis and encephalitis cases in Shandong Province from 2007 to 2012 for virus isolation. Viral RNAs were extracted from positive isolates, and complete VP1 coding regions were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Homology comparison and phylogenetic analysis were performed. Six isolates were identified as E6 by microneutralization assay and molecular typing. The homology analysis showed that the six isolates had 78. 6%-99. 8% nucleotide and 95. 5%-100. 0% amino acid identities with each other, as well as 76. 9%-78. 4% nucleotide and 92. 3%-95. 1% amino acid identities with the prototype strain (D' Amori). The phylogenetic analysis based on the integrated VP1 sequences indicated that all Shandong E6 isolates could be separated into four clusters, designated as A, B, C, and D. The six E6 isolates belonged to clusters A, B, and D. Our study reveals high genetic differences between Shandong E6 isolates and suggests different transmission lineages of E6 co-circulated in Shandong Province.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Echovirus 6, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Encephalitis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Meningitis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics

Objective To find out the perception status of Kaschin-Beck disease(KBD)-related knowledge among residents in Aba KBD areas. Methods In 2009, hierarchical clustering random sampling method was used to select 13 villages as survey points in Aba KBD areas, general demographic characteristics, KBD prevalence and KBD-related knowledge of residents were investigated. Results Of the residents investigated, the understanding rate of KBD-related knowledge was 36.7% (7361/20 080), understanding rate among female [40.2% (4427/11012) ]was high than that of male[32.3%(2934/9084), x2 = 134.80, P ＜ 0.05];50-year group[42.5%(2789/6562] was higher than others;Tibetan [42.8% (6775/15829)] was higher than other nationals;residents in Semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas [47.2% (5777/12239)] was higher than people in other areas ;farmer [42.6% (4585/10762) ],people who lost labor ability [42.7% (1487/3482)] and the unemployed [42.8% (941/2199) ] was higher;married people[41.6%(6067/14584)] was higher;KBD patients[47.6%(4585/9632)] was higher[x2 = 92.41,148.04,578.56,116.35,36.96,371.29 respectively, all P ＜ 0.05]. Sixty three point nine persent (978/1530) acquired KBD knowledge through explaination by medical and health personnel. Conclusions The current situation of perception of KBD-related knowledge among residents in Aba KBD areas is not optimistic. Understanding rate among residents with different demographic characteristics is significantly different. Targeted health education strategies and measures should be developed among different population groups.

Objective To investigate the difference of Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein ( AD7c-NTP) level and related factors among different symptom types of schizophrenia. Methods The con-centrations of AD7c-NTP in urine of 30 patients with positive symptoms,46 patients with negative symptoms and 24 controls were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA) . Positive and negative symp-tom scale ( PANSS) was used to assess schizophrenia patients. The correlation analysis was conducted be-tween the urine AD7c-NTP and demographic factors. Results The level of AD7c-NTP in urine of patients with negative symptoms((0. 88±0. 93) ng /ml)was higher than that in the patients with positive symptoms ((0. 50±0. 22)ng/ml,P<0. 05). The level of AD7c-NTP of in urine female patients((1. 16±1. 12)ng/ml) was higher than that in the male patients((0. 57± 0. 49)ng/ml,P<0. 01). AD7c-NTP levels in patients with a course of disease of more than 100 months((0. 96±0. 96)ng/ml) were higher than those in patients with a course of disease of less than 100 months((0. 60±0. 59)ng/ml,P<0. 05). The level of AD7c-NTP in pa-tients over 35 years old((0. 94±0. 96)ng/ml) were higher than that in patients under 35 years old((0. 62±0. 62)ng/ml,P<0. 05). The level of AD7c-NTP in patients with MMSE score of 0-22 points((0. 92±0. 80) ng/ml) were higher than that in patients with score of 23-29 points((0. 62±0. 74)ng/ml,P<0. 05). Before admission(at least 2 months),the level of AD7c-NTP in patients without persisting in taking drugs((0. 99± 0.95)ng/ml) was higher than that in patients with persisting in taking drugs((0. 62±0. 65)ng/ml,P<0. 05). The level of AD7c-NTP in schizophrenic patients was positively correlated with age and course of dis-ease( r=0. 29,0. 26,P<0. 05) ,and negatively correlated with smoking history and mini-mental state exami-nation( MMSE) ( r=-0. 13,-2. 41,P<0. 05) . Conclusion There is a difference in AD7c-NTP levels be-tween patients with positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Gender,age,course of disease and anti-psychotics are important factors that affect AD7c-NTP levels in patients with schizophrenia.