Purpose To investigate the value of real-time three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (RT3D-CEUS) for the evaluation of blunt renal trauma hemorrhage. Materials and Methods Nine healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, and after heparinization, the models of ongoing hemorrhage of blunt renal trauma were developed by self-made minitype striker in the three groups with different force levels:77.2 N (group A), 106.2 N (group B), 135.1 N (group C). All rabbits were performed ultrasonography (US), color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and RT3D-CEUS before and after strike (within 20 minutes). The results achieved by US, CDFI, 2D-CEUS (A-plane results in RT3D-CEUS) and RT3D-CEUS were compared with each other, and further compared with the pathological results of the executed animals after blood pressure decreased lower than 40 mmHg. Results All rabbits showed traumatic renal lesions and it proved that the bigger the force the heavier the injury (group A: 1 case of levelⅠ, 2 cases of levelⅡ;group B:3 cases of levelⅢ;group C:1 case of levelⅢ, 2 cases of level Ⅳ ). After strike, US identified the presence of increasing hematoma under the capsule but could not detect active bleeding. In CDFI, only 1 case was detected ongoing hemorrhage. 2D-CEUS clearly presented the bleeding in all cases. RT3D-CEUS presented a vivid real-time and stereoscopical image of active hemorrhage in all cases and also showed that the wider the bleeding area was shorter than the shock duration time. Conclusion RT3D-CEUS can present a real-time dynamic bleeding and locate headstream of blood in renal trauma vividly and stereoscopically, and can be used to preliminarily evaluate the degree of ongoing hemorrhage in traumatic kidney.

Objective To identify the presence of candidate pathogenicity island 89K DNA sequence of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) strains isolated from patient in Zhejiang province. Methods Genes and DNA fragments were amplified by PCR, using specific primers, and three amplified fragments of the89K sequence were directly sequenced. The results were analyzed using software related to bioinformaties and epidemiology. Results 8 strains of SS2 all contained 89K sequence, cps2J and mrp virulent genes, and species-specific 16S rDNA. 3 amplified fragments of 89K candidate pathogenicity island of SS2 ZJ0501 were above 99% similar to SS2 strain identified from outbreaks in Jiangsu in 1998, and the gene fragment of coding DNA recombinant protein in the 89K sequence was highly homological with that of S. dysgalactiae and S. agalactiae. Conclusion In recent years SS2 strains isolaed from patients with clinical symptoms in Zhejiang province had been detected to have contained candidate pathogenicy 89K DNA fragment.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the immunity in rats transplanted with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and acellular nerve (ACN) for repairing sciatic nerve defects. METHODS: ADSCs were isolated from the adipose tissues of Wistar rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish a sciatic nerve defect model and then divided into four groups, according to the following methods : Group A, allogenic nerve graft; Group B, allograft with ACN; Group C, allograft ADSCs+ACN, and Group D, nerve autograft. RESULTS: At the day before transplantation and 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after transplantation, orbital venous blood of the Sprague-Dawley rats in each group was collected to detect the proportion of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ subsets using flow cytometry and to determine the serum concentration of interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). At each postoperative time point, the proportion of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ subsets and the serum concentration of IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma in group C were all near to those in group B and group D, in which no statistically significant difference was observed. As compared with group A, the proportion of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ subsets and the serum concentration of IL-2, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma were significantly reduced in group C (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The artificial nerve established with ADSCs and ACN has no obvious allograft rejection for repairing rat nerve defects.
Allografts ; Animals ; Autografts ; Cytokines* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Flow Cytometry ; Interferon-gamma ; Interleukin-2 ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells* ; Orbit ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Sciatic Nerve ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Transplants ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The clinical study was conducted to further evaluation the effectiveness and safety of Fangfeng Tongsheng granule in the treatment of sub-acute eczema (superficial cold and interior heat syndrome, exterior and interior sthenic syndrome). In the block randomized, multi-centered study, totally 108 patients were enrolled and assigned to two groups: 72 patients in the test group and 36 patients in the placebo control group. Those in the test group took Fangfeng Tongsheng granule with the dose of 3 g, twice a day, while those in the control group were give simulated agent granules with the same dose. The therapeutic course lasted for 14 days. Their efficacies in TCM syndrome, dermal symptoms and adverse events were observed. According to the test results, except for the one exit case, all of the remaining 108 cases, including 71 in the test group, and 36 in the control group, completed the clinical trial. As for the efficacy of TCM syndrome, after the medication for 2 weeks, the cure rate was 33.81% (24/71) in the test group and 0% (0/36) in the control group (P < 0.01), with a statistical difference between the two groups. Regarding the TCM score, after the medication for 2 weeks, the test group decreased by (12.82 +/- 7.96), while the control group decreased by (3.67 +/- 4.12), indicating a statistical difference between the two groups. As for the efficacy of dermal symptoms, after the medication for 2 weeks, the cure rate was 25.35% (18/71) in the test group and 0% (0/36) in the control group, with a statistical difference between the two groups. Regarding the dermal symptom score, after the medication for 2 weeks., the test group decreased by (10.04 +/- 7.17), while the control group decreased by (2.33 +/- 3.57), indicating a statistical difference between the two groups. There was no significant adverse event caused by Fangfeng Tongsheng granule. In conclusion, Fangfeng Tongsheng granule was effective and safe in treating subcute eczema (superficial cold and interior heat syndrome, exterior and interior sthenic syndrome).
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Eczema ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the radiological parameters of the conservatively in treating distal radius fracture and investigate whether the final re-displacement can be predicted after primary reduction.

METHODSFrom January 2013 to June 2014,212 patients with distal radial fracture conservatively were treated in our hospital, 107 patients of them were excluded because of their incomplete radiological parameters;the remaining 105 patients were available for radiological were assessed after injury, there were 56 male patients and 49 female patients in this study, the average age of the patients was 51 years old (ranged from 22 to 80 years). According to AO classification, there were 47 cases of type A2 and C1, and 58 cases of type A3, C2, C3. All patients were treated by closed reduction and below-elbow cast immobilization for 4 to 6 weeks. All patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months (means 4.5 months) by X-ray, all fractures were healed. Standard AP and lateral radiographic examination was conducted before reduction and after reduction and bony consolidation,the dorsal angulation and the radial angle were measured at each time point. The linear regression was used for the analysis to find out whether the final re-displacement can be predicted after primary reduction.

RESULTSAmong 105 patients,the significant correlations were found for the dorsal angulation between the reduction time and the end time (r = 0.82) and for the radial angulation between the reduction time and end time (r = 0.85).

CONCLUSIONThe dorsal angulation and the radial angulation after complete healing can be predicted from linear the regression functions. Due to the possibility of predicting the end result, whether the fracture should receive further conservative treatment or surgical treatment can be decided immediately.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Radiography ; Radius Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of balloon 32P internal radiotherapy with concurrent local chemotherapy in the treatment of brain glioma. Methods A total of 228 patients with brain gliomas were enrolled in this study. Of these patients, 64 received conventional radiotherapy (group A), 93 received balloon 32P internal radiotherapy (group B), and 71 had internal radiotherapy with concurrent local chemotherapy (group C). The response rates, average survival period, and the 1, 3, and 5-year survival rates were compared between the 3 groups to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the treatments. The Kamofsky's Performance Scores (KPS) after the treatments were also compared to assess the adverse effects associated with the treatments Results Significant differences were found in the response rates, average survival period and 1, 3, and 5-year survival rates between the 3 groups. The KPS scores after the treatment differed significantly between groups B and A and between C and A, but not between B and C. Conclusion Balloon 32P internal radiotherapy produces significantly better effect than conventional radiotherapy, and concurrent local chemotherapy even further enhances the effect of balloon 32P internal radiotherapy. Conventional radiotherapy results in greater adverse effects than the other two procedures, which produce comparable adverse effects.

