Five compounds (tenuifoliside C, tenuifoliside D, telephiose A, telephiose C and polygalaxanthone III) from polygala tenuifolia wild were incubated together with CYP probe substrate in human liver microsomes to investigate the inhibitory effect towards CYP450 enzyme. Phenacetin (CYP1A2), coumarin (CYP2A6), paclitaxel (CYP2C8), diclofenac (CYP2C9), S-mepheriytoin (CYP2C19), dextromethorphan (CYP2D6), chlorzoxazone (CYP2E1), midazolam (CYP3A) were selected as the isoforfn specific substrate. And the formation of paracetamol, 7-hydroxycoumarin, 6alpha-hydroxy paclitaxel, 4'-hydroxydiclofenac, dextrorphan, 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone, 1'-hydroxymidazolam, 4'-hydroxymephenytoin were detected respectively to measure the effect towards CYP450 by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The result shows that five compounds from polygala tenuifolia willd significantly inhibit chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation catalyzed by CYP2E1, while showed no effect towards CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A. And IC50 value was 38.73, 54.14, 61.77, 62.22, 50.56 micromol x L(-1), respectively.
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Esters ; pharmacology ; Glycosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Oligosaccharides ; pharmacology ; Polygala ; chemistry ; Xanthones ; pharmacology

Current Hui prescriptions are mostly recorded in the Arabic language. Their fussy and inconsistent names (Arabic names) result in the restriction in the clinical application of Hui prescriptions. Having collected and screened out 101 Hui prescriptions for stroke, the author further studied some of their names in literatures, in order to facilitate clinical application of these prescriptions (i. e. unification of their Arabic and Chinese names, and textual research of identical drugs with different Arabic names). This lays a foundation for the clinical application of Hui prescriptions and the analysis on compatibility regulatory, and provides scientific basis for studies on new Hui medicines.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Arabic ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Stroke ; drug therapy

Objective:To explore the effect of damage control surgery on polytraumatism with severe oral maxillo-facial trauma.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 32 cases of polytraumatism with severe oral maxillo-facial trauma treated by damage control surgery.Results: The principles of damage control surgery were successfully applied to the treatment.Of the 32 cases,31 survived,with their polytraumatism sequentially managed,and only 1 died.Conclusion: Damage control surgery helps to raise the success rate in the treatment of polytraumatism with severe oral maxillo-facial trauma.

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the effect of SDF-1/CXCR7 on inflammatory cytokine synthesis and secretion in gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.Methods CXCR7 gene in SGC-7901 cells was silenced by shRNA lentiviral vector and the expression of CXCR7 was detected using Western blot and Real-time PCR.There were four groups as follows:LV-shRNA-NC,LV-shRNA-NC+SDF-1,LV-shRNA-CXCR7,and LV-shRNA-CXCR7+SDF-1 groups.Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-8.ELISA was used to detect the protein levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-8 in the culture supernatant.Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of NF-κB pathway.Results ① Transfection of SGC-7901 cells with CXCR7-shRNA lentiviral vector resulted in a significantly decreased expression of CXCR7 at both mRNA and protein levels (all P<0.01).② Compared with those in LV-shRNA-NC group,IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expressions and protein levels in the culture supernatant were increased in LV-shRNA-NC+SDF-1 group (P<0.01 )and decreased in LV-shRNA-CXCR7 group (P<0.05).Compared with those in LV-shRNA-NC+SDF-1 group,the expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 at mRNA and protein levels in the culture supernatant were significantly cut down in LV-shRNA-CXCR7+SDF-1 group (P<0.01 ).However,the expressions of TNF-αand IL-1βat mRNA and protein levels in the culture supernatant were not significantly changed by SDF-1 and CXCR7 shRNA.③ The protein expressions of nuclear NF-κB p65,t-IκBαand p-IκBαexhibited no significant differences among the four groups.Conclusion SDF-1/CXCR7 can promote the synthesis and secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in gastric cancer SGC-7 9 0 1 cells through an NF-κB-independent pathway.

Objective To develop a clinically applicable approach to enhance repair of cartilage defects by constructing an in vivo non-viral gene transfer system targeting chondrocytes. Methods High molecular weight chitosan (HMWC) was degraded to produce low molecular weight chitosan (LM-WC) that was combined with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plasmid to form stable nano-sizc complexes. After being tested in vitro firstly, these nano-size complexes were injected into the knee joint of New Zealand white rabbit models with full-thickness cartilage defects to detect their feasibility of delive-ring the growth factor gent in vivo. Results The results showed that LMWC/DNA nano-sizc comple-xes could deliver the gone into the cultured chondroeytes and cartilage tissue efficiently in vitro. When used in vivo, LMWC/TGF-β1 gene nano-size complexes could enhance the transfection efficiency and prolong the expression of TGF-β1 gone. In the animal models of articular osteechondral defect of rabbits, better healing and gentler degeneration could be observed in comparison with the control. Conclusion In vivo transfection of LMWC/TGF-β1 nano-size complexe is a safe and effective method to early promote the repair of osteochondral defects.

Medical parasitology education has been facing some difficulties because it is a course of wide range lacking clini?cal cases and concerned specimens of parasites currently. In addition its relationship with life is not closely enough. All these reasons may impact the effect of class education negatively. Therefore it is important to increase the vitality of parasitology edu?cation and diversify the instructional mode by using the resources from Internet. In recent years the Discovery Channel has up?loaded a documentary Monsters Inside Me online. This documentary is high professional and closely linked with parasitology. It maintains numbers of clinical cases about parasitic diseases. Each episode is about 3 minutes and shortly enough to be intro?duced into class teaching. However this resource has not been fully used in domestic temporally. We found that direct introduc?tion of the documentary into class teaching can enrich teaching forms to attract learning interest of students and finally improve the teaching effect of class. Above that another popular documentary A Bite of China involves many related knowledge points of parasitology. The appropriate usage of the knowledge can build up close linkage between book and life which is extremely help?ful to give students a deep impression of parasitology. In brief it is our strong recommendation to introduce the documentary Monsters Inside Me into class.

Objective Carotid body tumor is closely related to carotid artery .How to deal with carotid artery is the guaranty of successful surgery .The aim of this study was to summary the experience of keeping carotid artery continuity in the treatment of 15 carotid body tumor cases . Methods Clinical data of 15 cases with 17 carotid body tumors , in which 2 patients had bilateral tumors , were collected.The 17 carotid body tumors were classified as Shamblin I (6 cases),Ⅱ(6 cases) andⅢ(5 cases).Fifteen tumors were dissected simplely.Among these 15 tumors, three of Shamblin Ⅱand two of Shamblin Ⅲunderwent repair of the break of carotid artery.The rest two of Shamblin Ⅲunderwent tumor and external carotid artery excision and internal carotid artery repairment .Matas pressing test of carotid artery or carotid artery balloon occlusion test was not performed in any patient . Results All 17 tumors were successfully excised .None of the 17 tumors underwent anastomosis or reconstruction of internal carotid artery or arteria carotis com -mun.The continuity of carotid artery or internal carotid artery was kept in all the patients after tumor excision .Hoarseness and bucking induced by the injury of vagus nerve occurred in 13 cases, and bucking recovery in all the cases after 2 years follow up, and only one case remained mild hoarseness .Hypoglossal nerve injury occurred in 4 cases with tongue deviation , and the symptom recovery after 6 months follow up.No one had recurrent by the follow-up period ranging from 1 to 9 years. Conclusion Most carotid body tumors could be completely resected by tumor dissection method with the accurate treatment , thereby the continuity of carotid artery could be kept.The Matas pressing test of carotid artery or carotid artery balloon occlusion test is not necessarily to every patient .

Objective To compare the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS ) in patients with gastroesophageal reflex disease (GERD)and healthy controls.Methods The distribution and relative protein amount of two NOS subtypes (nNOS and iNOS)were determined with immunohistological method,and their mRNA levels were measured with real-time PCR method.Results The nNOS and iNOS were mostly distributed in the cytoplasm in epithelia of esophageal mucosa.The nNOS and iNOS in reflux esophagitis (RE)were significantly higher than in non-erosive reflux disease (NERD)patients and healthy controls (P <0.05 ).The mRNA levels of nNOS and iNOS were also significantly higher in RE patients than in NERD patients and healthy controls (P <0.05).Conclusion The expressions of nNOS and iNOS were increased in the esophagus of RE patients,which may be related to the effects of NO on the onset of GERD.

Objective Parotidectomy and superficial parotidectomy are traditional surgical treatment to the malignant parotid gland tumour although they have many defects.The aim of this study was to analyze the feasibility of individualized treatment to patient according to tumor`s size and TNM stage. Methods Thirty three patients with low grade malignant parotid gland tumours from Dec 2005 to Dec 2010 were recruited in the present study.All the patients received the territorial surgical resection firstly.Then, 9 cases re-ceived the expanded territorial surgical resection (1 case had recurrent probability, accepted adjuvant radiotherapy).Sixteen cases un-derwent parotidectomy with complete tumor resection ( 2 case had envelope invasion, accepted adjuvant radiotherapy) .Eight cases ac-cepted adjuvant radiotherapy(4 cases on T1 and T2 stage preserved facial nerve although the nerves adhering to tumors, and other 4 ca-ses on T4a stage accepted facial nerve excision ) . Results Follow up ranged from 3.5 to 8.5 years and no recurrences were docu-mented.9 patients who accepted territorial surgical resection showed fine facial symmetry.8 cases of them without adjuvant radiotherapy had good salivary secretion.Nine cases of other 24 patients showed temporary facial nerve injury and recovered within 1 to 4 months. Four cases with facial nerve excision showed permanental facial paralysis. Conclusion To protect the function of parotid gland to the greatest extent, the small low grade malignant parotid gland tumors without facial nerve invasion could have territorial surgical resection. Combined territorial surgical resection with postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy is useful to avoid the tumors recurrence and en-croachment of facial nerve to protect the facial nerve function.

AIM:To explore the effect of recombinamt rat CC16 protein (rCC16) on LPS-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 in the rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cells. METHODS:The RTE cells were incubated with rCC16 at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L in serum-free media for 2 h prior to LPS (0.1 mg/L) treatment for further 24 h.The cells were harvested for assessing the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 by RT-qPCR.The cell culture supernatants were collected for analyzing the protein levels of TNF -α, IL-6 and IL-8 by ELISA.In addition, the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 was tested by Western blot.RESULTS:rCC16 inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 expression at both mRNA and protein levels in the RTE cells in a concentration-dependent (0~2 mg/L) manner, as demonstrated by RT-qPCR and ELISA.However, no concentra-tion-dependent manner between the dose of rCC 16 and TNF-αexpression was observed , and rCC16 inhibited LPS-induced TNF-αexpression at lower concentration (0.5 mg/L).rCC16 concentration-dependently inhibited the effects of LPS on the level of nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65.CONCLUSION:rCC16 suppresses LPS-mediated TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-duction through inactivation of NF-κB activity in RTE cells .