CCL21 is originally reported as a CC chemokine mainly expressed in secondary lymphoid tissues. CCL21 can dictate lymphocytes homing in the flow environment,where T cells use integrins stimulated by CCL21 to arrest on endothelial cells,and can act as a chemoattractant for T cells,B cells,mature dentritic cells and natural killer cells strongly. CCL21 can collect activated effector cells and keep them around the tumor. It is also a pivotal molecule for priming T cell responses. Therefore,CCL21 plays a potential role in anti-tumor therapy, and its high expression is responsible for many immune diseases.

Acetazolamide, a sulfonamide-derived medication, is frequently used in the treatment of various types of glaucoma. But this kind of medicine is associated with acute angle closure glaucoma. This paper is a review for the researches of this rare adverse reaction at internal and abroad. It can prompt more ophthalmologists to understand and pay attention to this rare adverse reaction of acetazolamide and sulfonamides derived drugs. Then the doctor will make accurate diagnosis, timely treatment and grasp the right operation opportunity and reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications ultimately.

Mass data is absent for the employment of the graduates in biomedical engineering specialty in China. Questionnaire was carried out in the graduates from 1989 to 2013 in School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering of Southeast University, and more than 1 500 questionnaires on the graduate employment were classified, summarized and analyzed to provide instructions for graduate employment guidance and student education in biomedical engineering specialty.

The purpose of this review is to investigate the value of the calcification in differentiating malignant thyroid neoplasm and the molecular mechanisms for the formation of the calcification. Many published reports have proved the presence of calcifications in thyroid neoplasm and calcified nodules in these studies are more frequently malignant than noncalcified nodules. Through viewing the related references, we found that psammoma bodies (PBs), Runx2, osteocalcin, osteopontin, CD44v6 play an important role in the molecular mechanisms in the formation of the calcification in PTC. But further study is required for elucidating the mode of action.
Calcinosis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; metabolism ; Osteocalcin ; metabolism ; Osteopontin ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Thyroid Nodule ; pathology

AIM:Effects of anatotensin Ⅱ on type Ⅰ collagen synthesis and its mRNA expansion in cultured vascular adventitial fibroblasts. METHODS: Vascular adventitial fibroblasts (VAF)were isolated, cultured from rat thoracic aorta by explant method. ELISA was used to study type Ⅰ collagen synthesis and competihve RT - PCR was employed to detect its mRNA expression after angiotensin Ⅱ administration. RESULTS: Angiontensin Ⅱ caused a dose dependent increase of type Ⅰ collagen synthesis and its mRN expression in VAF. CONCLUSION: The results support that angiotensin Ⅱ is an important factor controlling collagen metabolism of VAF and VAF may play an im- portant role in vascular remodelling of hypertension.

Objective: To study collagen distribution and its quantitative variation in t he aortic adventitia of spontaneously hypertensive rats Methods: Sirus red stain was used to observe collagen distribution in aortic adventitia；Chloramine-T oxidation assay was employed to quantitate the collagen of aortic adventitia；Immuno-histochemical staining was adopted to detect type Ⅰ、Ⅲ collagen synthetic characteristic of vascular adventitial fibroblasts. Results: Collagen of rat aoritc wall mainly distributes in adventitia；SHR shows more collagen deposition in adventitia than WKY at the age of 8weeks and 24 weeks；The immuno-histochemical staining of type Ⅰ、Ⅲ collagen in vascular a dventitial fibroblasts is positive. Conclusions: All those results indicate that vascular adventitia ma y be involved in hypertensive vascular remodeling.and vascular adventitial fibroblasts can synthe size collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ.

Two ent-kauranoids were isolated from the ethanol extraction of rhizomes of Canna generalis (Cannaceae), and were purified by various technologies, including silica gel and high performance liquid chromatography, and their structures were determined by modern spectroscopy techniques as (5R,8S,9S,10R,13R)-2-oxo-ent-kaur-15-en-17-oic acid (1) and (4R,5S,8S,9S,10S,13R)-19-hydroxy-ent-kaur-15-en-17-oic acid (2). Compound 1 is a new ent-kauranoid, and compound 2 is obtained from rhizomes of Canna generalis for the first time.

Objective To investigate the effect of compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment on the expression of aquaporin3 (AQP3) in the colonic tissues of diarrhea rat model, and the mechanism thereof. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:blank control group, model control group, positive control group and compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment group. Rats were given 6 g blank matrix cream in model control group, 2 mL suspension of berberine in positive control group and compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment in compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment group, two times/d for 7 d. The rat model of diarrhea was established by using senna intragastric administration. The water content of feces was measured. The expression of AQP3 in colonic tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry assay. Results The water contents of feces were significantly higher in model control group (64.09±0.41)%than those of other three groups (F=53.879,P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the water content of feces between compound catechu anti-diar-rhea ointment group (48.83 ± 1.08)%and positive control group (46.87 ± 2.19)%. The AQP3-positive cells were mainly ex-pressed in the intestinal mucosa. The dyeing index was significantly lower in model control group (0.85±0.18) than that of other three groups (F=14.971,P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the dyeing index between compound catechu anti-diarrhea ointment group (1.30±0.18) and positive control group (1.37±0.14). Conclusion Compound catechu anti-di-arrhea ointment can significantly reduce the water contents of feces, which may be related to the increased AQP 3 expression in colonic tissues.

Objective To investigate the causes and treatment of postoperative nonunion of the intercondylar fracture of humerus. Methods Twenty-six patients suffering from postoperative nonunion of the intercondylar fracture of humerus, 14 males and 12 females, were analyzed in this study. Four cases underwent total elbow arthroplasty(TEA), and the other 22 received refixation and autografting, 4 of whom healed only after 2 operations. The causes of postoperative nonunion were analyzed. Results This group had 28 unstable fixations, 16 postoperative plaster external fixations and 21 significant bone defects. On average, they had a follow-up of 11.4 months (4 to 41 months). In the 4 TEA cases, the average flexion was 112° (90° to 130°) and the extension 18° (0 to 35°). Their average MEPS score was 85(80 to 90 points). The other 22 cases achieved bone union ultimately, with an average flexion of 97.7°± 10. 0° (70° to 110°),an average extension of 30. 9°± 12.8°(0 to 60°), and an average motion arc of 66. 8°± 10. 5° (50° to 90°).Their average MEPS score was 81.4 ± 11. 1 points (65 to 100 points). Conclusions Inadequate internal fixation, elbow stiffness due to plaster external fixation and significant bone defects are the main causes for postoperative nonunion of the intercondylar fracture of humerus. 90-90 plate fixation and parallel plate fixation, together with constructive bone grafting, can achieve bone union in most cases, though the motion arc of the elbow is still unsatisfactory.

The investigation on the chemical constituents of Anabasis aphylla L. was carried out by using various chromatographies, such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and RP-C18 column chromatography. Further detailed investigation on the fraction of the ethanol extract of Anabasis aphylla L. yielded one new compound p-acetyl-phenol 1-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), together with five known compounds: piceine (2), isorhamnetin (3), quercetin (4), rutin (5) and isorhamnetin-3-rutinoside (6). Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis such as NMR and MS. Among these compounds, compounds 2-6 were isolated from this plant for the first time.