Objective To explore the impact of puerarin treatment on autophagy in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBⅠ) and the underlying mechanism.Methods Seventy five Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into 5 groups:sham group (S group,n =15),traumatic brain injury group (TBⅠ group,n =15),TBⅠ + puerarin treatment group (TBⅠ + Pue group,n =15),TBⅠ + JNK inhibitor group (TBⅠ + SP group,n =15),and TBⅠ + JNK activator + Pue (TBⅠ + An + Pue group,n =15).Feeney method was applied to make rats with TBⅠ model.Mter that,head water content and neurological deficit score (NDS) were measured and recorded at day 1,3 and 7 in each group.Western blot was used to measure the JNK activity and autophagic marker proteins,including LC3B and Beclin1.Results Compared to S group,the head water content and NDS were decreased significantly among the others (P ＜ 0.05).The head water content and NDS in TBⅠ + Pue and TBⅠ + SP groups was decreased remarkably compared with TBⅠ group.Combined with puerarin and animycin treatments failed to reduce head water content and NDS compared to the TBⅠ + Pue group.Activated autophagy could be observed in TBⅠ group compared to S group.Compared to group S,LC3Ⅱ,Beclin1 and P-JNK1 were increased significantly.Pue and SP could reduce their expressions,respectively.Combined with puerarin and animycin treatments failed to reduce LC3Ⅱ,Beclin1 and P-JNK1 compared to TBⅠ + Pue group.Conclusions Puerarin could protect rats with TBⅠ via inhibiting autophagy,JNK signal pathway could involve the process of puerarin regulating autophagy.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract,and they are also genetically heterogeneous tumors.c-KIT gene or PDGFRA gene mutation is the main driving factor leading to its occurrence,and it is also one of the key factors affecting the treatment and prognosis of patients with GISTs.Imaging examination is non-invasive and can display tumors from multiple angles and directions,making it the main method for preoperative evaluation of GISTs.With the continuous development of imaging technology,non-invasive and definite genotyping of GISTs by imaging methods before surgery plays a positive role in the selection of targeted drugs and doses for patients and the evaluation of targeted treatment efficacy.This article reviews the imaging progress on the genotype of GISTs and the efficacy of targeted therapy.

Both morbidity and mortality of gastric cancer are in the front rank among malignant tumors.At present,enhanced CT is served as an important imaging method for preoperative diagnosis and assessment of gastric cancer,but it is mostly based on morphological evaluation and unable to perform quantitative analysis.The functional imaging technology represented by energy spectral CT and CT perfusion imaging has a variety of quantitative parameters,which is expected to make up for the shortcomings of conventional CT.The review introduces the basic principles of energy spectral CT and CT perfusion imaging,and summarizes their applications in the diagnosis,pathological classification,grading,staging and efficacy prediction of gastric cancer,aiming to improve the understanding of functional CT imaging for the pretreatment assessment in gastric cancer.