Objective To investigate the effects ofviaminate on the proliferation and differentiation of HaCaT cells,a human keratinocyte cell line.Methods Cultured HaCaT cells were treated with various concentrations (2,5,10,15,20,25 and 30?g/mL) of viaminate for various durations.The cell proliferation was assessed by MTT method,the changes of cell cycle and apoptosis rate by flow cytometry,the changes of keratin 10 and involucrin mRNA expressions by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR.Results The proliferation of HaCaT cells was inhibited by the treatment with viaminate of≥2?g/mL for 48 h,and the inhibition rate was raised with the increase of treatment time and dosage.The viaminate of 30?g/mL inhibited the proliferation of HaCaT cells by 57.67% and 82.00% at 48 and 72 h after the incubation respectively,and elevated the mRNA expression of involucrin from 40.80% to 156.12%,decreased the mRNA expression of keratin 10 from 96.46% to 14.60%.The mRNA expression of involucrin increased with the elevation of viarninate dosage.Under the treatment with viaminate for 48 h,the cell population at G_1 phase significantly increased,that at S and G_2 phases decreased;the switching of G_1 to G_2 was inhibited;but the cell apoptosis was not affected.Conclusion Viaminate could inhibit the proliferation and induce the differentiation of keratinocytes.

Objective To evaluate the Chinese version of Benefit Finding Scale (BFS) for breast cancer patients.Methods After consent of the author,according to the flow path of scales,we established the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of BUS,a convenience sample of 293 patients were recruited for evaluation.Results The Chinese version of BFS was comprised of 19 items,Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.911,test-retest reliability was 0.812,I-CVI was 0.833～1.000,S-CVI was 0.955.Meanwhile,exploratory analysis showed that the most interpretable solution consisted of 3 factors,the accumulative variance contribution which explained 55.101％ of variance of the total scale.The related validity showed that the correlative coefficient of Chinese version of BUS and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) was 0.745.Conclusions It suggests that the 19-item Chinese version of the BFS has good reliability and validity,which could be used as a research tool for measuring breast cancer patients' benefit finding.

Objective To investigate whether liraglutide treatment can prevent catch-up fat in high-fat dietinduced catch-up growth rats,and to discuss the possible underlying mechanisms.Methods Sixty-four SpragueDawley rats were stratified into 4 groups:normal control group,catch-up growth (CUG) group,catch-up growth with liraglutide treatment (CUGL) group,and catch-up growth with liraglutide plus exendin (9-39) treatment (CUGLE) group.All the catch-up growth animals underwent a4 week high-fat diet re-feeding phase after a4 week food restriction phase.Body weight and food intake were measured every day.At the end of food restriction and re-feeding,body composition was measured via Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.After the rats were sacrificed,body fat distribution and plasma lipid levels were determined.Results By the end of catch-up growth,body weight,energy intake,Lee' s index,fat body mass,visceral adipose tissue/body weight,subcutaneous adipose tissue/body weight,triglyceride,free fatty acid,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were lower in CUGL rats compared with CUG rats (all P＜0.01).There were no significant differences in energy intake,body composition,fat body mass,and blood lipid levels between CUGLE rats and CUG rats,while the weight of CUGLE rats was significantly lower than CUG ones.Conclusions Liraglutide infusion protects rats with high-fat diet induced catch-up growth from catch-up fat mainly via a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor dependent manner.

Objective To investigate the relationship between urinary iodine level and thyroid disease.Methods The study used a case-control design.One hundred and nine patients with thyroid disease from the Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Institute for Endemic Disease Control were selected as case group from 2011 to 2012,and these patients were divided into three groups:Graves's disease (GD) group (n =48),chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (HT) group(n =34) and thyroid nodules group(n =27).Sixty-two healthy people from the same region were selected as a control group.Urinary iodine was determined using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry,thyroid autoantibody (TRAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) was detected using electrochemiluminescence,while iodine absorption rate was measured using thyroid function analyzer,and thyroid volume was measured using type-B ultrasonic method.The relationship between urinary iodine level and patients with thyroid disease was compared with that of control group.Results Urinary iodine levels of patients with GD,HT,thyroid nodules and control groups were 313.95,375.20,220.20 and 196.50 μg/L,respectively.Urinary iodine levels of patients with GD and HT groups were higher than that of control group(Z =3.238,4.275,all P ＜ 0.0125).Urinary iodine level of patients with HT was higher than that of thyroid nodules(Z =3.762,P ＜ 0.0125).Iodine uptakes of GD,HT,thyroid nodules and control groups were (84.20 ± 16.90)％,(23.51 ± 6.72)％,(28.34 ± 8.02)％ and (29.31 ± 8.41)％; TRAbs of patients with GD,HT,thyroid nodules and control groups were (58.57 ± 20.31)％,(2.54± 1.00)％,(2.98 ± 0.83)％ and (3.01 ± 1.21)％; TPOAbs of patients with GD,HT,thyroid nodules and control groups were (117.03 ± 57.21)％,(251.00 ± 98.20)％,(16.81 ± 9.87)％ and (15.00 ± 7.23)％.Iodine uptake,TRAb and TPOAb of GD group were higher than those of control group(P ＜ 0.05).TPOAb of HT group was higher than that of control group(P ＜ 0.05).Urinary iodine levels of GD group and HT group were positively correlated with TPOAb(correlation coefficient were 0.462,0.478 all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Excessive iodine intake is found in patients with GD and HT.Determination of urinary iodine is helpful for individualized iodine supplementation.

