Objective To compare the status of nurses′cognition on children′s pain between the pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and common wards .Methods Surveys were completed by the pediatric nurses through the WeChat platform ,3 283 quali‐fied surveys from department of nursing of 11 three level of first‐class hospital in central China ,were sent back and analyzed . Results There was no statistical difference in the age ,marital status ,professional title ,highest academic qualifications ,and the dis‐tribution of professional nursing service life between PICU nurses and common ward nurses(P>0 .05) .Statistical differences were found among the sex ,the positions ,the experiences of nursing and the pediatric nursing (P< 0 .05) .Significant differences were found between the total score of the PNKAS of the PICU nurses and that of common ward nurses(P<0 .05) .Among the four di‐mensionalities ,statistical difference was only found in the item of pharmacological analgesia between PICU nurses and common ward nurses (P<0 .05) .There were no statistical difference on the correct ratio of the top three correct answers and the top three wrong answers between PICU nurses and common ward nurses(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The knowledge of the PICU nurses and common ward nurses were both not optimistic .Specific training should be provided according to the different status of the PICU nurses and common ward nurses ,so that better pain management would be provided to the pediatric children .

Objective To find out the state and characteristics of college students' mental health, and analyse the main factor affecting the mental health of college students. Methods This research investigated 1 350 college students sampled by random with the scale of Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90), and compared the difference of mental health level between groups with the method of classifying comparison. Results The college students' total mean and factor score of SCL-90 were higher than those of youth norm in China, but 13.6% of college students had psychological problems worse than middle degree. After classifying comparison, the groups with higher score in SCL-90 total mean and factors were as follows: low grade, coming from single-parent family, having low degree of satisfaction with their specialty, feeling heavier stress in study, worse classmate relationship, not asking for help when having mental problem. Conclusion The factors which may affect the mental health level of college students are low grade, coming from single-parent family, having low degree of satisfaction with their specialty, feeling heavier stress in study, bad classmate relationship, and not asking for help when having mental problem.

OBJECTIVE:To study the general pattern and characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR) induced by cimetidine. METHODS: A total of 306 ADR cases induced by cimetidine reported by domestic journals of 1983～2007 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The clinical manifestations of ADR induced by cimetidine were complicated and various and characterized by lesions of central nervous system (27.78%), cardiovascular system (21.24%), endocrine disturbance (8.82%) and hematological system (8.82%) etc. CONCLUSION: Great importance should be attached to the ADR induced by cimetidine to guard against the serious ADR such as aplastic anemia, cardiac arrest and allergic shock.

Professor TANG Wei-yong's treatment for children acute tonsillitisis from the three aspects oftreating symptoms, treating muscle and reconciliation, namely three-solution method. In addition, he modified three ancient prescriptions to create three-solution prescription. He applied the prescription into clinical practice and obtained a lot of good efficacy.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of semiconductor lasers irradiation after routine root canal preparation on root cannal seal.Methods:60 Single-rooted freshly extracted human teeth were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=10).The crowns were removed at the cementoenamel junction and the roots were endodontically prepared with conventional methods.The roots in groups A and B were irradiated with 1 W semiconductor laser for 20 s,in group C and D were ultrasonically washed for 1 min,in group E and F without any treatment were used as the controls.Then all the roots were filled by vertical condensation of warm gutta-percha.The root cannal seal was evaluated with microleakage measurement.The data was analyzed by ANOVA.The teeth of group B,D and F were sectioned and examined under scanning electron microscope(SEM).Results:The microleakage(mm) of group A,C and E was 1.70±0.82,2.02±0.40 and 4.56±2.72 respectively(A vs E,P<0.01;C vs E,P<0.05;A vs C,P>0.05).SEM observation showed the melting,narrowness or closure of most dentinal tubules in group B,past and/or gutta-percha in the most dentinal tubules of group D.Conclusion:Semiconductor laser irradiation prior to root cannal filling can promote the effects of cannal seal.

Objective To study the effect of sitz bath with 1.6%concentrated brine solution and metronidazole on perianal infection in acute leukemia patients. Methods Seventy-six acute leukemia patients admitted from June 2010 to December 2014 with perianal infections were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group in equal number. The two groups were given routine nursing care and symptomatic supportive treatment . Apart from the basic nursing , the control group was treated with sitz bath with 10 min 1 ∶ 5000 potassium permanganate. The observation group was treated with sitz bath with 1.6% brine solution and 0.1%metronidazole two times every day and another one if defecation was done. The perianal infections of two groups were compared in 7 days. Result The total effectiveness in the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Sits bath with 1.6% brine solution and metronidazole two times a day is more effective than with 1 ∶ 5000 potassium permanganate. It is economic and convenient, safe and effective for the treatment of perianal infections and therefore worth popularizing in clinical application.

Objective To study changes and effects of transforming growth factor-?1(TGF- ?1) and its receptorIII (TGF-?1 R III) in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Methods Bone marrow were respectively collected from 28 children with acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic pupura(AITP),16 children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(CITP) and 20 comparably normal children; Percoll density gradient and immunomagnetic beads methods were used to purify megakaryocytes from bone marrow; ABC- ELISA was used to detect TGF - ?1 in bone marrow; in situ hybridization was used to detect TGF-?1 RIIImR-NA expression on megakaryocytes.Results In AITP and CITP group, the levels of TGF-?1 and TGF-?1 RIIImRNA were significant higher than those in control group(P

AIM:To establish a method for obtaining specific cells in solid tumor tissue by sorting of CD11b + myeloid cells in hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.METHODS:Tumor tissues were prepared into single cell suspension by mechanical method combined with enzyme digestion,and then the CD11 b + myeloid cells were isolated by flow cytometry.The sorted cells were identified by immunocytochemistry.The viability and morphologiy of the sorted cells were evaluated by Giemsa and Typan blue staining.The cell purity was evaluated by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Sufficient numbers of CD11b+cells with high purity were isolated by sorting with flow cytometry from the single cell suspension prepared by mechanical and enzyme digestion.The purity of the cells was confirmed by statistical analysis (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rates of the cells before and after sorting were significantly different (P ＜0.01).The positive cells were verified by immunocytochemical method.Meanwhile,the sorted cells had complete morphology and good activity.CONCLUSION:The CD11b + myeloid cells in solid tumor tissue can be isolated by flow cytometry from the machine-enzyme digestion suspension with high purity,good activity and complete morphology.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations plus exercise therapy in treating chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP). Methods: A total of 65 CNLBP patients were divided into two groups by the random number table method. Thirty-three cases in the treatment group were intervened by sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations plus exercise therapy; 32 cases in the control group were intervened by medium-frequency electrotherapy plus exercise therapy. Before and after treatment, visual analog scale (VAS), dynamic and static muscle endurance of low back, median frequency (MF) of surface electromyography (sEMG) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate the low back function. The therapeutic efficacy was estimated after treatment. Results: The two groups each had 2 dropouts during the study. The total effective rate was 90.3％ in the treatment group versus 66.7％ in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score, dynamic and static muscle endurance of low back, MF of sEMG and ODI score all changed significantly in both groups (all P<0.05); all the items in the treatment group were significantly different from those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations plus exercise therapy can effectively release pain in CNLBP patients, increase muscle endurance of the low back and improve the quality of life, and its therapeutic efficacy is more significant than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy plus exercise therapy.