Objective To establish a simple, cost-effective method to measure reactive oxygen metabolites ( ROMs) using automatic biochemical analyzer.Methods Serum samples were collected from 50 healthy individuals and 50 hospitalized patientsin Beijing Hospital from September 2013 to November 2013.By setting up and optimizing parameters on automatic biochemical analyzer, a new method of measuring ROMS was established with TBHP as calibrator.130 healthy non-smokers were recruited in Beijing Hospital from November 2013 to December 2013 to establish reference interval, including 73 males and 57 females.The average age was 68.8 ±12.5.According to CLSI documents, there was the establishment of the new method including precision, limit of blank ( LoB ) , limit of detection ( LoD ) , limit of quantitation (LoQ), linearity,interference testing, and reference interval.Results The intra assay imprecision was 1. 5%-4.1% and the total imprecision was 4.4%-9.9%.LoB was 0.85 mmol/L TBHP;LoD was 2. 7mmol/L TBHP;LoQ was 5.9mmol/L TBHP.The linearity was 5.9-600 mmol/L (R2 =0.995).When triglyceride≤28.58 mmol/L, hemoglobin≤173 g/L, vitamin C≤60 mg/dl and bilirubin≤73.8 μmol/L, the deviation was -7.6%, 4.6%, -98.9%, 19.1%respectively.The normal reference interval was 61.9 -88.1 mmol/L TBHP.Conclusions The newly-established method has good performances of precision,LOD and linearity, which can meet the clinical needs.The interference of triglyceride and hemoglobin is small, while vitamin C and bilirubin have stronger interference on measurement.( Chin J Lab Med,2015,38:163-167)

Objective To establish a capillary gas chromatography( GC)method for the determination of residual organic solvents in poly( lactic-co-glycolide)( PLGA),including methanol,acetone,dichloromethane,and toluene. Methods A capillary GC method was carried out. DB-624 capillary column(30 m× 0. 32 mm,1. 80 μm)with programmed temperature chromatography was employed. The initial temperature was kept at 40 ℃ for 8 min. Then the temperature was raised to 200 ℃ at a rate of 10 ℃·min-1 . The injection port temperature was 180 ℃,and the split ratio was 10:1. The carrier gas was nitrogen. The temperature of FID was set at 250 ℃,and the sample volume was set at 3 μL. Results Four residual organic solvents consisting of methanol,acetone,dichloromethane and toluene in PLGA were completely separated. The linear range of concentration of methanol,acetone,dichloromethane and toluene was within 10. 0-50. 0( r=0. 999 8 ),16. 7-83. 3( r=0.9998),2.0-10.0(r=0.9993),and3.0-14.8(r=0.9997)μg·mL-1,respectively.Therecoveryofmethanol,acetone, dichloromethane and toluene was 99. 9%( RSD=1. 5%),100. 8%( RSD=0. 9%),100. 1%( RSD=1. 1%),and 99. 5%(RSD=0. 6%),respectively. Six batches of samples met the requirements. Conclusion The method is proven to be sensitive and accurate after the validation. It is suitable for the determination of residual organic solvents in PLGA.

Background The underlying mechanism of choroidal neovascularization(CNV) is multifactorial and complex.Focal adhesion kinase(FAK) plays a crucial role in controlling essential cellular processes and influencing distinct steps of the angiogenic response.But to our knowledge,seldom study on the effect of FAK on CNV formation has been reported previously.Objective In this study,the effect of several CNV risk factors on the expression of FAK in cultured retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) cells was investigated to illuminate effect of FAK on CNV.Methods Human RPE cells were isolated from donor eyes and exposed to H2O2,swallow of outer segment of photoreceptors(POS) and extracellular matrix(ECM) separately with the treating as follows:RPE cells were co-cultured with 10,20,50 and 100μmol/L H2O2 for 20 days;POS(1×106/ml) were co-cultivated with RPE cells for 20 days(setting control group,POS group,hypoxia group with 200μmol/L CoCl2,and POS+hyoxia group);RPE cells were cultured on the plates coated with 100mg/L fibronectin(FN),laminin(LN) or collagen typeⅠfor 30minutes or 1 hour.The expression of FAK and pFAK in RPE cells were examined by Western blot analysis.Results FAK was highly expressed in the 20μmol/L and 50μmol/L H2O2 groups compared with control group(P＜0.01);while he expression level of pFAK was reduced after treated with H2O2 in comparison with the control group(P＜0.01).After cultured with POS for 20 days,the undigested lysosome could be observed in RPE cells.The expressions of FAK and pFAK in RPE cells were not significantly changed between control group and POS groups(P＞0.05),but those in hypoxia group were significantly up-regulated in comparison with control group(P＜0.01).Compared with the hypoxia group,the expression amount of pFAK was elevated in POS+hyoxia group(P＜0.01).In comparison with control group,the increased pFAK expression was seen in FN,LN and collagen typeⅠtreating for 1-hour groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion FAK pathway participates in several CNV-initiated signaling,such as H2O2,POS and ECM,in cultured RPE cells.It is reasonable to believe that FAK potentially plays an important role in CNV-dependent disorder.

Objective To study the effect of 17β-estrogen(17β-E2)on injured dopaminergic (DA) neurons induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA),and explore whether 17β-E2 has neuroprotective effect.Methods The male SD rats aged 2-3 d were decapitated under sterile conditions; the brain slices were induced injury by 6-OHDA(200 μmol/L); cells in the slices were divided into control group and 17β-E2 treatment groups(intervention with 1.0xl0-8 mol/L,1.0xl0-9 mol/L and 1.0×10-10 mol/L of 17β-E2,respectively).The tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)expression in DA neurons was observed by Western blotting at 15,30 and 60 min after the intervention.Results The expression of TH in the 1.0×10-9 mol/L 17β-E2 treatment group was the highest,which was significantly different as compared with that in the control group(P＜0.05); increasing or decreasing the concentration of 17β-E2 could not regulate the expression of TH; in the 1.0×10-9 mol/L 17β-E2 treatment group,TH expression at 15 min after intervention enjoyed the highest level; the TH expression could not increase by extending the time.Conclusion The 17β-E2 treatment at certain concentration(1.0×10-9 mol/L)for certain time(15 min)has a protective effect on injuried DA neurons

The changes of microRNA expression in rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were explored. Adult SD rats received a single controlled cortical impact injury, and the ipsilateral hippocampus was harvested for the subsequent microarray assay at three time points after TBI: 1st day, 3rd day and 5th day, respectively. We characterized the microRNA expression profile in rat hippocampus using the microRNA microarray analysis, and further verified microarray results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 using quantitative real-time PCR. Totally 205 microRNAs were identified and up-/down-regulated more than 1.5 times. There were significant changes in 17 microRNAs at all three time points post-TBI. The quantitative real-time PCR results of miR-142-3p and miR-221 indicated good consistency with the results of the microarray method. MicroRNAs altered at different time points post-TBI. MiR-142-3p and miR-221 may be used as potentially biological markers for TBI assessment in forensic practice.