Metabotropie glutamate receptor (mGluR) 2/3 plays an important role on the nociceptive transmission from periphery to spinal cord.The previous studies demonstrated that mGluR2 can contribute to mechanical hypersensitivity and thermal hypersensitivity in rat.Therefore,in the present study,by using the immunofluorescenee histochemical technique,we try to explore that whether mGluR2 is colocalized with acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3),a muhi-modulator of mechanosensation,or transient receptor potential/vanilloid receptor subtype-1 (TRPV1),which responses for thermosensation in dorsal root ganglion (DRG).Morphological observations showed that mGluR2-immunoreactivity was mainly distributed in cellular plasma of neurons in DRG.The counting number results indicated that 35.84% of DRG neurons were mGluR2-immunoreactive (ir).On the other hand,82.61% of mGluR2-ir cells were the small-diameter neurons (diameter:＜30 μm),5.79% of which were the medium-diameter neurons (diameter:30-50μm) and 11.59% of which was the large-diameter neurons (diameter:＞50 tun).Furthermore,42.45% and 79.78% of mGiuR2-ir cells was individually co-localized with ASIC3-or TRPVI-ir in small-diameter neurons in the double-labeled immunofluorescence sections.The present results suggest that mGhiR2 mainly exists in small neurons of the DRG,which are regarded as nociceptors consisting of AS-and C-fibers.While mGluR2 is highly co-localized with ASIC3 and TRPV1,implying their potential relationship in DRG may be involved in mechanical hypersensitivity and thermal hypersensitivity.

Objective To observe the combined poisonous effects of fluoride and aluminum on sex hormone of male rats.Methods Sixteen weaned SD healthy male rats aged two week were selected and divided into control group,aluminum group,fluoride group,fluorine-aluminum group,four rats in each group.All rats in the experimental groups were fed with corn collected from the prevailng areas containing different fluorine contents respectively for 90 days.Serum testosterone(T)and estradiol(E2)were detected.Results Compared separatelv with the control group[(3.317±0.635)μg/L],serum T level of fluorine-aluminum group[(15.994±6.558)μg/L]was higher(P＜0.05),but aluminum[(8.134±3.134)μg/L]and fluorine[(1.868±0.367)μg/L]groups had no significant differences(P＞0.05).Compared separately with the control group[(0.319±0.072)nmol/L],E2 level of the fluorine group[(0.172±0.030)nmol/L]being lower(P＜0.05),and it was not significant differences(P＞0.05)in the control group when compared with aluminum group[(0.282±0.012)nmol/L],and fluorine-aluminum group[(0.265±0.047)nmol/L].Fluorine and aluminum interacted with each other(F=9.82,P＜0.05).Conclusion The combined poisonous effects of fluorine and aluminum may influence sex hormone levels of male rats.

