No abstract available.
Psoriasis* ; Tinea Capitis* ; Tinea Favosa ; Tinea*

In the past 15 years, from 1986 to 2000, 2,763 cases of superficial mycoses had been diagnosed and treated in Jillin Province. Other mycoses included 1,450 cases of tinea versicolor, 497 cases of candidiasis, 142 cases of sporotrichosis, 1 case of chromomycosis, and 47 cases of aspergillosis. Among the 2,763 cases of superficial mycoses, 762 cases were tinea cruris, 246 cases were tinea manus, 661 cases were tinea pedis, and 156 cases were onychomycosis. From the region, there was a high incidence of sporotrichosis in the middle and the west part of our province, and there was rather low incidence of it in the eastern mountain areas. We separated Sporothrix schenckii from the natural environment. Sporothrix schenckii was separated from the plants and the soil in both the region of high incidence and low incidence. Therefore, the reason why there's a low incidence in the eastern mountain areas is still unknown. Pathogenic fungi were separated, and we found 2,038 strains of T. rubrum, which came first in the pathogenic fungi of dermatophytoses. Coming next were T. mentagiophytes, M. canis, E. floccosum, M. gypseum and T. violaseum. Sporothrix schenckii was separated from all of the 142 cases of sporotrichosis. Candida albicans A, Candida albicans B, Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis were separated from candidiasis; Exophiala jeanselmei was separated chromomycosis; A. fumigatus, A. niger, and A. favus were separated from aspergillosis. The problem we should pay attention to is; In the 1980's, M. canis came third in the pathogenic fungi of dermatophytoses, first in that of tinea capitis, which took 84.2% in the pathogenic fungi of tinea capitis. But from the beginning of 1990's, the number had declined. By the end of 1990's, M. canis just took 9.6 percent in the pathogenic fungi of tinea capitis. And the separation rate of M. canis from cat had obviously declined. Whether it's getting to vanish like M. ferrugineum also needs paying attention to.
Animals ; Aspergillosis ; Candida ; Candida albicans ; Candida tropicalis ; Candidiasis ; Cats ; China* ; Chromoblastomycosis ; Epidemiology ; Exophiala ; Fungi ; Incidence ; Mycoses ; Niger ; Onychomycosis ; Soil ; Sporothrix ; Sporotrichosis ; Tinea ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea Favosa ; Tinea Pedis ; Tinea Versicolor

Deramtophytosis is one of common dermatoses and occupied 10~20% of all dermatologic outpatients in Korea. It has close relationship between host (human) and dermatophytes. Their clinical patterns and incidence, and their causative dermatophytes may change with social environments and life patterns; Some dermatophytes may decrease or disappear and others can be imported from other countries. During recent 60 years, GNP has been increased explosively, more than 190 folds, and that economic developments brought abrupt changes of social environments and life patterns in Korea. Furthermore, there had been great social events; Korean War in 1950~1953, the Asian Game in 1986, the Olympic Game in 1988 and the World Cup in 2002. Those events gave much chances for dermatophytes to move and change. Trends of clinical types of dermatophytosis and their causative dermatophytes were evaluated with reported articles during the period. Tinea capitis showed the most dramatic changes. Its incidence was the highest just after Korean war, 24.5% of all primary school students, and decreased abruptly by 26.5% of all dermatophytosis in late 1950s, 4.9% in late 1960s, and 2~4% since 1970s. Microsporum(M.) ferrugineum was the most common isolates till 1970s, and abruptly decreased and now nearly disappeared. Trichophyton(T.) violaceum was isolated in Cheju island. After Korean war, T. schoenleinii was isolated from favus and disappeared. M. canis was isolated for the first time in 1959 and has been the most common isolates from tinea capitis since late 1970s. T. verrucosum was isolated for the first time in 1986 in Kwangju and has been isolated nation-widely. T. tonsurans was isolated for the first time in 1995 in Daegu and spread among wrestlers, Judo players and Korean wrestlers. It might be imported by wrestlers with sport exchanging program. Tinea pedis is the most common dermatophytosis in Korea now. It was 26% of all dermatophytosis in late 1950s, and increased by 40.9~42.2% in 1970s. And tinea unguium has been increased as tinea pedis does; It was 2.8% of all dermatophytosis in late 1950s, and increased by 5.1~14.2% in 1970s, 5.5~15.3% in 1870s and 17% in 1990s. The patiets with tinea pedis have high family infection and also high coexisting dermatophytosis. The most common isolate was T. rubrum, followed by T. mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton floccosum. Tinea cruris was one of dramatically changed dermatophytosis. Its incidence was 5% of all dermatophytosis in 1940s, and increased by 10.2% in late 1950s, and 26.6~39.1% in 1970s. Environments and socioeconomic conditions are changing, and international travel and sports exchanging program are increasing. All those social events may cause new dermatophytes to invade from other countries. We should check it carefully and continuously.
Arthrodermataceae ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Daegu ; Epidermophyton ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeju-do ; Korea* ; Korean War ; Martial Arts ; Onychomycosis ; Outpatients ; Skin Diseases ; Social Change ; Social Environment ; Sports ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea Favosa ; Tinea Pedis ; Tinea*

