Objective To investigate the capability of cardiomyoganic differentiation of human umbilical cord perivascu- lar cells induced by 5-azacitidine in vitro.Methods Human umbilical cord perivascular colls were harvested from the umbilical cords of consenting full-term caesarian section patients,which were digested by collagenase,and were purified, expanded through repeating passaging in time in vitro.The HUCPV cell of passage 3 were treated with 5-azacytidine(5 -aza,5?10~(-6)nmol/L) for 24 hours and continued to be cultured under the previous condition for 4 weeks.The prolifera- tion and differentiated phenotype of HUCPV cells were observed.Results The isolation method of the UC vasculature and enzymatic digestion of its perivascular tissue to rapidly harvest a highly proliferative HUCPV cells.After treated with 5 -aza for 4 weeks,the passage 3 HUCPV cells formed the spindle-shaped cells and rate of nuclear and cytoplasm de- creased.Myotube-like structures were found in some cytoplasm.Immunohistochemistry results showed that the HUCPV cells were similar to MSC by stained positively for CD44 and negtively for CD34.The HUCPV cells induced by 5-aza were stained positively a-cardiac action and cardiac Troponin by immunohistochemistry.Furthermore,the expression of a -cardiac action and cardiac treponin gene as detected positively by RT-PCR after HUCPV cells were induced by 5- aza.Conclusion The HUCPV cell was a valuable material for cell-based therapies and can be induced into cardiac- like cells by treatment with 5-aza.

Brain Diseases ; diagnosis ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsy ; diagnosis ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Skin ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; diagnosis

AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of prophylactic laser photocoagulation for retinal breaks before laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in myopic eyes.METHODS: From April 2000 to April 2004, totally 1 845 eyes ( 1 233 patients ) requesting LASIK had a fundus examination with indirect ophthalmoscopy before the surgery. They were divided into two groups according to the presence (Group 1) or absence of retinal breaks (Group 2). All patients with retinal breaks, though they were asymptomatic, underwent prophylactic laser photocoagulation to seal the breaks before LASIK.RESULTS: Patient age ranged from 18 to 43 ( 25.3±5.7) yaers old. Mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction (PSER) was -7.44± 2.13 D (range, -1.50 to -14.50 D). Retinal breaks were identified and treated in 37eyes (2.05%) of 32 patients;1 808 eyes of 1 201 patients had no retinal breaks. No statistical difference was found in age ( P ＞0.05) or gender (P ＞0.05) between the two groups. Significant difference of PSER was noted between Group 1 (-9.41± 4.15D) and Group 2 (-7.52±3.71D) (P＜0.05). During a mean 14mo follow-up, none of the patients developed retinal detachment.CONCLUSION: The efficacy and safety of prophylactic laser photocoagulation for retinal breaks was confirmed.Retinal breaks should be identified and treated by photocoagulation in eyes before LASIK for myopia.

This article mainly summarise the results of the chemical compositions and their pharmacological activities of Arnebiae Radix since 1966. The chemistry components isolated from Arnebiae Radix are mainly naphthoquinone, monoterpene phenol and quinone, phenolic acids and their salts, alkaloids, aliphatic and esters. Pharmacological results showed that the chemical compositions and the extracts of Arnebiae Radix have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, hepatoprotection, antioxidant, anti-tumor and immune function and other activities. This article hopefully to provide a reference for further research, development and utilization of Arnebiae Radix.
Animals ; Boraginaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and osteoclast in callus at different healing period of mandibular fracture in a adult Wistar rat model.

METHODSThe mandibular fracture model of Wistar rats at the left mandibular ramus was established. The callus in the fractured site and the normal mandible were amputated at the 5th, 7th, 14th and 21st day after the fracture. HE staining was used to observe the condition of fracture healing and TRAP staining used to observe the activation of osteoclast. The expression of DMP1 was detected in the callus by using immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSThe number of osteoclasts reached a peak from the 14th to 21st day. The expression of DMP1 became very active from the 7th to 14th day.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of DMP1 and osteoclast during fracture healing exhibited time effect.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; metabolism ; Fracture Healing ; physiology ; Mandible ; metabolism ; Mandibular Fractures ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Osteoclasts ; physiology ; Phosphoproteins ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

BACKGROUNDPerioperative disorder of magnesium, an important cation in the human body, may affect clinical anesthesia. The pharmacological data of propofol use, which is popularly used in the anesthesiology department and intensive care unit, is incomplete in Chinese patients. This study aimed to assess the effect of magnesium sulfate on the calculated plasma medial effective concentration (Cp50cal) of propofol at loss of response to command in Chinese females.

METHODSFifty patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into the control group and the magnesium group. Before induction, magnesium sulfate (30 mg/kg) or placebo (equal volume of 0.9% saline) was given to patients in the magnesium group or the control group, respectively. Propofol was infused using a target-controlled infusion system, with a target concentration for each patient decided by up-and-down sequential allocation. After the equilibration between target plasma concentration and effective-site concentration, the state of consciousness was assessed. For determination of serum magnesium and calcium concentration, blood samples were taken before induction, after induction and at the end of surgery.

RESULTSThe Cp50cal was 2.52 µg/ml (2.47 - 2.57 µg/ml) for patients in the control group, and 2.46 µg/ml (2.41 - 2.51 µg/ml) for those in the magnesium group. A significant reduction of Cp50cal was observed (P = 0.021). There was a significant difference between the serum magnesium concentrations after induction and at the end of the surgery (P < 0.05). In the magnesium group, there was a trend toward decreasing after surgery, while in the control group, Cp50cal decreased significantly (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSCp50cal of propofol at loss of response to command was 2.52 µg/ml (2.47 - 2.57 µg/ml) for Chinese female adults in this study. Infusion of 30 mg/kg magnesium sulfate may reduce the Cp50cal of propofol at loss of consciousness, which implies that magnesium may enhance the pharmacological effects of propofol.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthetics ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Magnesium Sulfate ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Propofol ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Unconsciousness ; chemically induced ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo determine the effects of atracurium pretreatment with magnesium on speed of onset, duration, and recovery of neuromuscular block.

METHODSThirty patients who were undergoing elective gynecologic laparoscopic examination and treatments under general anesthesia were randomized into magnesium group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). Before induction of general anesthesia, patients in magnesium group intravenously received MgSO4 30 mg/kg in saline within 5 minutes, and patients in control group received the same volume of saline without MgSO4. In both groups, the train-of-four (TOF) responses to stimuli of the ulnar nerve were measured at intervals of 12 seconds. Anesthesia was induced with Fentanyl and Propofol through target controlled infusion (TCI), and tracheal intubation was performed with 0.5 mg/kg atracurium after stabilization of the electromyography recording. The onset time of muscle relaxation, clinical duration of action, recovery index, and recovery time were recorded. To determine serum magnesium and calcium levels, blood samples were collected before MgSO4/saline infusion and at the end of operation. Haemodynamic changes and other responses during induction were also recorded.

RESULTSThe onset time from the end of injection to maximum neuromuscular blockade was significantly shorter in magnesium group than in control group (P < 0.01). Duration of relaxant action, recovery index, and recovery time in magnesium group were significantly prolonged than in control group (P < 0.01). Serum magnesium level significantly decreased after management (P < 0.01), and there was also a decrease trend in magnesium group. No change of serum calcium levels in both groups was observed. No adverse event was reported.

CONCLUSIONPrior administration of magnesium sulphate can increase the onset speed of atracurium and prolong the duration of atracurium-induced neuromuscular blockade.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anesthesia Recovery Period ; Anesthesia, General ; Atracurium ; pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Female ; Humans ; Magnesium Sulfate ; pharmacology ; Middle Aged ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Neuromuscular Junction ; drug effects ; Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents ; pharmacology ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the correlation between inflammatory cells, body temperature changes, and TCM syndromes of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) patients in acute and subacute phases. Methods The data of age, gender, body temperature, blood routine, venous ultrasonography, and four diagnostic information of 130 DVT patients in acute and subcute phases were collected and analyzed in a cross-sectional study. The correlation between inflammatory cells and the changes of body temperature and TCM syndromes were analyzed. Results Among 130 DVT patients, 37 patients had damp-heat syndrome, 64 patients had blood stasis and dampness syndrome, and 29 patients had qi stagnation syndrome. Neutrophils increased most obviously in blood stasis and dampness syndrome (P<0.05), which had close correlation with the skin redness (OR=1.287, 95%CI: 9.412-21.247). The mononuclear cells increased most obviously in the damp-heat syndrome, which has close correlation with nouhof (OR=7.364, 95%CI:1.189–45.603), high skin temperature (OR=6.683, 95%CI:1.791–24.938), skin tightness (OR=6.107, 95%CI:1.423–26.203) and weakness (OR=3.302, 95%CI: 1.002–9.169). The temperature rising was the most common in the damp-heat syndrome, and the increase of mononuclear cells was the most common one. Conclusion DVT is often accompanied with elevated levels of inflammatory cells and body temperature. Damp-heat syndrome has close correlation with body temperature and mononuclear cells increasing. Dampness and blood stasis syndrome and neutrophils are closely related.

The effectiveness and safety of acupuncture-moxibustion for the treatment of agrypnia was systematically reviewed. The clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT) of acupuncture-moxibustion for agrypnia were collected. The literature and document on acupuncture-moxibustion RCT for the treatment of agrypnia that published from January of 2001 to March of 2012 was searched with computer in PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP database. According to Cochrane Handbook 5. 1. 0, the bias risk and quality assessment were performed on every included trial and RevMan 5. 0 software was applied to make the Meta analysis. Totally 14 researches were included, involving 2662 cases. The Meta analysis showed that the differences of total effective rate between acupuncture-moxibustion and clinical routine treatment were significant [RR = 1.16, 95% CI (1.12, 1.19), Z = 9.32, P < 0.000 01]. The results indicate that total effective rate of acupuncture-moxibustion for agrypnia is obviously superior to that of clinical routine treatment, meaning clinical efficacy of acupuncture-moxibustion is served credit.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Amblyopia ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of subanaesthetic dose of ketamine on mechanical stimulus on brain regions.

METHODSTotally 13 healthy male volunteers were enrolled in this study, in whom 0 and 100 ng/ml ketamine were administrated by target controlled infusion system in pilot study. After von Frey filaments (vFFs) 300 g were used as mechanical stimuli, Visual Analogue Scale scores were evaluated. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)was taken 1 week after pilot study at the following sequences: structure imaging + functional imaging (stimulus sequence with 300 g vFFs, ketamine sequence); stimulus sequence = 6×(20s on + 20s off), with target concentration of ketamine at 0,100 ng/ml.fMRI result was processed by SPM2 and Metlab 7.01 software package.

RESULTSPosterior cerebellum lobe and corpus callosum were inhibited at 100 ng/ml under vFFs stimulus, whereas cingulate gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, occipital lobe, and posterior cerebellum lobe were activated at 100 ng/ml under vFFs stimulus.

CONCLUSIONSKetamine 100 ng/ml exerts its effect on pain related brain regions. It can both activate and inhibit these brain regions, with the activating effect being the primary effect.

Adult ; Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Brain ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Ketamine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pain ; physiopathology ; Pilot Projects