Chronic constipation(CC)is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders. Treatment of CC includes drug and non-drug treatment. Biofeedback(BF)is a psychological behavior therapy and has become the first-line therapy of CC. However,the efficacy of BF reported varied substantially. This article reviewed the evaluation of efficacy of BF on CC.

Objective To evaluate the performance of T-SPOT.TB Test and serological tuberculosis antibody(TB-Ab) in tuberculosis-assisted diagnosis.Methods Patients were diagnosed as tuberculosis from 2015 January to 2016 March in the hospital.T-SPOT.TB and tuberculosis antibody detection were performed for those patients.Results In 112 cases of tuberculosis patients,101 cases of T-SPOT.TB test were positive and the sensitivity was 90.18%,32 cases of tuberculosis antibody detection were positive and the sensitivity was 28.57%.In 41 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis,T-SPOT.TB assay showed positive results in 40 patients and the sensitivity was 97.56%,tuberculosis antibody detection showed positive results in 18 patients and the sensitivity was 43.9%;in 71 cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis,T-SPOT.TB assay showed positive results in 61 patients and the sensitivity was 85.91%,tuberculosis antibody detection showed positive results in 14 patients and the sensitivity was 19.7%.Conclusion T-SPOT.TB was superior to serological tuberculosis antibody(TB-Ab),and the diagnosis of active tuberculosis was higher,and the sensitivity of T-SPOT.TB was higher than that of T-SPOT.TB value.

Carbapenems ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Klebsiella Infections ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; drug effects

Adult ; Electrolysis ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nickel ; adverse effects ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects

Humans ; Infant ; Job Syndrome ; diagnosis ; immunology ; therapy ; Male

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Meningitis, Bacterial ; physiopathology ; Seizures ; etiology ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; physiopathology

Objective To investigate the pollution of phthalate ester in indoor environment. Methods Settled dust samples from 10 households, 10 offices and 10 student dormitories in Beijing were collected. Seven kinds of phthalate esters in these samples were determined with solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC) .Dates were analyzed statistically by nonparametric tests. Results The main phthalate esters in dust were di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP). Of phthalate esters, DEHP with the range of 28-6 073 mg/kg had the highest concentration in indoor dust. The total level of phthalate esters in households was the highest, offices followed, student dormitories was the last. The Kurskal-Wallis H test showed that the concentrations of BBP, DEHP and DCHP in dust were significantly different in 3 types of rooms (P

BACKGROUND: Electroacupuncture has a good clinical effect on Alzheimer disease, but its mechanism remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on number of synaptic numeric density (Nv), surface density (Sv) and average size of synaptic conjunction and ultrastructure in hippocampal CA3 area of neurons of model rats with Alzheimer disease (AD).DESIGN: Completely randomized grouping and controlled study.SETTING: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; College of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Massage of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: A total of 50 male SD rats of 24-month old weighing (480±20) g and 6 male rats of 3-month old weighing (250±15) g were selected in this study. Passage water maze (2.1×1.7×0.6) m3 was made of black glasses with 40 cm deep water and 4 caecums. WQ1002F Hans electrically heated distilling apparatus was used.METHODS: The experiment was carried out at the Grade Ⅲ Animal Experimental Center of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between, September 2002 and June 2003. ① Old SD rats were grouped on the basis of water-maze test results. Firstly, 6 young rats were submitted to water-maze test at 8 days before modeling for 4 continuous days to obtain average escaping latency. Secondly, 50 old rats were accepted in the water-maze test at 4 continuous days before modeling to obtain average escaping latency. A total of 36 rats whose latencies were less than average values plus one standard deviation of young rats were regarded as normal old rats. Among them, 12 rats were randomly divided into control group and sham operation group with 6 in each. Another 24 rats were transected at fornix-fimbria AD modeling. Thirdly, 24 modeling rats were all adopted in the water-maze test at 2 days after modeling. Rats whose latencies were more than average value plus two standard deviation of young rats were chosen as AD model. Twelve AD models were randomly divided into model group and electroacupuncture group with 6 in each.② On the 6th day after modeling, rats in electroacupuncture group were acupunctured at Baihui (Du20) of 0.5 inch in slope, Yongquan (K1),Taixi (K3) and Xuehai(Sp10) of 0.3 inch in depth with No. 30 milli-needle (3.33 cm); Then, electrically heated distilling apparatus was used with successive waves, 20 Hz in frequency and 2-4 V in voltage. Tolerant stress of rats at quiet state was regarded as the standard value (2 mA),the needle was maintained for 30 minutes, and the acupuncture was done once a day for totally 20 successive days. Rats in control group sham operation group (cerebral cortex was exposured at the same site as model rats, and fornix-fimbria was not cut off) and model group were only fixed but treated with nothing. ③ After treatment, ultrastructure in hippocampal CA3 area of rats was observed with transmission electron microscope;synapse numbers and cross-point numbers between synaptic conjunction and test line were counted with stereological technique; stereological parameters, such as numeric density (Nv), area surface (Sv) and average size of synaptic conjunction, which could reflect plastic changes of synaptic form, were calculated at the same time. ④ Differences between every two groups were compared with t test at regular variance and t'test at irregular variance.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparisons of numeric density (Nv),surface density (Sv) and average size of synaptic conjunction.RESULTS: A total of 24 old rats were involved in the final analysis with 6 in each group. ① Ultrastructure: Synaptic density of control and sham operation group was higher than that of model group, and average area of synapse was smaller;, synaptic density of electroacupuncture group increased compared with that of model group, and average area of synapse was smaller. ② Numeric density and surface density in hippocampal CA3 area in model and electroacupuncture group were lower than those of control group and sham operation group (P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference between sham operation group and control group (P ＞ 0.05), and those of electroacupuncture group were higher than those of model group (P ＜ 0.01). ③ Average size of synaptic conjunction in hippocampal CA3 of model and electroacupuncture group was higher than that of control and sham operation group (P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference between sham operation group and control group (P ＞ 0.05), and the value of electroacupuncture group was lower than that of model group (P ＜ 0.01). CONCLUSION: Electrotherapy can repair synaptic form and inhibit synaptic degeneration of hippocampal neurons in AD rats.

Gastrointestinal tract contains the most complicated microbial ecosystem of the human body,and balance of microbial ecosystem has been proved to play an important role in human health.Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is closely related to the esophageal,gastric and intestinal microecology.It has been revealed that alterations in gut microbial ecosystem may induce mucosal inflammation,relax lower esophageal sphincter (LES),increase intragastric pressure and delay gastric emptying via various pathways and subsequently cause or exacerbate gastroesophageal reflux.In this article,the advances in study on gut microbial ecosystem and GERD were reviewed.