BACKGROUND: Dermatophytoses in children are commonly seen but relatively infrequent than adults. Dermatophytoses in children can be different clinically and mycologically from those in adults in that children experience rapid physical changes and they have different skin features and environments from those of adults. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this research is to understand the clinical and mycological characteristics of dermatophytoses in children. METHODS: This clinical and mycological investigation was made with 15,684 patients under age 18 who were diagnosed with dermatophytoses from April, 1976 to March, 2005. RESULTS: The results can be summarized as follows: 1. The incidence of dermatophytoses in children to total number of pediatric outpatients was 6.4%. Male patients were 9,475 and female patients were 6,209 leaving male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Dermatophytoses showed high incidence in the age group between 13 and 18 (7,009). 2. Tinea pedis was 4,020 cases and the most common, followed by tinea cruris, tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea unguium, tinea faciale. Tinea capitis largely increased in 1980s and is falling off through 1990s, tinea pedis tends to increase since 1990s. The onsets in summer were the most eminent. 3. Among 15,684 cases, 9,395 cases (59.9%) yielded isolated strains on fungal culture. Trichophyton (T.) rubrum was 5,049 strains (53.7%) and the most common among the total isolated 9,395 strains followed by Microsporum (M.) canis, and T. mentagrophytes. M. canis was the most commonly isolated organism in tinea capitis and tinea manus but in other cases T. rubrum was. CONCLUSIONS: Dermatophytoses in children are different clinically and mycologically from those in adults and vary with the change of the times.
Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Microsporum ; Onychomycosis ; Outpatients ; Skin ; Tinea ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea Pedis ; Trichophyton

Dermatophytosis is the general term of the superficial infection by dermatophytes. Dermatophytes grow and survive only in the dead keratin of the stratum corneum, hair, nails. Fungi cause the skin lesion provoking the inflammatory response. Dermatophytosis is classified as tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea barbae, tinea mauum, tinea pedis, tinea unguium according to the involved area. The clinical manifestation is related with the characteristics of the involved areas such as skin, hair or nail, and with the depth of stratum corneum according to the anatomical location. For this reason, treatment time and method are different. The feet are the most commonly infected site by the dermatophytes, occupying 33~40% of all dermatophytosis. Tinea pedis is common in the 3rd to 5th decade and rare in children. The primary regimen for local treatment is topical application of antifungal ointment, but in case of secondary infection antibiotic and/or steroid ointment therapy is necessary before fungal treatment. If the disease is intractable for ointment treatment, oral adminstration of antifungal drug is needed. The focus for effective treatment is prevention and treatment of all family members because the infection sources are from family and her or himself.
Arthrodermataceae ; Child ; Coinfection ; Foot ; Fungi ; Hair ; Humans ; Onychomycosis ; Skin ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea Pedis* ; Tinea*

Dermatophytosis is the general term of the superficial infection by dermatophytes. Dermatophytes grow and survive only in the dead keratin of the stratum corneum, hair, nails. Fungi cause the skin lesion provoking the inflammatory response. Dermatophytosis is classified as tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea barbae, tinea mauum, tinea pedis, tinea unguium according to the involved area. The clinical manifestation is related with the characteristics of the involved areas such as skin, hair or nail, and with the depth of stratum corneum according to the anatomical location. For this reason, treatment time and method are different. The feet are the most commonly infected site by the dermatophytes, occupying 33~40% of all dermatophytosis. Tinea pedis is common in the 3rd to 5th decade and rare in children. The primary regimen for local treatment is topical application of antifungal ointment, but in case of secondary infection antibiotic and/or steroid ointment therapy is necessary before fungal treatment. If the disease is intractable for ointment treatment, oral adminstration of antifungal drug is needed. The focus for effective treatment is prevention and treatment of all family members because the infection sources are from family and her or himself.
Arthrodermataceae ; Child ; Coinfection ; Foot ; Fungi ; Hair ; Humans ; Onychomycosis ; Skin ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea Pedis* ; Tinea*

Trychophyton (T.) rubrum is the most prevalent pathogen among causative fungi of dermatophytosis. Primary infection of T. rubrum can be spread by autoinoculation or other reason and some suggests this generalized infection can be a syndrome. We report two cases of T. rubrum syndrome. The first patient, a 43-year-old male, had a tinea pedis with tinea unguium, tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea manus. The second patient, a 73-year-old female, had a tinea pedis with tinea unguium, tinea manus, tinea corporis, tinea capitis, and tinea faciale. Causative pathogens were T. rubrum.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fungi ; Humans ; Male ; Onychomycosis ; Tinea ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea Pedis ; Trichophyton

Trichophyton rubrum is an anthropophilic dermatophyte that is found all over the world, It has become one of the most important causative agents in tinea unguium and tinea pedis. But tinea capitis caused by T. rubrum is rare. Tinea capitis is uncommon in adult. We report a case of tinea capitis caused by T. rubrum in a 67-year-old female, who showed fine scaly erythematous pustules with alopecia on the frontal scalp for 2 months. Culture from a scalp lesion of patient on Sabouraud dextrose agar showed typical whitish cottony colonies of T. rubrum. The patient had been treated with terbinafine.
Adult ; Agar ; Aged* ; Alopecia ; Arthrodermataceae ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Onychomycosis ; Scalp ; Tinea Capitis* ; Tinea Pedis ; Tinea* ; Trichophyton*

Superficial cutaneous mycosis is mycotic infection of the epidermis of the skin, and one of common dermatoses in Korea. They have close relationship between host (human) and fungi. Their clinical patterns and incidence, and their causative fungi may change with social environments and life patterns. Since 1945, GNP has been increased explosively, more than 243 folds, and economic developments brought abrupt changes of social environments and life patterns in Korea. Furthermore, there had been great social events during this period; Korean War in 1950-1953, the Asian Game in 1986, the Olympic Game in 1988 and the World Cup in 2002. Those events gave much chances for dermatophytes to move and change. Tinea pedis is the most common dermatophytosis and has been increased from 26% of all dermatophytosis in late 1950s to 40.9-42.2%. And tinea unguium(onychomycosis) has been increased as tinea pedis does; Its proportion was 2.8% in late 1950s, and 17% in 1990s. The patients with tinea pedis have high family infection rate and also have high coexisting dermatophytosis. The most common isolate was Trichophyton(T.) rubrum, followed by T. mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton floccosum. Tinea capitis showed the most dramatic changes; its incidence was the highest just after Korean war and decreased abruptly since 1970s. Microsporum(M.) ferrugineum was the most common isolates till 1970s, and abruptly decreased and now nearly disappeared. Trichophyton(T.) violaceum was isolated in Cheju island. After Korean war, T. schoenleinii was isolated from favus and is disappeared. M. canis was isolated for the first time in 1959 and has been the most common isolates since late 1970s. T. verrucosum was isolated in 1986, and T. tonsurans was isolated for the first time in 1995 and spread among wrestlers, Judo players and Korean wrestlers. It might be imported by wrestlers with sport exchanging program. In cidence of tinea cruris was dramatically changed and was 5% of all dermatophytosis in 1940s, and 26.6-39.1% in 1990s. Those changes might be related to change of life patterns. Proportion of cutaneous candidiasis among superficial cutaneous mycosis was 1.9% in 1960s, 6.7% in 1973, 14.6% in 1976-1985, and 7.4% in 1989-1992. Proportion of pityriasis versicolor among superficial cutaneous mycosis was 12.1% in 1973, 7.7% in 1976-1985, and 7.7% in 1989-1992. Research for Malassezia have been increasing since late 1990s and that will bring us many new informations.
Arthrodermataceae ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Candidiasis, Cutaneous ; Climacteric ; Epidermis ; Epidermophyton ; Fungi ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeju-do ; Korea* ; Korean War ; Malassezia ; Martial Arts ; Mycoses* ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Social Change ; Social Environment ; Sports ; Tinea ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea Favosa ; Tinea Pedis ; Tinea Versicolor

This study aims to investigate the recent clinical and mycological trends of dermatophytoses in Pusan area. The number of patients with dermatophytoses diagnosed by KOH examination and culture at Maryknoll Hospital was 1, 213 during past 2 years from November 1982 to October 1984. The incidence rate of dermatopbytoses was 9. 8% out of 12,377 cases of out patients in total. Tinea pedis (33 .7%,) was the most frequent diagnosis, followed by tinea cruris, tinea unguium, tinea corporis, tinea faciale, tinea manus and tinea capitis, in the order of decreasing frequency. The majority of cases were found in the age group from 20 to 39 4, The over all ratio of male to female patients was ] 2: 1 5 The positive rate in KOH examination was 96. 2A, and it was especially low in the areas of scalp, face and toe webs. The positive culture rate was 55, 9g, and it was higher in the covered area than in the exposed area. 6 678 strains out of the 1, 213 patients were isolated and identified. The species isolated were, in the order of decreasing frequency, Trichophyton rubrum (558 strains, 82.3% of total organisms isolated), Tn'chophyton mentagrophytes (55,8, 1 Microsporum canis (48, 7. 1g) Epidermophyton floccosum (12, 1 8g) and Microsporum gypseum (5, 0. 7gp) Trichophyton rubrum was the major causative organism in all the types of dermatophytoses except tinea capitis and tinea faciale. In tinea capitis, Microsporum canis was the main causative organism, and Trichophyton ferrugineum was not isolated, at all, which was a specific point, compared with the past tendency. In tinea faciale, zoophilic organisms were mainly isolated.
Busan* ; Diagnosis ; Epidermophyton ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Microsporum ; Onychomycosis ; Outpatients ; Scalp ; Tinea Capitis ; Tinea Pedis ; Tinea* ; Toes ; Trichophyton