Objective Health belief model and theory of reasoned action or theory of planned behavior have been used widely in studies of health behavior and combined to use in many studies to explain and predict definite health behaviors.A systematic review was conducted to analyze how two theories combined in the studies related to health behaviors,to explore general factors influencing different health behaviors,and so that to provide evidence for future health promotion and health education strategies.Methods Nine databases were searched using predetermined search strategies and 322 indexes were identified.Key information of included studies was extracted and the quality of each one was assessed according to Strobe Checklist and Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.Results 40 papers including 37 studies were finally included in this review.6 studies were of high quality,while others were of medium quality.Most studies were cross-sectional survey.Two theories were usually as the framework basis and used to develop research instruments in the included studies.Some researchers used behavioral intention as an outcome variable instead of actual behavior.Subjective norms,perceived susceptibility,and perceived behavior control were the most influencing factors for behavioral intention;perceived barriers,behavioral intention,and perceived behavior control were the most influencing factors for behavior.Conclusions There are some limitations need to avoid in the future studies synthetically using HBM and TRA/TPB.Improving individuals' perceived susceptibility and subjective norms by extending the target population can serve as the common intervention to change health behaviors;further studies should identify individuals' perceived barriers and control beliefs of specific behaviors,and make responding interventions.

Objective To explore the effect of early screening and psychotherapy on post stroke depression. Methods 80 patients with stroke at first onset were assessed with Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17). Patients with depression were divided into control group (n=21) and intervention group (n=21). Both groups received rehabilitation therapy and the intervention group received psychotherapy in addition. They were assessed with HAMD again 2 months after treatment. All of them were evaluated with modified Barthel index (MBI). Results 52.5% patients had post stroke depression. The score of HAMD-17 was lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in MBI between 2 groups after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion Early screening and psychotherapy can facilitate the recovery of patients with depression after stroke.

The rate of blinding caused by high myopic maculopathy is high, vitrectomy is the most common treatment. However, the effectiveness of vitrectomy for high myopic patients who have serious posterior scleral staphyloma is not ideal. Recent years, posterior scleral reinforcement is used as a supplementary method with vitrectomy in clinical, treating for high myopic maculopathy. lt achieves a positive curative effect especially in macular foveoschisis and macular hole cases. ln this article, we introduced a review of history, current situation, material and surgery operand of scleral reinforcement. lt also makes a further discussion of its prospects used in retina surgery.

Objective To establish a rapid and convenient assay to screen for emerging ganciclovir(GCV) resistant mutations in the UL97 gene of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) from transplant recipients. Methods Thirteen spefcific oligonucleotide probes were designed according to the target sequence encoding HCMV-UL97 gene. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifying UL97 gene was employed. Line probes assay (LiPA) was configured to detect relevant non-synonymous mutations at codon 460,520,594,595,603, and 607. In parallel, nested-PCR amplicons were subsequently sequenced directly. Results Four of 16 heart and lung transplant recipients had been infected with HCMV resistant strains during GCV therapy. The mutant codons of UL97 gene were at codon 520、595 and 603. All amplicons detected by LiPA were fully concordant with the nucleotide sequenced.Conclusions Long-term prophylaxis and treatment with GCV in heart and lung transplant recipients may develop HCMV resistant strains. HCMV-LiPA proves to be an alternative method for the resistance genotype analysis of HCMV.

Objective To discussion on the effectiveness of the five-phase instructional method inmedical field teaching Methods Appling the five-phase teaching methods in Social Medicine and General Family Care courses,and comparing it with traditional teaching methods.Results The five-phase teaching method is more effective than traditional teaching.Conclusion To apply the five-Phase teaching method in Public Health Education can gain better feedback from students and improve the teaching quality.

Objective To explore clinical diagnosis and surgical treatment for the traumatic liver rupture.Methods The clinical data of 60 cases with traumatic liver rupture were retrospectively cralyzed to explore the diagnosis and surgical treatment.Results 45 injury patients were diagmosed by,patient history,signs and imaging studies.15 cases of blunt injury,five cases diagnosed by above methods,10 cases of diagnostic peritoneal puncture are positive diagnosis.28 cases received the left hepatic lobe partial resection,20 cases right lobe partial resection,12 cases had the left hepatic lobe and right lobe partial nephrectomy.Among 60 patients,5 cases(8.33％) were dead and the other 55 patients,8 cases occured postoperative complications,were discharged after symptomatic treatment,the average length of stay was (15.6 ± 3.5) days.Conclusion Traumatic liver rupture is a critical illness,rapid and correct diagnosis before surgery,and choose the correct surgical approach,focusing on merger deal with injuries to postoperative complications,and improve the treatment success rate.

