OBJECTIVE: To review the literature regarding diagnosis and treatment of labral tear. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search was performed in PubMed using various search terms and their combinations including hip, labrum, acetabular labral tear, arthroscopy, diagnosis, and anatomy. STUDY SELECTION: For each included study, information regarding anatomy, function, etiology, diagnosis, and management of acetabular labral tear was extracted. RESULTS: Five hundred and sixty abstracts about anatomy, function, etiology, diagnosis, and management of acetabular labral tear were reviewed and 66 selected for full-text review. The mechanism of labral tear has been well explained while the long-term outcomes of various treatment remains unknown. CONCLUSIONS Labral tear is generally secondary to femoroacetabular impingement, trauma, dysplasia, capsular laxity, and degeneration. Patients with labral tear complain about anterior hip or groin pain most commonly with a most consistent physical examination called positive anterior hip impingement test. Magnetic resonance arthrography is a reliable radiographic examination with arthroscopy being the gold standard. Conservative treatment consists of rest, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, pain medications, modification of activities, physical therapy, and intra-articular injection. When fail to respond to conservative treatment, surgical treatment including labral debridement, labral repair, and labral reconstruction is often indicated.
Acetabulum ; injuries ; Arthroscopy ; Hip Injuries ; Humans ; Rotator Cuff Injuries ; Rupture ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo study the biocompatibility of bone engineering scaffolds designed and fabricated by CAD and Rapid Prototyping techniques.

METHODSInfant rat calvarias osteoblasts were isolated and expanded in vitro and the cells (2nd passage) were seeded onto scaffolds with porosity 80%, 90%, 95% at a density of 2.06 x 10(9)/L. Cell adhesion number and morphology were measured with SEM after 4 days, 10 days co-culture.

RESULTS(1) The osteoblasts' adhesion amounts increased with culture time in three porosity group (P < 0.05), but the increase were different among three groups, 80% group was 0.35 x 10(5), 90% group was 2.84 x 10(5); (2) Through SEM observations, it showed that osteoblasts adhered to all scaffolds well.

CONCLUSIONThe scaffolds designed and fabricated by CAD and rapid prototyping own a good cellular biocompatibility. The results suggest the feasibility of using such scaffold fabricating method for bone tissue engineering research and clinical therapy.

Animals ; Bone Substitutes ; Cell Adhesion ; Cells, Cultured ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of alpha-zearalenol on angiotensin II-induced beta3 integrin mRNA expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

METHODSThe mRNA level in integrin beta3 was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Endothelial NF-kappaB activity was determined by the luciferase activity assay of plasmid NF-kappaB-LUC.

RESULTSThe angiotensin II-induced beta3 integrin mRNA expression was inhibited by alpha-zearalenol and 17beta-estradiol (10 nmol/L -1 micromol/L), but not influenced by ICI 182, 780, a pure competitive antagonist for estrogen receptor or a nitric oxide inhibitor Nomega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride. Alpha-zearalenol and 17beta-estradiol suppressed the angiotensin II-induced activation of NF-kappaB in endothelial cells.

CONCLUSIONAlpha-zearalenol inhibits angiotensin II-induced integrin beta3 mRNA expression by suppressing NF-kappaB activation in endothelial cells.

Angiotensin II ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Estradiol ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Integrin beta3 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; NF-kappa B ; antagonists & inhibitors ; physiology ; Nitric Oxide ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Phytoestrogens ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Zeranol ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

Prosthetic infection is one of the severe postoperative complications of arthroplasty. Mixed bacterial-fungal prosthetic infection is rare but can be disastrous. This case was a 76-year-old female suffered from prosthetic infection following total hip replacement due to femoral neck fracture and underwent multiple debridements. The culture of periprosthetic tissue was bacteriologically sterile following the first debridement, while the Staphylococcus hominis was identified in the second debridement in the previous hospitalization where fungal infection had not been considered. Thus the pathogen spectrum of anti-infection therapy failed to contain fungus. Ultimately, the culture result of our sampled periprosthetic tissue during the third debridement was Candida albicans without bacterium in our hospital. The fungal prosthetic infection was successfully treated by a two-stage revision with antifungal drugs. Accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment is the key to the therapy of infection after hip arthroplasty, especially for mixed bacterial-fungal prosthetic infection.
Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects* ; Debridement ; Female ; Fungi ; Hip Prosthesis/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Mycoses/drug therapy* ; Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy* ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome