Objective: To study collagen distribution and its quantitative variation in t he aortic adventitia of spontaneously hypertensive rats Methods: Sirus red stain was used to observe collagen distribution in aortic adventitia；Chloramine-T oxidation assay was employed to quantitate the collagen of aortic adventitia；Immuno-histochemical staining was adopted to detect type Ⅰ、Ⅲ collagen synthetic characteristic of vascular adventitial fibroblasts. Results: Collagen of rat aoritc wall mainly distributes in adventitia；SHR shows more collagen deposition in adventitia than WKY at the age of 8weeks and 24 weeks；The immuno-histochemical staining of type Ⅰ、Ⅲ collagen in vascular a dventitial fibroblasts is positive. Conclusions: All those results indicate that vascular adventitia ma y be involved in hypertensive vascular remodeling.and vascular adventitial fibroblasts can synthe size collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ.

AIM:Effects of anatotensin Ⅱ on type Ⅰ collagen synthesis and its mRNA expansion in cultured vascular adventitial fibroblasts. METHODS: Vascular adventitial fibroblasts (VAF)were isolated, cultured from rat thoracic aorta by explant method. ELISA was used to study type Ⅰ collagen synthesis and competihve RT - PCR was employed to detect its mRNA expression after angiotensin Ⅱ administration. RESULTS: Angiontensin Ⅱ caused a dose dependent increase of type Ⅰ collagen synthesis and its mRN expression in VAF. CONCLUSION: The results support that angiotensin Ⅱ is an important factor controlling collagen metabolism of VAF and VAF may play an im- portant role in vascular remodelling of hypertension.

OBJECTIVE:To study the bactericidal activity of thymopentin and its derived peptides. METHODS:Agar plate count was adopted to determine the bactericidal activity of thymopentin [arginine(R)-lysine(K)-aspartic acid(D)-valine(V)-tyro-sine(Y),RKDVY],its derived peptide 1 [RKN(agedoite,N)VY] and derived peptide 2(RKKVY)to Gram negative bacterial (Proteusbacillus vulgaris,Escherichia coli) and Gram positive bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecium). There were 15.625-1 000 μg/ml for peptides,102 CFU for bacteria. RESULTS:Three pentapeptides possessed bactericidal activity against Gram negative bacteria. The activities of RKKVY and RKNVY were stronger than RKDVY(P<0.01),there was no significant dif-ference between RKKVY and RKNVY(P>0.05). They also possessed bactericidal activity against Gram positive bacteria,and the activity from strong to weak was RKKVY>RKNVY>RKDVY(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Thymopentin and its derived peptides possess bactericidal activity against Gram negative and positive bacteria,with dose-effect relationship.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Fatigue ; prevention & control ; Male ; Mice ; Physical Exertion ; physiology ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; genetics ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Swimming ; physiology

Objective To investigate the biological effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro.Methods Primary ADSCs were harvested from the inguinal fat pads of 4-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats,cultured in vitro and purified by magnetic-activated cell sorting.Surface ADSC markers were identified by flow cytometry.LIPUS at 100 mW/cm2 was used to stimulate the cultured cells.Flow cytometry was performed for cell cycle analysis.Cellular proliferation was evaluated via CCK8 chromatometry,and a proliferation index was calculated.ADSCs were assigned to 4 groups:a negative control group,a LIPUS group,an osteoinduction group and a LIPUS plus osteoinduction group,and treated accordingly.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined at the 7th and 14th day in each group,and calcium nodes were marked by Von Kossa staining.The levels of osteogenic differentiation in the different groups were evaluated.Results The ADSCs of passage 3 expressed CD 34low,and CD29high CD44high,which was consistent with the characteristics of ADSC surface markers.Proliferation was upregulated significantly in the LIPUS group compared with the negative control group.ALP activity was also elevated significantly and it resulted in mine-ralization.The highest mineralization rate was observed in the LIPUS plus osteoinduction group.Conclusions LIPUS not only can stimulate the proliferation of rat ADSCs,it also promotes their osteogenic differentiation.

Objective To explore the correlation between adiponectin/leptin(A/L) ratio and metabolic syndrome diagnosis in elderly men. Methods A total of 256 elderly men (≥60 years) were enrolled and divided into metabolic syndrome group(n= 109) and non metabolic syndrome group (n= 147). Serum levels of adiponectin and leptin were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and the A/L ratio was calculated. Metabolic syndrome diagnosis is based on the definition provided by China Diabetes Society (CDS) in 2004. Results (1) In metabolic syndrome group versus non metabolic syndrome group, the serum levels of leptin and adiponectin were (10. 3±7.0) vs (6.8±4.9)μg/L and(7.8±5.6)g/L vs (9.5±5.9)g/L, and A/L ratio was 0. 94±0. 78 vs 2.15±2.13 respectively. (2) A/L ratio was positively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), triacylglycerol (TG) and serum uric acid(P< 0. 001). (3) The higher value of A/L ratio, the lower possibility of metabolic syndrome. When the A/L ratio was more than 5, the incidence of metabolic syndrome was decreased to O(X2 =34. 891 ,P< 0.001). (4) The more components of metabolic abnormality, the lower value of A/L ratio(F= 10. 876,P<0. 001). Conclusions The A/L ratio may be useful in evaluating the extent of metabolic disorder and diagnosing metabolic syndrome in elderly men.

Objective To observe the serum adiponectin, leptin level, and adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L ratio) in elderly male patients with normal BMI and visceral adipose deposit but without metabolic syndrome. Methods A total of 109 elderly males (≥60 years old) were enrolled whose BMI were all less than 25 kg m and without metabolic syndrome. They were divided into non visceral adipose deposit group (n = 67) and visceral adipose deposit group (n = 42 ). Serum levels of adiponectin and leptin were measured by radiological immunological assay (RIA) and the A/L ratio was calculated. Visceral adipose deposit was defined as visceral adipose area more than 100 cm2.Metabolic syndrome diagnosis was according to the definition provided by China Diabetes Society (CDS) in 2004. Results (1)The visceral adipose area [(135.56±31.72)cm2 vs. (68. 65±22.64)cm2 , P＜ 0. 001] and BMI [(22.94 ± 1.35 ) kg/m2 vs. ( 21.38 ± 2.55 ) kg/m2 , P ＜ 0.001] were significantly higher in visceral adipose deposit group than in non visceral adipose deposit group. The A/L ratio was significantly lower in visceral adipose deposit group than in non visceral adipose deposit group ( 2. 17 ± 1.77 vs. 4.54 ± 7.00, P = 0. 034 ) while there was no difference in serum adiponectin or leptin level between those two groups. (2)The A/L ratio was negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.552, P＜0.001), waist circumstances (r=-0.390, P＜0.001) and abdominal visceral fat area (r=-0.341, P＜0. 001 ). Conclusions The A/L ratio decreases in elderly men with normal BMI and visceral adipose deposit. A/L ratio could be useful in scanning those patients with visceral adipose deposit whose BMI is normal among elderly men.

Objective To study the relationship between mental effort and personal time perspective during the process of individual changing bad habits.Methods 230 graduate students were collected to attend this longitudinal study of 21 days by experience sampling method.The data on mental effort and performance were obtained from the process of daily change of the bad behavior.Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) was applied to graduate students.The survey results were analyzed by hierarchical linear modeling (HLM).Results In 21 days,the mental effort of subjects showed very clear downward trend,the trend of the change was statistical significant (total score(5.63±2.62),t=-5.590,P＜0.01).Mental effort didn't have significant difference in five kinds of behavioral objectives (keeping early hours,exercising daily,dieting,reading daily,limiting screen time) (P＞0.05).The male obviously put more effort than the female during the study(t=2.743,P＜0.01).Both Present Hedonism and Futurism were inversely related to mental effort,which was statistical significant (t=-2.504,P＜0.05;t=2.39,P＜0.05).Both Present Fatalism and Futurism had the effects on the changing trend of the mental effort regulatory,which was statistical significant (t=-3.099,P＜0.01;t=-2.400,P＜0.05).Conclusion The mental effort of changing the behavior will gradually decline during the process of habit establishment.The mental effort of subjects who had present fatalism or futurism show a faster decline.

Objective To study the effect of parenting styles on the children' s self-control,and distinguish the influence between father and mother.Methods The present study selected 1 531 children (766 girls) between 3-10 years old.Data on parenting style were collected by parenting style questionnaire,while data on children' s self-control were measured by dual-system of self-control scale.Principal component analysis was conducted to examine common method bias.Results (1) No common method bias was found in this study.(2) Boys scored (31.66±5.95) on control system lower than girls (32.91±5.49),t=4.071,P＜ 0.01,but they had higher scores (43.19±8.32) on impulsive system than girls (41.96±8.32),t=2.226,P=0.027.(3)The associations of children's self-control scores with parents' spoiling,neglectful,authoritarian,inconsistent style were significant (r=-0.054～-0.174,P＜0.05),while it correlated positively with parents' democratic style (r=0.231,r=0.243,P＜0.05).The correlation between children's impulsive system scores and parents' spoiling,neglectful,authoritarian,inconsistent style were significantly positive (r=0.116-0.195,P＜0.05),while its associations with parents' democratic style were significant (r=-0.107,r=-0.108,P＜0.05).(4) As controlling children's age and sex,father democracy (β=0.120),inconsistency (β=-0.159),and mother democracy (β=0.188) were significantly correlated with children' s self-control (R 2adj =0.107,P＜0.05).Father despotism (β=0.070),inconsistency (β=0.136),mother's democracy (β=-0.063),despotism (β=0.099) and inconsistency (β=0.061) significantly predicted children's impulsive system (R 2adj =0.082,P＜0.05).Conclusion Each dimension of self-control and parenting style is high correlation.Father and mother's different rearing traits and the combination of different rearing traits contributed variously to children' s self-control system.

Phthalate esters belong to the group of environmental hormones,which are ubiquitous environmental pollutants and they can damage the human health through breathing to get into the body.The recent researches on the analysis of phthalate esters in the air such as sampling,pretreatment and determination were reviewed and some related issues were discussed in the paper.It would be reference for the further study of phthalate esters.