Felty syndrome is a rare disorder that involves rheumatoid arthritis,a swollen spleen,de-creased white blood cell count,and repeated infections.This article analyze the clinical characters of this disease.

Objective To study pathogensand diagnostic value of beta2-microglobulin(?2-MG) in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) in children with aseptic meningitis(AM).Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and passive particle agglutination were employed respectively to detect herpes simplex virus type-1(HSV-1) DNA,enterovirus(EV) RNA in CSF and the specific antibodies of HSV-1 and mycoplasma pneumonia(MP) in blood and CSF from 80 children with AM (AM group) and 20 cases of complete remission acute leukaemia(control group).Children with AM were divided into the EV meningitis group,HSV-1 meningitis group and MP meningitis group according to respective diagnostic criteria.The levels of ?2-MG in CSF from all groups were detected by radio immunoassay.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The infection rate of EV,HSV-1 and MP were 52.5%,11.25%and 5.0%,respectively in children with AM.The infection rate of EV was highest.The sensitivity of PCR was higher than ELISA.There could be false negative PCR results in bloody CSF specimens with HSV-1 DNA.The levels of ?2-MG in CSF was significantly higher in children with AM than that in control group(P

Objective To investigate the effects of different penetration enhancers on percutaneous absorption of Xiaoyan Runma mucilage in vitro, and to improve the curative efficacy of this mucilages through selection of the effective penetration enhancers. Methods Xiaoyan Runma mucilage was prepared with different penetration enhancers. An intelligent permeability instrument was used for in vitro percutaneous absorption test of rats , with isolated mice abdomen skin serving as in vitro transdermal barrier and saline isotonic solution as receptor fluid. Then the contents of lidocaine hydrochloride in receptors were determined by HPLC.The accumulative transit dose (Q) and percutaneous permeability (J) within 12 h were calculated and compared with those of mucilage without any enhancer. Results With Q value serving as an index, different enhancers had different promote permeation effects on Xiaoyan Runma mucilage, and the effects in descending order were as follows:4% azone [(222.75±3.4) μg?(cm2)-1]>2% azone[(207.42±5.1) μg?(cm2)-1]>3% menthol [(183.38±4.9) μg?(cm2)-1]>5%menthol [(160.82±5.4) μg?(cm2)-1]>2% azone+3% menthol [(151.25±5.5) μg?(cm2)-1]>2% azone+5% isopropyl myristate [(127.26±7.1) μg?(cm2)-1]>2% oleic acid [(125.16±6.5) μg?(cm2)-1]>no enhancer [(109.82±8.2)μg?(cm2)-1].4% azone was the best penetration enhancer for the mucilage delivery in vitro, with Q and J value as [(222.75± 3.4)μg?( cm2 )-1 ] and 19. 896 μg?( cm2 )-1?h-1 , respectively, which was 2. 08 times those of mucilages without any enhancer. Conclusion Being as a transdermal absorption enhancer of Xiaoyan Runma mucilage, 4% azone has the best effect. This study can provide the optimal formulation for transdermal delivery system of Xiaoyan Runma mucilage.

Objective To explore the effect of psychological counseling skills on medical treatment and satisfaction degree of patients in hospital.Methods Toally 60 discharged patients during December 2015 were assigned as the control group and another discharged one during January 2016 as the intervention group.Training on psychological counseling skills was done for the nurses by the psychological counselor in the intervention group while the control group was not.The two groups were compared on the basis of investigation with the patient's consultation experience scale as well as the medical satisfaction questionnaire.Result The satisfaction levels of consultation experience and medical consultation satisfaction in the intervention group were both higher than those of the control group (all P＜0.01).Conclusion Psychological counseling skills used in the nurse patient communication can enhance the patient's medical experience and their satisfaction with medical treatment.