Objective To analyze the clinical data, including clinical features, treatment, and prognosis,in patients with different kinds of pituitary adenomas. Methods In this retrospective study, 746 cases were included. The characteristics of general epidemiology, clinical symptoms, pathology, imaging, treatment, and prognosis were analyzed. Results Clinical features were different among various pituitary adenomas. Symptoms caused by mass effect and hormone abnormality were expresssed in varying degrees. Serum prolactin>121.28 μg/L can differentiate the prolactin adenoma from the other huge tumor causing hyperprolactinemia due to the mass effect. There is significant relationship between the size and the various types of pituitary adenomas ( P<0.01 ),also between the size and the invasive capability ( P<0.01 ). Conclusions The pituitary adenomas may have their specific epidemiological, clinical, pathological, and imaging features, due to the distinct biological behavior. It is necessary to do the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation individually.

G,the noval insertion mutation of c.2298_2299insC is identified in Chinese patients.

OBJECTIVE To survey the patient with pulmonary infection induced by extended-spectrum ?-lactamases-producing bacteria and their Enterobacteriaceae clinical characteristics, drug-resistance and countermeasure. METHODS Isolation, cultivation, identification, drug-sensitivity tests and confirmation of ESBLs-producing bacteria were done for the bacteria of sputum specimens collected from our hospital from Feb 2001 to Sept 2004. Susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion(K-B)method. RESULTS Totally 541 strains of Enterobacteriaceae were cultivated altogether and ESBLs-producing bacteria were 135 strains. The ESBLs- producing strains were sensitive to imipenem, and the resistance rates to it were 0.00% . The resistance rates of ESBLs-producing strains to cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam were 31.11% and 44.44%, respectively . The multi-drug-resistance (MDR) rate of ESBLs-producing strains was higher than that of strains no producing ESBLs (P

Objective To optimize the short tandem repeats(STR)which link closely to survival motor neuron(SMN)and have redundant polymorphism information contents,and to use these STR in the prenatal diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy(SMA).Methods Eleven STR loci(D5S435,D5F153, DSF151,D5S637,D5S1413,D5S125,D5S464,D5S1556,DSF149,D5S351,MAP1B-5')were amplified by PCR.Then the PCR products were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE)and analyzed by silver staining.STR loci were evaluated and optimized by their PIC values.PCR-PAGE and gene scan were combined to make genetic link analysis for SMA families based on the optimized STR.Results Three STR loci(D5S435,DSF149 and D5S351)were selected with 8,19 and 18 polymorphic fragments detected respectively in 100 normal individuals.Their PIC values were 0.84,0.91 and 0.92 respectively.Four carriers and 2 normal individuals were detected from 6 SMA families with linkage analysis by using the 3 STR.Conclusion This genetic diagnosis system based on the 3 STR loci can provide rapid prenatal diagnosis for SMA families,can eliminate maternal blood contamination,and also can discriminate carriers from normal individuals in the fetuses,which makes the prenatal diagnosis system of SMA perfect.

Abstract The growth and development of children is related to the future of the country and the nation. In recent years, there have been more and more cohort studies in the field of children s mental health. Bymainly introducing the advantages of cohort studies on children in distress and organizes domestic and foreign cohort studies in the field of mental health of children in distress, this article finds that it is mostly used in depression, anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder, suicidal ideation and attempts, etc, and mainly explores the risk and prevalence of mental health development in children in distress, and identifies long term negative damage. The research aims to promote the long term development and high quality development of such research by analyzing and summarizing the status quo and prospects of cohort research in the field of mental health of children in distress.

AIM To explore the antihyperglycemic mechanism of Polygonatum odoratum polysaccharides based on sweet taste receptor signaling pathway.METHODS After the successful diabetic modeling by high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with streptozotocin,the rats were randomly divided into the model group,the metformin group(200 mg/kg)and the low,medium and high dose P.odoratum polysaccharides groups(100,200 and 400 mg/kg),in contrast to the control group with 8 normal rats.The rats had measurement of their fasting blood glucose level from tail vein blood before the intervention and 2,4,6 and 8 weeks after the corresponding administration;detection of their serum GLP-1 and insulin levels by ELISA,and their oral glucose tolerance test after 7 weeks;detection of their blood lipid level,observation of their morphology of pancreas and liver,and detection of their mRNA expressions of T1R2,T1R3,α-gustducin,TRPM5,SGLT-1 and GLUT-2 in ileum by RT-qPCR after 8 weeks.HuTu-80 cells treated with P.odoratum polysaccharides solution had their the levels of cAMP and GLP-1 detected by ELISA;their fluorescence intensity of Ca2+ detected by laser confocal method;and the expression of sweet taste receptor mRNA detected by RT-qPCR.RESULTS The result of animal experiments showed that the groups intervened with middle or high dose of P.odoratum polysaccharides displayed decreased levels of fasting blood glucose,area under the time-blood glucose curve(AUC)and the levels of serum TG,TC and LDL-C(P<0.05),increased levels of serum GLP-1 and insulin and the mRNA expressions of T1R2 and TRPM5 in ileum(P<0.05),in contrast to the model group,in addition to the increased serum HDL-C level and mRNA expressions of T1R2,α-gustducin in ileum tissue in the high dose group.The result of cell experiment showed that P.odoratum polysaccharides increased the levels of cAMP,GLP-1 and Ca2+ in cells(P<0.05),and enhanced the mRNA expressions of sweet taste receptors T1R2 and T1R3(P<0.05).CONCLUSION P.odoratum polysaccharides may contribute antihyperglycemic effects through GLP-1 secretion promotion via activation of the sweet taste receptor signaling pathway due to its efficacy in up-regulating expression of molecules.

