Puerariae Lobatae Radix, also known as Gegen, is a root derived from Pueraria lobata. Based on field investigation and the developmental anatomy of root tuber, we have elucidated the relationship between the growth of root tuber and the anomalous structure. The results of analysis showed that the root system of P. lobata was developed from seed and adventitious root and there existed root tuber, adventitious root and conductive root according to morphology and function. The root tuber was developed from adventitious root, its secondary structure conformed to the secondary structure of dicotyledon's root. With the development of root, the secondary phloem of root tuber appeared abnormal vascular tissue, which was distributed like ring in the outside of secondary vascular tissue. The root tuber might have 4-6 concentric circular permutation abnormal vascular tissuelobate, and was formed by the internal development of abnormal vascular tissue. The xylem and phloem of abnormal vascular tissue were the main body of the root tuber. The results reveal the abnormal anatomical structure development of P. lobata, also provides the theoretical basis for reasonable harvest medicinal parts and promoting sustainable utilization of resources of P. lobata.
Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Plant Tubers ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development ; Pueraria ; anatomy & histology ; growth & development

Objective To assess the myocardial function with early insulin treatment by velocity vector imaging (VVI) combined with dipyridamole stress in diabetic rats.Methods The 30 rats comprised 20 diabetic rats and 10 normal rats in the study.The 20 diabetic rats were divided into the diabetes mellitus(DM) group and the treatment group.Every rat in the treatment group was hypodermic injected with protamime biosynthetic human insulin after the diabetic model established.The control group was including 10 normal rats of the same age.After 8 weeks,each rat was performed with VVI at baseline and after dipyridamole stress.Results At baseline VVI,the parameters in the DM and the treatment groups were reduced compared with those in the control group.The systolic velocity,circumferential strain,systolic and diastolic circumferential strain rate in the treatment group were increased significantly compared with those in the DM group.After stress,the VVI reserve parameters in the treatment group were higher than those in the DM group.Conclusions The myocardial function are improved with early insulin treatment in the diabetic rats.

Objective To evaluate left ventricular function of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients who underwent autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) transplantation with tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Methods Forty-eight male patients with AMI were divided into experimental group and control group (each n=24). PCI was performed within 24 hours after attach. Patients in experimental group received autologous BMMNC transplantation 7-14 days after PCI. Conventional echocardiography and TDI were performed before and 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak systolic (S_a, S_m), early diastolic (E_a, E_m) and late diastolic (A_a, A_m) mitral velocities and regional myocardial velocities were obtained with conventional echocardiography or TDI, and compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference of each index between two groups before operation. Compared with the control group, S_a, S_m, E_m, E_a/A_a and Em/Am improved significantly in experimental group at each follow-up time point; LVEF and E_a were significantly higher than those of control group 3 and 6 months after treatment. Conclusion Combination of PCI and autologous BMMNC transplantation is more helpful to improve regional and global cardiac systolic and diastolic function after myocardial infarction, which can be quantitatively evaluated with TDI.

Objective To investigate the expression and variation of MIP 1β,MIP-2,and IL-12p70 in mice with bloodstream infection caused by 4 kinds of bacteria.Methods CD-1 (ICR) mouse models of bloodstream infection with Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus),Enterococcus f aecalis (E.f aecalis),Escherichia coli (E.coli),and K lebsiella pneumoniae (K.pneumoniae) were established.After mice in each trial group and PBS control group were infected by bacteria for 0.5h,1h,3h,6h,12h,24h,and 48h,concentrations of MIP-1β,MIP-2,and IL-12p70 were detected by Luminex liquid suspension chip system.Results Concentrations of MIP-1β increased significantly 1h after bacteria was in blood,S.aureus,E.faecalis,E.coli,K.pneumoniae,and control groups were (134.5 ± 18.3),(61.5 ± 15.4),(3 354.0 ±809.0),(6 888.4 ± 1 100.2),and (28.9 ± 4.6) pg/mL respectively;the peak values of IL-12p70 were (389.3 ± 118.1),(127.6 ± 10.0),(42.2 ± 3.5),(62.8 ± 8.4),and (4.8 ± 0.3) pg/mL respectively.Concentrations of MIP-1β and MIP-2 in E.coli and K.pneumoniae groups were significantly higher than other trial groups and control group (all P＜0.01),while concentrations of IL-12p70 in S.aureus and E.faecalis groups were both significantly higher than E.coli,K.pneumoniae,and control groups (all P＜0.01).Conclusion Concentrations of MIP-1β and MIP-2 in E.coli and K.pneumoniae groups were both significantly higher than those in S.aureus and E.faecalis groups,while concentrations of IL-12p70 in S.aureus and E.faecalis groups were both significantly higher than those in E.coli and K.pneumoniae groups.The combination detection of multiple cytokines or chemokines are valuable in predicting gram-positive or gram-negative bacterial infection,and can provide basis for treatment of early infection.

Objective:To study the effect of PAD (presentation-assimilation-discussion) class applied in the standardized residency training of dermatovenereology on improving residents' practical operation ability.Methods:A total of 120 residents taking the standardized residency training of dermatovenereology in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from November 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects and divided into two groups according to the time order of admission, among which, 60 residents enrolled from November 2018 to November 2019 were selected as the control group, and 60 residents enrolled from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the experimental group. The control group adopted the traditional standardized residency training mode, and the experimental group adopted the teaching mode of PAD class. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. The results of theoretical knowledge assessment and skill operation assessment were compared between the two groups by t test, the evaluation of teaching effect was compared between the two groups by chi-square test, and the satisfaction of teaching was compared between the two groups by rank sum test. Results:The theoretical knowledge [(45.38±4.14) points], skill operation [(42.35±4.32) points] and total score [(88.74± 7.69) points] of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group [(39.62 ± 4.15) points, (36.25±4.27) points, (77.96±7.52) points, respectively], with statistical significance ( P<0.05). The evaluation of teaching effect in the experimental group showed that 49 residents (81.67%) believed that their learning interest had been stimulated; 51(85.00%) improved their self-learning ability; 47(78.33%)improved their ability of analyzing and solving problems; 50(83.33%) improved their doctor-patient communication ability; 49(81.67%) improved their clinical thinking ability; 52(86.67%) improved their teamwork ability; and 50(83.33%) improved their literature retrieval ability. The results of satisfaction showed that the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group in sense of responsibility, teaching methods, teaching contents and self-evaluation. Conclusion:The application of PAD class in the standardized residency training of dermatovenereology plays a positive role in mobilizing the learning enthusiasm of residents and cultivating their independent learning ability, and can significantly improve the practical operation and theoretical awareness of residents.

Objective To investigate the effect of different concentrations of magnesium-calcium alloy extract on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) in human colonic epithelial NCM460 cells.Methods The different concentrations of extracts (the volume fraction was 10％,50％ and 100％ respectively) were made with magnesium-calcium alloy.The 5 × 106 L-1 NCM460 suspension was randomly divided into control group,experimental group 1,experimental group 2 and experimental group 3.The cells in the control group were cultured by 2 000 μL high glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (containing 10％ volume fraction of fetal bovine serum).The cells in the experimental group 1,2 and 3 were cultured by 2 000 μL magnesium-calcium alloy extract with volume fraction of 10％,50％ and 100％ respectively.The expressions of MMP9 and TIMP3 mRNA in NCM460 cells was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and the expression of MMP9 and TIMP3 protein in NCM460 cells was detected by Western blot at after one,three and five days of cultivation respectively.Results The expression of MMP9 mRNA and TIMP3 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 1,2 and 3 was significantly lower than that in the control group after one day of cultivation (P ＜ 0.05).After three and five days of cultivation,the expression of MMP9 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 1 was significantly lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05),but the expression of MMP9 mRNA in the NCM460 cells of the experimental group 2 and 3 was significantly higher than that in the control group and the experimental group 1 (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of MMP9 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that in the experimental group 2 after five days of cultivation (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of MMP9 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 1,2 and 3 after three and five days of cultivation was significantly higher than that after one day of cultivation(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of MMP9 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 1 between three and five days of cultivation (P ＞ 0.05).The expression of MMP9 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 2 and 3 after five days of cultivation was significantly higher than that after three days of cultivation(P ＜ 0.05).The expression of TIMP3 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 2 and 3 was significantly higher than that in the experimental group 1 after one day of euhivation (P ＜ 0.05).After three days of cultivation,the expression of TIMP3 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 1,2 and 3 was significantly lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05);the expression of TIMP3 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 2 was significantly lower than that in the experimental group 1 and 3 (P ＜ 0.05).After five days of cultivation,the expression of TIMP3 mRNA in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 1,2 and 3 was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of TIMP3 mRNA in NCM460 cells after three and five days of cultivation was significantly higher than that after one day of cultivation (P ＜ 0.05),and the expression of TIMP3 after five days of cultivation was significantly higher than that after three days of cultivation in the experimental group 1 (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of TIMP3 mRNA in NCM460 cells after three days of cultivation was significantly lower than that after one day of cultivation (P ＜ 0.05),and the expression of TIMP3 after five days of cultivation was significantly higher than that after one and three days of cultivation in the experimental group 2 (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of TIMP3 mRNA in NCM460 cells after five days of cultivation was significantly higher than that after one and three days of cultivation in the experimental group 3 (P ＜ 0.05).After five days of cultivation,there was no significant difference in the expression of MMP9 protein in NCM460 cells between the experimental group 1 and control group (P ＞ 0.05),the expression of MMP9 protein in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 2 and 3 was significantly higher than that in the control group and the experimental group 1 (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference in the expression of MMP9 protein in NCM460 cells between the experimental group 2 and 3 (P ＞ 0.05).After five days of cultivation,the expression of TIMP3 protein in NCM460 cells of the experimental group 1,2 and 3 was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜0.05);but there was no significant difference in the expression of TIMP3 protein in NCM460 cells among the experimental group 1,2and 3 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The high concentration of magnesium-calcium alloy extract has certain influence on the expression of MMP9 and TIMP3 gene in NCM460 cells,which may lead to the early inflammatory reaction,and the mechanism may be related to the calcium ion concentration in the extract.

Objective:To establish a speech recognition system based on adaptive technology and to evaluate its value in pathological grossing processes.Methods:A total of 600 tissue specimens were collected at the Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College between October 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020. A speech recognition system based on adaptive technology was used in the pathological grossing processes, and the pathological examination reports were generated and extracted.Results:The speech recognition system based on adaptive technology showed a good recognition rate (overall recognition rate = 77.87%) and helped achieve rapid input and output of pathological examination data.Conclusions:The speech recognition system can reduce the labor costs, improve the work efficiency of pathologists and increase the quality of medical services, which may be valuable for building next-generation smart hospitals.

Objective:To investigate the application value of the teaching evaluation method guided by cultivating "excellent doctors" in the clinical teaching of dermatology and venereology.Methods:A non-simultaneous control study was conducted, and the medical students who received theoretical learning and clinical internship in Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, from March 2020 to February 2022, were enrolled as subjects. According to the order of enrollment, 32 students who were enrolled from March 2020 to February 2021 were set up as control group, and 31 students who were enrolled from March 2021 to February 2022 were set up as experimental group. The students in the control group received lecture-based learning, and those in the experimental group received clinical teaching using a teaching and evaluation method guided by cultivating "excellent doctors". After the course ended, the two groups were compared in terms of the scores of theoretical knowledge and operation skills, clinical thinking ability [Self-Assessment of Clinical Reasoning and Reflection (SACRR)], core competence [Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini CEX)], and degree of satisfaction with teaching. SPSS 25.0 software was used to perform the independent samples t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the chi-square test, and the rank sum test. Results:One student in the control group voluntarily withdrew from the study, and one student in the experimental group did not complete the contents of internship. Finally, 31 students in the control group and 30 in the experimental group were included in the study. After 4 weeks of internship, compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly higher scores of theoretical knowledge (88.00±4.30 vs. 85.71±4.12, t=2.12, P=0.040) and operation skills (91.87±3.99 vs. 88.23±3.84, t=3.63, P<0.05). After 4 weeks of internship, compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly higher information systematization score (47.23±3.11 vs. 45.16±3.00), analysis problem score (34.87±2.30 vs. 31.29±2.30), truth finding score (16.30±1.49 vs. 14.45±1.52), reflective ability score [3.50 (3.00, 4.00) vs. 3.00 (3.00, 3.00)], and total score of SACRR (101.87±4.47 vs. 93.90±4.47), with significant differences between the two groups ( t/ Z=2.65, 6.17, 4.79, 3.15, and 6.96, all P<0.05). After 4 weeks of internship, the experimental group had a significantly better core competence than the control group ( Z=2.12, P=0.030); compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly higher classroom teaching score (20.17±1.98 vs. 18.45±2.23, t=3.17, P<0.05), clinical practice score (19.83±2.10 vs. 17.65±2.17, t=4.00, P<0.05), learning plan score (18.63±2.24 vs. 17.03±2.15, t=2.85, P<0.05), teaching resource score (20.07±1.82 vs. 18.58±2.00, t=3.04, P<0.05) and total score (78.70±3.67 vs. 71.71±4.13, t=6.98, P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of the teaching and evaluation method guided by cultivating "excellent doctors" in the clinical teaching of dermatology and venereology can improve clinical theoretical knowledge, practical operation skills, clinical thinking ability, and core ability among interns and thus help to improve teaching quality. Therefore, it holds promise for clinical application.

This article reports a case of prenatal diagnosis of fetal Costello syndrome. At 11 weeks of gestation, the fetal nuchal translucency thickness was 2.5 mm. At 26 +1 weeks of gestation, ultrasound indicated that the fetal abdominal circumference was significantly enlarged, suggesting fetal overgrowth. Subsequent regular ultrasound follow-ups revealed polyhydramnios, enlarged fetal kidneys, and macroglossia after 30 +5 weeks of gestation. Whole-exome sequencing of the family detected a c.34G>A(p.Gly12Ser) mutation in the fetal HRAS gene, which was pathogenic and not present in either parent. Based on clinical manifestations, the fetus was diagnosed with Costello syndrome. After genetic counseling, the pregnant woman opted for termination of the pregnancy.

BACKGROUND:Stem cells have been widely used in the treatment of spinal cord injury,but the clinical application is limited by immune rejection,difficulty in cell harvesting and purification.However,human nasal mucosa mesenchymal stem cells (hNM-MSCs) have no such problems,and its clinical application in the treatment of spinal cord injury has been not reported yet.OBJECTIVE:To observe the biological characteristics of autologous hNM-MSCs and its clinical efficacy in the treatment of advanced incomplete spinal cord injury.METHODS:NM-MSCs were isolated from the human nasal mucosa,cultured and identified in vitro.The ultrastructure of NM-MSCs was observed by transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope.Then the NM-MSCs were induced to differentiate into osteocytes,adipocytes,stem cell spheres,or neurons in vitro.Totally eight patients with incomplete spinal cord injury were enrolled and subjected to hNM-MSCs transplantation via lumbar puncture for 1-3 sessions of about 5× 107 cells each,with an interval of 5-7 days,after the approval of the medical ethics committee.All the patients were followed up for 6 months.Preoperative and postoperative therapeutic effect evaluations were performed on the basis of American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under light microscope,the NM-MSCs were mainly spindle-shaped,positive for STRO-1 and exhibited a radial arrangement.NM-MSCs highly expressed CD73,CD90 and CD105,but did not express CD34 and CD45,with the purity of over 97％.And lots of podgy microvilli were seen on the surface of NM-MSCs under the scanning electron microscope,and two kinds of cell morphologies were seen under the transmission electron microscope.Moreover,hNM-MSCs had the ability to differentiate into osteocytes,adipocytes,stem cell spheres and neurons.During the 6-month follow-up,seven patients achieved neurological function recovery to different extents except for one patient,and no side effects were found.It is concluded that hNM-MSCs can become the ideal seed cells for tissue-engineered cell repair.Autologous NM-MSCs transplantation for the treatment of spinal cord injury can achieve the ideal effect,with the value of clinical application.