Objective To evaluate the influence of blood transfusion or pregnancy on blood cross-matching results.Methods 1 000 specimens with blood transfusion or pregnancy history were collected and performed the blood group typing,blood cross matching,irregular antibody screening and identification by the micro-gel method with the specimens of first time transfuse blood and without pregnancy history as the control.The inconsistency rate of positive negative blood grouping,unqualified rate of blood cross matching and the positive rate of irregular antibody were compared between the two groups by the t-test.The causes influen-cing the blood cross-matching results were analyzed.Results The inconsistency rate of blood cross-matching in the blood transfu-sion or pregnancy group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P <0.05);the inconsistency rate of positive nega-tive blood grouping was similar in the two groups(P >0.05);the positive rate of irregular antibody screening in the blood transfu-sion or pregnancy group was also significantly higher than that in the control group(P <0.05),indicating that the main causes in-fluencing blood cross matching was the existence of irregular antibodies in the patients in vivo.Conclusion Blood transfusion or pregnancy may stimulate the body to produce the irregular antibodies.Therefore the irregular antibody screening should be per-formed before blood transfusion and blood without corresponding antigen will be selected for transfusion according to the antibody identification results for ensuring safe and effective blood transfusion.

To explore the relationship between serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level and obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in euthyroid subjects, 1322 subjects were subjected to a questionnaire survey and physical examination. Fasting blood samples were collected to test serum TSH, plasma glucose and lipids. Fatty liver was diagnosed by type B ultrasonography. The relationship between serum TSH level and body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat and NAFLD was analyzed. The results showed that serum TSH level was significantly higher in females than in males at the same group, and it was significantly higher in overweight group than in control group. Levels of body weight, BMI, waist circumference and percentage of body fat were increased in TSH >2.5 group compared to TSH ≤2.5 group in women. However, plasma lipids showed no significant differences. In males all the parameters showed no significant differences between two groups. Serum TSH was significantly correlated with body weight, BMI, waist circumference and percentage of body fat after adjustment for age in females. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that percentage of body fat and BMI contributed significantly to the variance of TSH. Serum TSH level was significantly higher in nonalcoholic fatty liver group than in normal group in females. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that TSH level was not the independent risk factor of NAFLD. Taken together the data suggest that serum TSH in normal range is significantly correlated with BMI and percentage of body fat in females. And the change of TSH level would not influence the prevalence of NAFLD.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of blocking the JAK/STAT signal pathway on the activity of Caspase-3 in the synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis rats.MethodsFifty rat models of collageninduced arthritis,which had arthritis index more than 2 were divided into the model group,the low dosage of AG490 group,the medium dosage of AG490 group and high dosage of AG490 group.Inaddition,6 rats were treated as normal control group.Normal saline,AG490 1,5,10 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 were given by intraperitoneal injection.Then the volume claws and pathologic scores of the rat models were recorded and the activity of Caspase-3 in the synovial tissue were compared.The results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD-t or Tamhane's T2 test.ResultsThe arthritis of the CIA models progressed fast,the volume of the claws and the pathological score of them were significantly higher than those of the control group.At the same time,no Caspase-3 positive express could be detected in the control group,whilethe model group had slightly increased expression.After different dosages of AG490 were applied,the swollen of joints was significantly improved compared with the model group.The histopathological score of the medium AG490 dosage of group and high dosage group(2.7±0.8,1.8+0.9) were remarkably decreased than those of the model group(4.3+1.2),the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).In addition,the Caspase-3 expression in the low,medium and high AG490 dosage group ( 1.90±0.15,3.13±0.33,3.56+0.34) was significantly higher than that of the model group(1.48±0.18)(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01 ).ConclusionBlocking JAK/STAT signal pathway can increase the activity of Caspase-3,reduce the excessive proliferation of synovial tissue,and improve arthritis symptoms.

Abstract?AIM: To investigate the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate ( EGCG ) against oxidative stress induced by high glucose in human lens epithelium ( HLE) cells.? METHODS: The HLE cell oxidative damage model induced by high concentration glucose was established, and was intervented with different concentrations of EGCG. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay, cell morphology was investigated by convert microscope, cells apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry with Hoechst-PI staining. Moreover, the levels of super oxide dismutase ( SOD) , glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde ( MDA) in supernatant were also tested after different treatment either with high concentration glucose or with different concentrations of EGCG.?RESULTS: MTT results showed that HLE cells activity increased to 50. 33%± 3. 52% and 63. 33%± 4. 63% after treated with 10 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L EGCG respectively, the difference was statistically significant compared with oxidative injury group(32. 67%±3. 10%)(P<0. 05 ); HLE cells maintained better morphology intervented with EGCG under high glucose conditions, the number of apoptotic cells reduced, SOD and GSH-Px level within HLE cells increased and MDA levels decreased.?CONCLUSION:EGCG plays its strong antioxidant effect by increasing SOD, GSH-Px content and decreasing MDA content in cells, therefore provides a reliable experimental basis for the search for effective prevention and treatment of cataract drug.