The Acute Disease Quality Initiative advocates multidisciplinary care for the survivors of acute kidney injury (AKI). The bundled care strategy recognizes the role of pharmacists. However, their specific contributions in this context remain underexplored. Methods: This retrospective study examined the efficacy of pharmacist-led post-AKI pharmaceutical care in outpatient settings at a single center. Adults with recent AKI during hospitalization, maintaining an estimated glomerular filtration rate <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 postdischarge, were enrolled in a multidisciplinary team care program from March 2022 to January 2023, with a 6-month follow-up period. Pharmacist-delivered care adhered to international multidisciplinary consensus guidelines. Efficacy was evaluated by analyzing medication-related recommendations, medication adherence, nephrotoxic drug utilization, and renoprotective medication usage before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 40 patients were referred to the pharmacist-managed clinic. Of these, 33 patients (mean age, 63 ± 15 years; 60.6% male) attended the clinic. Nineteen patients completed follow-up visits. The pharmacist provided 14 medication-related recommendations to relevant physicians, with 10 of these recommendations (71.4%) being accepted. There was a significant decrease in the use of modifiable nephrotoxic drugs (p = 0.03). However, no significant improvements were noted in medication adherence or the utilization of renoprotective medications. Conclusion: Our study underscores the potential benefits of pharmacist-led post-AKI bundled care strategy in outpatient settings. We observed a significant reduction in the utilization of modifiable nephrotoxic drugs, indicating the effectiveness of pharmacist interventions in optimizing medication regimens to mitigate renal harm.

Objective: To prepare diphenidol hydrochloride push-pull osmotic pump tablets and in-vestigate the influence of differ-ent factors on in-vitro drug release. Methods: The cumulative release of different formulas was detected. Using the cumulative release and similarity factor f2as the evaluation criterion, single factor experiment was applied to screen the core formula and coating process. Results: The drug release behavior was affected by the content of PEO in the drug containing layer, the content of NaCl and the weight gain of the coating layer. After the formula was optimized, the NaCl content in the drug containing layer was 10mg, the PEO-N10 con-tent was 15mg. In the push layer, the content of PEO-WSR303 was 60 mg, that of NaCl was 20 mg. The optimized coating liquid for-mula contained 1. 25 g·L-1PEG4000 and the coating weight gain was 7% of the core. The optimized formula fitted a zero-order equa-tion within 2-12h with the drug release equation of Q=6. 308t-2. 5037(r=0. 995 8). Conclusion: The preparation technology of di-phenidol hydrochloride push-pull osmotic pump tablets is stable, and the in-vitro drug release fits zero-order model.

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. Methods Live born infants, including those diagnosed with neonatal asphyxia, were recruited from 16 different hospitals in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December of 2016. The 16 hospitals included four grade A tertiary hospitals (three general hospitals and one traditional Chinese medicine hospital) and 12 grade A secondary hospitals (eight general hospitals, one maternal and child health hospital and three traditional Chinese medicine hospitals). A retrospective investigation was conducted using questionnaire to analyze the basic information, perinatal risk factors and prognosis of those infants. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results Among 22 294 recruited live born infants, 733 (3.29%) were diagnosed with neonatal asphyxia on discharge, including 627 (85.54%) mild cases and 106 (14.46%) severe cases. And neonatal asphyxia resulted in deaths of 27 cases (3.68%). The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia included multiple pregnancy, pregnancy conceived with assisted reproductive technology, premature infant, low birth weight infant, fetal malposition, congenital malformation, male infant, born during transfer, mother of Tujia nationality, low educational level (primary school or lower), living in rural area, the number of antenatal visits ≤3, history of early threatened abortion, anemia in pregnancy, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, abnormal pregnancy history and abnormality of umbilical cord, amniotic fluid or placenta. Conclusions The incidence of neonatal asphyxia in Enshi area is obviously higher than the national average. The main risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in this area are related to maternal background and the living condition of the mother during pregnancy, delivery as well as the newborn at birth.

BACKGROUNDAcupuncture has been shown to be effective in pain relief and anesthesia, and has been suggested for treating various kinds of functional disabilities in traditional Chinese medicine, including knee osteoarthritis (OA). The study aimed to investigate the immediate effects of acupuncture on gait patterns in patients with knee OA.

METHODSTwenty patients with bilateral medial knee OA were assigned evenly and randomly to a sham group and an experimental group. During the experiment, the experimental group underwent a 30-minute formula electro-acupuncture treatment while the sham group received a sham treatment. Before and after treatment, each subject was evaluated for their knee pain using visual analog scales (VAS) and then their performance of level walking using gait analysis. For all the obtained variables, the independent t-test was used for between-group comparisons, while paired t-test was used to investigate the before and after changes.

RESULTSAll the measured data before acupuncture treatment between the groups were not significantly different. The VAS scores were decreased significantly after acupuncture in both groups, and the mean change of the VAS values of the experiment group was 2 times greater than that of the sham group. After formula acupuncture stimulation, while no significant changes were found in all the gait variables in the sham group, the experimental group had significant increases in the gait speed, step length, as well as in several components of the joint angles and moments.

CONCLUSIONSThe results of the study suggest that significantly improved gait performance in the experimental group may be associated with pain relief after treatment, but the relatively small decrease of pain in the sham group was not enough to induce significant improvements in gait patterns. Gait analysis combined with the VAS can be useful for the evaluation of the effect of acupuncture treatment for patients with neuromusculoskeletal diseases and movement disorder.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Gait ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Biological ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome