The study about using water sources in diet in community was performed at 3 provinces of Mekong Delta in January 2002. The total number of investigated households were 1639, the samples were collected by investigating 30 groups method. The investigating about major water source using diet showed that on average, about 70% (35-92%) of households used river water, 17.6% (2.0-48%) used tap water and 10.8% (0-20.8%) used rain water. 40% of points used the river water to supply water with community, far latrine-fishpond from 10m, 26% was closed cattle-breeding cage (under 10m). The river water-processing method was alum accumulation, the pasteurization rate without chloramine was nearly 80% and about 20% of households used non-boiled drinking-water. The rate of households used boring well was very low (2-4%), 10% of households entered using processed river water because they were very poor
Water ; epidemiology ; diet ; Alum Compounds ; Chloramines

A new pilot model - community based campaign for source reduction was implemented in Hoa Loc commune (Mo Cay district, Ben Tre province). Fives campaigns were carried out during rainy season in the year 2002 with strong participation of local authorities, school and other social unions. Fives steps of campaign model included (1) Organizing; (2) Training; (3) Communicating before campaign; (4) Launching campaign; (5) Monitoring and assessing. Results: The entomological index in the implemented communes was lower than communes having participants. A model - community based campaign for source reduction was effective and feasible, at the same time having long effectiveness after 3-4 folds/year
Larva ; Health Promotion ; epidemiology

A community based campaign for larvae reduction was organized in 3 communes Hoa Loc, An Thoi, Tan Trung of Mo Cay district, Ben Tre province in 2002. The results: the model of campaign expressed clearly the effectiveness and feasibility in larvae and mosquitos density’ reduction immediately after implementing. Furthermore, launching three to four campaigns times per year can maintain its effectiveness in long time. To gain the most effectiveness, all methods were urged implementing for changes in people’s behaviours and close combination between government, health training communication and regulations
Larva ; Epidemiology

After one year study in Hung Ha district (Thai Binh province) and Cai Lay district (Tien Giang province) from November 1997 to October 1998, the experimental active surveillance system was successfully established in both organizational and technical aspects at the study sites. It is proved that establishing the active surveillance system is necessary and useful in terms of controlling effectively outbreak of communicable diseases. It provides the accurate, complete, and punctual data, so that the epidemic control will be performed timely and effectively. This active surveillance system should be expanded to the other sites
Communicable Diseases ; epidemiology

A sentinel surveillance system for communicable diseases, was implemented in Hung Ha district (Thai Binh province) and Cai Lay district (Tien Giang province), by strengthening the existing routine surveillance system: improvement of microbiological investigation and introduction of computerized reporting and information system.
Communicable Diseases ; Nitriles

A K.A.P. survey on dengue heamorrhagis fever (DHF) was carried out in 6 sentinel provinces (An Giang, Kien Giang, Ca Mau, HCM city, Dong Nai, Can Tho) of program for control of DHF of Southern region at the end of the year 1998. One district was selected in each province. 30 random clusters with sample size of 2000 households were applied for each district. The results: most of households heads (91%) have heard about DHF, by T.V. (62%). Continuous high fever for 2 days was a common symptom of DHF. The first health facilities for seeking DHF treatment were communal health stations (32%), and private clinic (25%). 74% of subjects understood that DHF was transmitted by mosquito. Larval habitant were considered as clean water container without cover (60%) and solid waste containers (used tires, tin, can…) by 15%. Subject prefer to cover water containers (34%), to clean water containers (25%), to destroy waster containers (14%), to put larvicid fishes into water containers (11%), to spray (50%).
Dengue ; epidemiology

A retrospective study of death cases due to dengue haemorrhagic fever in 19 provinces of Southern Viet Nam in 2000 showed that: most of the death cases were under 15 years of age (93%), mainly children 5-9 years; 81.6% of these cases were in South-West provinces. Almost of death cases were due to the late hospitalization (3-4 days after the onset of disease). The death cases occurred on the first 24 hours and on 3rd-6th day of hospitalization were accounted for 58.1% and 93% respectively. Most of death cases occurred in province hospitals (58.1%) and district hospitals (37.2%).
Dengue ; epidemiology ; death

The authors conducted a retrospective study of deaths caused by DF/DHF in Southern Vietnam in 1999. The results showed that most of deaths (92.5%) are under 15 years of age peaking with the age group 5-9 years; 79.2% of them live in the region of Mekong delta. Several cases were transferred to hospital 3 or 4 days after the onset of illness; 45% of all deaths occur during the first 24 hours of hospitalization; 64.4% of them come from provincial hospital and 20.8% come from district hospitals.
Dengue ; epidemiology ; death

This study was applied for 1,729 children under 5 years of age selected randomly from Cai Be district, Tien Giang province by 30 cluster method. The overall incidence was 40.5 episodes/100 infants/years, it was highest for infants under 6 months of age (96 episodes/100 infants/years), followed by infants 6 to 11 months of age (84 episodes/100 infants/years). After 24 months of age, it decreased obviously. The duration of diarrhea: the majority of diarrhea episodes were short duration, 86% of episodes lasted from 1 to 4 days, only 0.5% lasted over 14 days. Risk factors associated to the prolongation of diarrhea were: infants under 1 year of age, liquid stool with defecation more than 5 times in 24 hour, bloody stool, using antibiotics more than 5 days, malnutrition and beginning of mixing feeding.
diarrhea ; risk factors ; child

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of rotavirus in diarrhoeal disease of children under five years of age living in the Mekong delta area (1993-1997). ELISA method was applied for detecting rotavirus in stools. The results showed that the identification rate of rotavirus in acute diarrhea cases detected from household visits was 6.5% (32/494 specimens), in acute diarrhea cases hospitalized was 22.4% (15/67 specimens) and in persistent diarrhea cases hospitalized was 11% (10/91 specimens). Rotavirus was also identified in healthy children (0.7%). Rotavirus identification rate was higher in children under 1 year of age than in children over 1 year of age; no difference between malnourished children and normal children; higher in the dry season (November, December, January, February, March).
diarrhea ; child ; epidemiology ; rotavirus