Objective To investigate the reasons of unacceptable results and corrective measures adopted in external quality assessment (EQA)for blood gas and acid-base analysis.Methods The reasons of unacceptable results and corrective measures for three EQA testing events of blood gas and acid-base analysis in 2016 were reported through EQA system based on web which was developed by National Central for Clinical Laboratories.The responses were divided into seven major groups,including EQA samples,errors in reporting results,methodology,equipments,techniques,EQA evaluations and unexplainable results after survey.Results The disqualified rates of EQA survey on blood gas and acid-base analysis were ranged from 0.5％ to 13.1％ and reporting rates of disqualification causes were ranged from 45.8％ to 69.0％ (except for the groups less than 20 laboratories).In the reasons for unacceptable results technological defects (35.9％ to 37.0％)were mainly associated with inappropriate specimen handling and/or storing,reagents and calibration problems.The defects of equipments (24.4％ to 27.9％) included mainly the malfunction and failure to adhere to scheduled instrument maintenance procedures.The errors in reporting results (12.2％ to 19.7％) were mostly transcription errors and reporting wrong codes.The unexplainable results after survey account for 8.7％ to 9.6％.The methodological defects (8.1％ to 11.8％) were largely attributed to inadequate training and quality control method.The defects of EQA evaluations (0.8％ to 3.3％)were all due to inappropriate grouping.The categorizations of the problems in the three EQA testing events were similar.The most corrective measures were appropriate,in which re-education and training for staff and improvement in instruments,reagents,internal quality control,calibration and process of reporting results were included.Conclusion The analysis and classification for reasons of unacceptable EQA results should be helpful for laboratories in identifying opportunities for improvement and adopting corrective measures in time.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of self-prescribed Guchong Decoction combined with Ferroids for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA)patients with unconsolidation of thoroughfare and conception vessels. Methods A total of 70 IDA patients with unconsolidation of thoroughfare and conception vessels were randomized into treatment group and control group,35 cases in each group. The control group was given oral use of Ferroids, and the treatment group was treated with self-prescribed Guchong Decoction combined with Ferroids. One month constituted a treatment course,and both groups were treated for 2 courses. Before and after treatment,we compared the parameters of blood routine test for red blood cells(RBC),hemoglobin (HGB), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), MCH concentration (MCHC),white blood cells(WBC)and platelets,as well as reticulocytes(Ret)and iron metabolism indexes including serum iron(SI),serum ferritin(SF),and total iron-binding capacity(TIBC). The adverse reaction was monitored during the treatment. After treatment,both western medicine clinical efficacy and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)syndrome clinical efficacy of the two groups were evaluated. A 3-month follow-up was carried out after treatment to evaluate the recurrence rate. Results(1)Drop-out occurred in one case from the treatment group and in 2 cases from the control group because of short-term medication suspension.(2)After treatment for 2 months, western medicine clinical cure rate of the treatment group was 82.4％ and that of the control group was 60.6％, and TCM syndrome clinical cure rate of the treatment group was 94.1％ and that of the control group was 51.5％,the difference being significant(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).(3)The levels of RBC,HGB,Ret, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and WBC of the two groups were obviously increased after treatment (P < 0.01), and PLT level was markedly decreased (P < 0.01)as compared with those before treatment,but the inter-group differences after treatment were insignificant (P > 0.05). (4)After treatment,iron metabolism indexes of SF and SI of the two groups were significantly increased (P < 0.01), and TIBC of the treatment group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The treatment group had stronger effect on increasing SF and SI and on decreasing TIBC than the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (5)The incidence of adverse reaction and the recurrence rate in the treatment group were lower than those of the control group,the difference being significant (P< 0.01). Conclusion Guchong Decoction combined with Ferroids is effective for the treatment of IDA with unconsolidation of thoroughfare and conception vessels through relieving symptoms rapidly, reducing gastrointestinal adverse reaction,and decreasing recurrent rate.

Translational medicine is a new concept presented in recent decades, the core of which is to build a bridge between basic medical research and clinical application. From the beginning of constitution of Chinese medicine, clinical application has been given priority. Therefore, the idea of translational medicine is fully demonstrated in the research into the three key scientific problems of "classification of constitution of Chinese medicine", "relationship between constitution and disease" and "adjustment of constitution". Under its guidance, not only was the systematic theory of constitution of Chinese medicine established, but also the Constitution of Chinese Medicine Scale and the Standards of Classification and determination of Constitution of Chinese Medicine were developed, which translates methods of classifying the nine constitutional types into guidance for prevention of disease, management of health and clinical application. The research findings of constitution of Chinese medicine have been applied in clinical practice and public health, establishing the diagnosis and treatment model of constitution-disease-syndrome differentiation. The nationwide application of constitution differentiation has shown good effect. In the future, constitution of Chinese medicine should strengthen the evidence-based research and multi-disciplinary cooperation, and establish a research team on comprehensive constitution of Chinese medicine and translational medicine, to translate the findings into clinical practice and public health more accurately and quickly.
Biomedical Research ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Syndrome ; Translational Medical Research ; United States ; United States Public Health Service

Objective To establish a quality standard of yinqiao xiaozhen mixture. Methods Preparation of Forsyth-ia,Arctium lappa L.,and Honeysuckle were identified by TLC method.The concentration of baicalin in yinqiao xiaozhen mixture was determined by HPLC method. Results The qualitative identification method can detect Forsythia,Arctium lappa L.,and Honeysuckle.TLC spots were clear.TLC method has strong specificity.The linear range of baicalin was 0.122 5-1.531 2 μg,r=0.999 9,the average sample recovery rate was 99.42%,RSD was 2.19%,respectively. Conclusion The method is simple,ac-curate and repeatable,which can be used for quality control of Qinqiao xiaozhen mixture.

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal tumor, mostly benign, and malignant is rare. In this paper, we report a 71-year-old male patient with left renal tumor and a 59-year-old patient with right renal tumor who underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and laparoscopic radical total right nephrectomy, respectively. Postoperative pathology showed benign PEComa and malignant PEComa, respectively. Two years and 10 months of follow-up were given to the benign patient and the malignant patient after surgery, and both patients were in good general condition with no tumor recurrence or metastasis.