Alternative polyadenylation (APA), a phenomenon that RNA molecules with different 30 ends originate from distinct polyadenylation sites of a single gene, is emerging as a mechanism widely used to regulate gene expression. In the present review, we first summarized various methods prevalently adopted in APA study, mainly focused on the next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based techniques specially designed for APA identification, the related bioinformatics methods, and the strategies for APA study in single cells. Then we summarized the main findings and advances so far based on these methods, including the preferences of alternative polyA (pA) site, the biological processes involved, and the corresponding consequences. We especially categorized the APA changes discovered so far and discussed their potential functions under given conditions, along with the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. With more in-depth studies on extensive samples, more signatures and functions of APA will be revealed, and its diverse roles will gradually heave in sight.

Precision medicine is one of the most important development in the future.In our study,the main contents of precision medication education were presented,and we aimed to provide a reference for clinical pharmacy educators.There are many factors affecting drug efficacy,and the factors could be divided into two categories of genetic and non-genetic factors.Genetic factors include genetic mutations,epigenetic modification,gene expression,miRNA etc.and non-genetic factors can be subdivided into drug-drug interaction,physiological factor,pathological factor,and other factors.Multiple knowledge was related to Precision medicine,such as pharmacogenetics,genetic testing,bioinformatics pharmacogenetics,therapeutic drug monitoring,pharmacometrics and so on.Take warfarin for example,we explained each factor effecting warfarin anticoagulant therapy.The commonly used databases for precise medication were also summarized.Related basic knowledge is the basis of precision medicine.In clinic,specific drug should be analyzed specifically.In order to constantly update knowledge,we should learn to use the common databases.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of sodium glycididazole combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from Cochrane library,PubMed,EMbase,CNKI,VIP,CBM,Wanfang database;other relevant journals were searched manually.The date of publication was up to November 2016.RCTs about sodium glycididazole combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were included.Treatment group was treated with odium glycididazole combined with radiotherapy,and control group was treated with radiotherapy alone.The quality of included studies was evaluated and per-formed by using Rev Man 5.0 statistical software.Results A total of 18RCTs were included,involving 1241 patients.Meta-analysis showed that complete remission rate (CR)between treatment group and control group were 90.37％ and 72.86％.Also the total remission rate was 69.23％ and 44.60％ respectively.All discrepancy had statistical difference.The incidence between treatment group and control group were 36.36％ and 36.24％,but the diversity had no statistical difference.Conclusion Short-term efficacy of sodium glycididazole combined with radiotherapy was better than radiotherapy alone for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.And,enhancement of adverse reactions was not emerged.

Objective To evaluate the safety of 60μg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine(Saccharomyces Cerecisiae)in healthy population over 16 years old and immunogenicity in non-responders.Methods A total of 4345 eligible subjects over 16 years old were selected and vaccinated with 60 μg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, including 3415 participants who have never been vaccined before and 930 non-responders. All participants were monitored for any adverse events occurring within 30 min after each injection and instructed to record selected injection-site reactions and systemic reactions on the day of vaccination and the subsequent 28 days. Blood samples were collected from non-responders at pre-vaccination and one month after vaccination,in order to determine anti-HBs levels,positive rates of anti-HBs and the mean geometric titre(GMT)of anti-HBs.Results Among 4345 vaccinated participants,16.39 % of them reported at least one injection-site or systemic adverse reaction. The most common injection-site and systemic adverse reactions were Grade 1 adverse reactions with the incidence of 15.12 %(657/4345)and 4.05%(176/4345)respectively. No serious adverse events were observed. Among 930 non-responders,the positive rate of anti-HBs was 87.03 % with active responder of 76.74 %(551 / 718)and the GMT of anti-HBs was 479.28 mIU / ml. The positive rate of anti-HBs was not associated with gender or age (P>0.05). The GMT of anti-HBs demonstrated significant differences between female and male(560.66 mIU / mL VS. 404.91 mIU / mL,P<0.05),but there was no significant differences in different age groups (P>0.05).Conclusion 60μg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine was safe for healthy adults above 16 years and had good immunity efficacy among non-responders who had no or low response to standard immunization regimen of hepatitis B vaccine.